北京市朝阳区2019届高三英语第一次3月综合练习一模试题.doc

北京市朝阳区2019届高三英语第一次（3月）综合练习（一模）试题（考试时间100分钟 满分120分)本试卷共10页。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分, 共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。A John Carter was rescued from the sea near his holiday home yesterday. The accident happened while he _1_ (walk) along a steep cliff at the edge of the sea. He was blown off by a strong wind and _2_ (fall) into the sea, 30 meters below. Luckily, a woman saw him in the sea soon afterwards and she called the police rescue service. Mr. Carter was taken to hospital with a _3_ (break) arm. “Im very lucky to be alive,” he said. “I cant thank the woman enough.”BMany elephants can paint. In fact, elephants in zoos sometimes draw on the ground _4_ a stick. Seeing this, some trainers teach the elephants _5_ they can hold paintbrushes, and encourage them to choose colors and paint. Of course, not every painting is good. Just like humans, only some elephants are very creative. Now, an online gallery sells paintings by these elephant artists. By doing this, the gallery hopes to earn money _6_ (protect) elephants.C Golden Gate Park is in San Francisco, California. It is one of the largest urban _7_ (park) in the United States. Over one million colorful flowers, trees and other plants grow in the park. But originally most of the park _8_ (cover) in sand. After a lot of work, it was finally built in 1870. Today, there are many people _9_ (visit) the park every day. They play basketball, soccer, golf and many other sports there. The park is closed in many places to traffic so people can walk, cycle, or skate _10_ (free). 第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A Game of Light and ShadeIt was a sunny day. I had gone up and down the tower when, outside the door at the foot, a blind man came toward me. In a moment, he disappeared up the stairs. I looked at the sign that said “To the Tower”, and decided to _11_ him.I caught up with him in the ticket office. There I was _12_ to see the attendant (工作人员) selling him a ticket as if he were any other visitor. Then, with the ticket in one hand and _13_ the wall with the fingers of the other, the blind man reached the stairs _14_ to the hallway.“That man is blind. What would a blind man climb up the tower for?” I said to the attendant, expecting him to show some _15_, but he didnt answer.“Not the _16_ certainly,” I said. “Perhaps he wants to _17_.”I bought a ticket and _18_ up the stairs. The man hadnt gone as far as I _19_. A third of the way up the tower, I heard his _20_. I slowed down and followed him at a little _21_. He stopped from time to time. When he got to the balcony (阳台), I was a dozen steps _22_. As I reached it, I saw him at the corner of the tower.At last, after ten minutes, I _23_ him. “Excuse me,” I said as politely as I could, “but I am curious to know _24_ you came up.”He smiled. “ing up the stairs, you will notice how not just light but sun _25_ into the tower through the narrow windows here and there, so that you can feel the _26_the cool stairs suddenly bee quite warmand how up here behind the wall there is _27_, but as soon as going opposite a window you can find the sun. There is no _28_ so good as this for feeling the difference between light and shade. It is not the first time Ive e up.” The blind man seemed quite _29_, just like a child who was enjoying his favorite games. He told me the truth that blind men can also find the beauty in life _30_ they cannot enjoy the sights of the world. 11. A. acceptB. follow C. control D. visit12. A. frightenedB. disappointed C. surprised D. embarrassed13. A. touching B. climbing C. hitting D. covering14. A. pointingB. attaching C. contributing D. leading15. A. respectB. doubt C. concern D. sympathy16. A. view B. test C. prize D. trick17. A. kickB. jump C. relax D. escape18. A. struggledB. explored C. wandered D. hurried 19. A. promisedB. examinedC. imagined D. confirmed20. A. steps B. words C. secrets D. cheers21. A. standardB. distance C. expense D. intention22. A. ahead B. around C. outside D. behind23. A. recognizedB. surrounded C. approached D. witnessed24. A. why B. how C. when D. whether25. A. knocks B. pours C. slides D. bursts26. A. trendB. reaction C. change D. honor27. A. light B. space C. messD. shade28. A. place B. signal C. object D. period29. A. nervous B. content C. curious D. patient30. A. unlessB. because C. once D. although第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AGet Involved! Make a Donation!So what is rewilding?Imagine our natural homes growing instead of shrinking. Imagine species (物种) diversifying instead of declining. Thats rewilding. Rewilding is ecological restoration. Rewilding offers hope for wildlife, humans and the planet.Why is rewilding important and necessary? Our natural ecology is broken. The places where you would expect wildlife to exist have been reduced to wet deserts. The seabed has been destroyed and there have been no living creatures any more. Our wildlife is disappearing. Many wonderful species have declined over the past century. Weve lost more of our large animals than any European country. We need keystone species. These vital species, including top predators (食肉动物), drive ecological processes. Their loss has worsened our living systems. Nature looks after us. Good natural ecology can provide us with clean air and water, prevent flooding and store carbon. Rewilding can leave the world in a better state than it is today.What are challenges?As a long-term project, our “rewilding britain” has its challenges. Many people are not interested, because we have got used to the lack of native forests. Many farmers oppose the idea. They thought it a crazy idea to bring back predators because they would start killing farm animals. It takes time to educate them. Above all, we need money! So we need your help! Make a donation.Help us bring back living systems and restore wild nature!With your help we can. Open up new chances for rewilding and push for change. Develop tools to educate, influence and spread the word.Thanks for your support. 31. Which of the following is the result of rewilding?A. Species bee various. B. A lot of animals disappear.C. Environments are destroyed. D. Natural disasters happen regularly.32. According to the passage, one of the challenges at present is _. A. peoples doubts B. a lack of volunteersC. a shortage of time D. farmers disagreement33. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To introduce a new project.B. To call on people to give money.C. To warn people of the natural ecology.D. To convince people to change their mind.BFlying HighBarrington Irving made his historic flight and founded an educational non-profit-making organization. His message for kids: “The only thing that separates you from scientists is determination, hard work and a strong liking for what you want to achieve.” The secret, he believes, is having a dream in the first place, and that starts with learning experiences that inspire kids to build careers.The moment of inspiration for Irving came at the age of 15 in his parents bookstore. One customer, a professional pilot, asked Irving if hed thought about being a pilot. “I told him I didnt think I was smart enough; but the next day he took me to the cockpit (驾驶舱) of the mercial airplane he flew, and just like that I was hooked.”To follow his dream, Irving turned down a football scholarship to the University of Florida. He washed airplanes to earn money for a flight school and increased his flying skills by practising at home on a $40 flight simulator (模拟) video game. Then another dream took hold: flying alone around the world. He faced more than 50 rejections for sponsorship before convincing some panies to donate aircraft ponents. He took off with no weather radar, no de-icing system, and just $30 in his pocket. “I like to do things people say I cant do.”After 97 days, 26 stops and dozens of thunderstorms, he touched down to a cheering crowd in Miami. “It was seeing so many young people watching and listening that pushed me into giving back with my knowledge and experience.” Irving has been doing it ever since. He set up his non-profit-making organization, Experience Aviation (航空), aiming to increase the numbers of youth in aviation and science-related careers. Kids attend programmes dealing with hands-on robotics projects and flight simulator challenges.“We want to create chances for students to acplish something amazing,” he notes. Perhaps Irvings most powerful educational tool is the example his own life provides. After landing his record-breaking flight at age 23, he said, “Everyone told me I was too young, that I didnt have enough experience, strength, or knowledge. They told me it would take forever and Id never e home. Well . guess what?” 34. According to Irving, what is the most important in achieving success? A. Meeting people who provide unexpected help.B. Getting a chance to study technical knowledge.C. Having something specific that you want to acplish.D. Developing munication with different organizations.35. What Irving replied to the pilot in the bookstore suggested that _. A. he felt embarrassed to refuse the offerB. he was doubtful about his own abilitiesC. he knew his efforts would be rewardedD. he realized immediately how lucky he was36. What can we learn about Irving in Paragraph 3? A. He chose to reduce his budget as low as possible.B. He was finally given enough money to keep going. C. He got the most useful flying tips from his video game.D. He took on a further challenge after he knew how to fly.37. Irving set up his non-profit-making organization because _.A. he hoped to bee a public figureB. he expected to start a business in other fieldsC. he saw there was great interest in what he was doingD. he thought he could teach more than flight schools couldCTraining the BrainPeople who can acplish unbelievable tasks, such as memorizing thousands of random numbers in under an hour, state that they just have normal brains. Some memory superstars pete in Olympic-like World Memory Championships. These mental athletes, or MAs for short, can memorize names of dozens of strangers in a few minutes or any poem handed them. Ed Cooke, a 24-year-old MA, explains they see themselves as participants rescuing the long-lost art of memory training. These techniques existed not to recall useless information, but to cut into the brain basic text and ideas.A study in the journal Nature examined eight people who finished near the top of the World Memory Championships. The scientists examined whether their brains were fundamentally different from everyone elses or whether they were simply making better use of memorizing abilities we all possess. They put the MAs and control subjects into brain scanners and had them memorize numbers and photographs. The result surprised everyone. The brains of the MAs and those of the control subjects were indistinguishable. On every test, the MAs scored in the normal range. However, when the scientists examined what part of the brain was used during a memory activity, they found the MAs relied more heavily on areas in the brain involved in spatial memory.MAs offer an explanation: anything can be fixed upon our memories and kept in order by constructing a building in the imagination and filling it with pictures of what needs to be recalled. Dating back to the fifth century, the building is called a memory palace. Even as late as the fourteenth century, when there were copies of any text, scholars needed to remember what was read to them. Reading to remember requires a different technique than speed reading. If something is made memorable, it has to be repeated. Until relatively recently, people read only a few books intensively (细致地) again and again, usually aloud. Today we read extensively, usually only once and without continuous focus.So the great difference is the ability to create impressive pictures in mind and to do it quickly. Using memory palaces, MAs create memorized pictures. For example, rebine the pictures to form unforgettable scenes such as the ways through a town. One petitor used his own body parts to help him memorize a 57,000-word dictionary.Anyone who wishes to train the mind needs first to create fantastical palaces in the imagination. Then they should cut each building into cubbyholes for memories. In a short amount of time, they will notice improvement with remembering things. To keep the skill sharp, MAs deliberately empty their palaces after petitions, so they can reuse them and they remend that beginners do the same. 38. We can learn from Paragraph 2 that a mental athlete _. A. owns a brain that is larger in size B. shows a gift in mental ability tests C. uses the memorizing technique better D. depends less on the areas that control spatial memory39. Why does the author mention “speed reading” in Paragraph 3? A. To discuss the memorizing technique in the fifth century. B. To give the reason why people read only a few books carefully. C. To explain the text fourteenth century scholars had to remember. D. To pare the type of reading nowadays with that of earlier times.40. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4? A. There is a variety of unforgettable scenes. B. Memory palaces can be quickly forgotten. C. Impressive pictures are in actual buildings. D. One person probably has 57,000 body parts.41. What does the underlined word “cubbyholes” in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Small spaces. B. Blacks holes. C. Technical skills.D. Different numbers.DEarly or Later Day CareMany young parents are confused about whether their children should have early day care, and there have always been different views on this subject.The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby believes that separation from parents during the sensitive “attachment” period from birth to three may scar a childs personality and lead to psychological problems in later life. Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlbys work that children should not be subjected to day care before three because of the parental separation it causes, and many people do believe this.According to Bowlby, a great deal of psychological harm can occur when young children are separated from their parents. If they are left without touch for a while, they will have a higher stress level. Parents influence on their childrens well-being may never be greater than during the earliest years of life, whena childs brain is developingrapidly and when nearly all of her or his experiences are shaped by parents and the family environment.However, there are critics. Some anthropologists (人类学家) point out that the love affair between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies. There has been a long history of the fact that father and mother did not bring up their children alone. Plato, around 394 B.C., argued that a system of early child care would free women to participate in society. Results from Israeli and Dutch studies show that child-raising duties are more evenly distributed among a broader group of people.Besides, studies have reported that early day care has a neutral or slightly positive effect on childrens development. They learn the benefits of being socially smart, understanding the concept of sharing and caring. They promote concentration skills, which is very important in their learning.There are games where children are taught basic language and mathematical skills through stories and everyday examples.mon sense tells us that early day care would not be so widespread if children had problems with it. But Bowlbys analysis raises the possibility that it has delayed effects. The possibility that such care might lead to more mental illness 15 or 20 years later can only be explored by the use of statistics. Whatever the long-term effects, parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficult to deal with. Children under three dislike leaving their parents and show unhappiness. At the age of three almost all children find it easy to go to the nursery. The matter, then, is far from being clearly known, though experience and available evidence indicate that early day care is reasonable for young children. 42. Thepassagemainlyargueswhether_. A.childrenoverthreewillacceptschool educationB.childrenunderthreeshouldbesenttonurseryschoolsC.thefamilyrelationshipisdifferentintraditionalsocietiesD.early daycareshouldbe totally replaced in modern societies43. WhichofthefollowingsupportsBowlbystheory? A.Early daycarewouldnt besopopular if it had negative effects. B. Separationfromparentsforyoungchildrenismoninhistory.C.Parentsfindtheimmediateeffectsofearlydaycaredifficulttodealwith. D.Studies show early daycarehasapositiveeffectonchildrensdevelopment.44. Theauthorsattitudetowardsearlydaycareisthat_. A.childrenunderthreeshouldstaywiththeirparents B. it has potential benefits for both children and parentsC.the badeffectofit on childrenwill disappear as they grow up D.itiscontroversialandthesettlementcallsfortheuseofstatistics45. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage? A. B. C. D. I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Can We Stop Food Longing Through Imaginary Eating?Are you fighting an urge to reach for chocolate? Then, let it melt in your mind, not in your mouth. According to the recent research, imagining eating a specific food reduces your interest in that food, so you eat less of it.This reaction to repeated exposure to foodbeing less interested in something because youve experienced it too muchis called habituation. _46_The research is the first to show that habituation can occur through the power of the mind. “If you just think about the food itselfhow it tastes and smellsthat will increase your appetite,” said Carey Morewedge, a well-known psychologist. “It might be better to force yourself to repeatedly think about chewing and swallowing the food in order to reduce your longing. _47_ Visualizing yourself eating chocolate wouldnt prevent you from eating lots of cheese,” he added.Morewedge conducted an interesting experiment. 51 subjects were divided into three groups. One group was asked to imagine putting 30 coins into a laundry machine and then eating three chocolates. _48_ Another group was asked to imagine putting three coins into a laundry machine and then eating 30 chocolates. Lastly, a control group imagined just putting 33 coins into the machinewith no chocolates. _49_ When they said they had finished, these were taken away and weighed. The results showed the group that had imagined eating 30 chocolates each ate fewer of the chocolates than the other groups._50_ Physical signalsthat full stomach feelingare only part of what tells us weve finished a meal. The research suggests that psychological effects, such as habituation, also influence how much a person eats. It may lead to new behavioral techniques for people looking to eat more healthily, or have control over other habits. A