2019-2020年高一英语 Book3 Module1 Europe学案.doc

2019-2020年高一英语 Book3 Module1 Europe学案本模块主题是“欧洲”。欧洲位于亚洲的西面，是亚欧大陆的一部分。它的北、西、南三面分别濒临着北冰洋、大西洋、地中海和黑海，东部和东南部与亚洲毗连，宛如亚欧大陆向西突出的一个大半岛。课文“Great European Cities”属说明文体，介绍了巴黎、巴塞罗那、佛罗伦萨和雅典四个著名的欧洲城市。阅读教学目的在于理解课文的内容和形式，逐步培养阅读能力。课文整体阅读。I. 阅读理解（根据课文内容选择正确答案）1. Which of the following is NOT a capital city? A. Paris.B. Barcelona. C. Madrid. D. Athens. 2. Which of the following is not the element（要素）to make Paris famous? A. The Eiffel Tower. B. The artists and writers living in Paris C. Its restaurants, cafes and theaters. D. The Louver.3. If youre interested in the Renaissance, youd better visit _. A. Paris B. Barcelona C. Florence D. Athens4. Which of the following statement is true about Barcelona? A. It is the largest city of Spain. B. It is the capital city of Spain. C. The Church of the Sagrada Familia is one of the most famous landmarks of the city. D. To finish the Church of the Sagrada Famila took the architect 20 years.5. The famous symbol of Pairs is _. A. the Church of the Sagrada Familia B. the Parthenon C. The Uffizi Palace D. the Eiffel Tower6. Florence is famous for many things except_. A. the Renaissance B. some art galleries, churches and museums C. many great artists and their works D. the landscape of the city7. Athens is known as the birthplace of _. A. western civilization B. Antonio Gaudi C. Leonardo da Vinci D. Michelangelo 8. In which way mentioned in the passage was Athens different from the other three cities? A. It is the capital city and the birthplace of the civilisation B. Two thousand four hundred years ago, it was the worlds most powerful city. C. There are many famous buildings in Athens. D. Many writers living in Athens have influenced other writers with their work.II. 根据课文内容填空。Paris, the capital and largest city _ _ France, is _on the River Seine. As one of the most beautiful cities in the world Paris is visited _ more than eight million tourists every year. Barcelona is the second largest city of Spain and is situated _the northeast coast, _ five hundred kilometers east of the Spanish capital, Madrid. Florence is an _ city which became famous because of the Renaissance, a great _ movement which began in the 1300s and lasted _three hundred years. Athens, the capital of Greece, is known as the _of western civilization. Two thousand four hundred years ago, it was the worlds most _Book3 Module 1 Grammar 1 and 2（学案）Grammar 1 (passive voice)语态(Voice)是动词的一种形式，它表示句子的主语和谓语动词之间的关系。语态通常分为主动语态和被动语态。被动语态(Passive Voice)表示句子的主语是动作的承受者。只有及物动词和及物动词短语才有被动语态。谓语动词的构成是：be + v-ed，被动语态形式的句子，有各种时态变化。1. 被动语态的构成1）一般现在时 _You are wanted on the telephone. 有人给你打电话。2）一般过去时 _ The book was finished last week. 这书是上周写完的。3）一般将来时 _ Youll be allowed to go out tomorrow. 明天让你出去。4）现在进行时和过去进行时_ _ The building is being built. 这幢楼正在建设之中。The bikes were being repaired. 那时正在修自行车。5）现在完成时和过去完成时 _ _This book has been translated into English. 这本书已被译成英语。The car had been repaired before he returned. 在他回来前汽车已修完了。6）情态动词的被动语态 _ We can divide an atom. An atom can be divided. 原子是可分的。2. 被动语态的用法 （参照课本第107页语法）3. 学习、使用被动语态应注意下面几点1) 短语动词的被动语态，要保持短语动词的完整性，动词后面的介词或副词不可遗漏。These books must be taken good care 。这些书必须好好保管。The children were well looked 。孩子们受到了良好的护理。2) 带双宾语的动词的被动语态：(give, send, take, bring, teach, tell, offer, sing, buy, promise, make, write, ask, lend, show, pay等)将其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个宾语作为保留宾语，或变为介词宾语，作状语。We gave him some picture-books.He was given some picture-books.Some picture-books were given him.3) 在时间和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时的被动语态表示一般将来时的被动语态，用一般过去时的被动语态表示过去将来时的被动语态。It will be much better when the project is finished.He wouldnt attend the party unless he was invited. 4)有些动词主动语态形式表示被动语态如：sell, wash, draw, keep, prove, clean, run, wear, cook, read, smoke, cut, burn等。The book sells well. 这本书畅销。 This cloth washes well. 这种布料耐洗。5) “be+过去分词”并非都是被动语态，有时是系表结构。The glass is broken. 玻璃杯是破碎的。被动语态表动作，系表结构表状态 Trees are planted in and around our city every year.(表动作)Trees are planted in and around our city.(表状态)系表结构常由very,quite,rather,too,so,more,most等词修饰，被动结构 常用greatly等词修饰I am very interested in computer studies.I was greatly inspired by the report by Yang Liwei.Grammar 2 (Subject and verb agreement)“主谓一致”是指谓语动词与主语必须在人称和数上保持一致The police are searching for him.Some sheep are over there.Five minutes is enough to do this exercise.More than one student has seen this film.Many a ship has been damaged in the storm.Men of this kind are dangerous.Between the two windows hangs a picture.1. 由and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，一个人的双重身份或匹配出现的事物时谓语动词为单数，由and连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念时，谓语动词用复数。 The worker and writer from Beijing. (那个工人兼作家) The worker and the writer from Beijing. (那位工人和那位作家)A knife and fork is on the tableBread and butter is a daily food in the West.常见的由and连接的指一个概念的有：the needle and thread 针线salt and water盐和水the folk and knife 刀叉iron and steel 钢铁time and tide 岁月bread and butter 黄油面包2. every one of, one of, each of, either of, neither of +复数名词作主语，谓语用单数。 Each of the girls likes dancing. One of them has been abroad. Neither of the two boys is good at English.如果 one of复数名词定语从句结构定语从句的谓语动词用复数；如果one前面有the only, the first, the last, the right等限定词修饰，则one是先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用单数。John is the only one of the students who (have) the keys.John is one of the students who (have) the keys.3. more than one, many a + 单数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。 More than one student ( have)tried. Many a student ( be)watching the football match. Many a man (have) died in the war.4. each/every/no/many a + 单数名词 and each/every/no/many a + 单数名 词作主语，谓语动词用单数。 1. Each book and each paper is found in its place. 2. Every boy and every girl has the right to receive education. 3. Many a boy and many a girl has seen these paintings. 4. Every hour and minute is important. 第二个each, every, many a可以省略。5. a+单数名词+and a half， a+单数名词+or two 作主语时，谓语用单数。 1. A year and a half has passed. 2. A day or two is enough. one or two +复数名词, one and a half +复数名词作主语，谓语用复数。 1. One or two boys know it. 2. One and a half months have passed since I saw him. 3. A month and a half has passed since I saw him. 6. all, none, some, any 等不定代词作主语，根据其指代的内容而定。 All are present . All the food tastes good.none of.结构作主语 指代不可数名词作主语，谓语用单数； 指代复数名词作主语，强调全体，谓语用复数更好一些； 着重个别，则用单数较好。 None of the money is yours. None of us havehas ever been abroad.7. “a number of复数名词”作主语， 谓语用复数; “许多” “the number of复数名词”作主语，谓语用单数。“的数量” The number of traffic accidents (have)increased. A number of children (like)this song.8. Quantity/ies of +名词复数/不可数名词 the quantity of + 复数名词或不可数名词，谓语用单数。 a quantity of +复数名词,谓语用复数。 a quantity of +不可数名词,谓语用单数. quantities of + 复数名词或不可数名词，谓语用复数。1.Quantities of tea were sold last month.2.A large quantity of beer was sold out. 3.The quantity of books in the library is amazing. 9. population 做主语指人口,谓语用单数；指人的行为、居民等，谓语常用复数；分数/百分数+ of the population做主语，谓语用复数。The population of the village _ (be)538.One third of the population here_(be) workers.10. the Olympic Games, the Asian Games 做主语，谓语用复数。The Olympic Games are held every four years.11. Half /most/enough/part/the rest/the last/lots/some/plenty/分数/百分数等 +of +名词作主语，谓语动词要和 of 之后的名词保持一致。1. Two-thirds of the people present_(be)against the plan. 2. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth_(be)covered by sea.3. Over twenty percent of the city_(be) destroyed in the war.4. Only 40 percent of the students in the class _(be)boys.12. 集体名词class, family, army, team, club, population, enemy, party, crowd, majority, crew, audience, government, public, group, committee等 作主语。强调整体用单数，指个体成员用复数。 His family is in Harbin. His family are music lovers. The committee was made up of 10 members. The committee were in the hall. This class consists of 45 students. Mr. Green teaches it This class are all diligent. Mr. Green teaches them. 但是并不是所有的集合名词都具有以上两种用法： 1.有的集合名词总是用作单数(不可数)：clothing衣服，poetry 诗歌， baggage/ luggage 行李，furniture家具，scenery 景色等。 2.有的集合名词总是表示复数意义(但不用复数形式)：people人，police 警察，cattle牲口等。3.goods, clothes, glasses, shoes, scissors及trousers, chopsticks, compasses 等以复数形式出现的名词作主语，谓语用复数；4. news, politics, maths, physics, plastics等形式为复数而意义为单数的名 词作主语，谓语用单数。 The goods belong to Mr. Wang. No news is good news. My trousers are new.13. “theadj./v-ed/v-ing”作主语the + dying, young, old, blind, rich, sick, wounded, poor及dead等词， 相当于复数名词，代表整个类别，故作主语时谓语用复数。 The old in China are living a happy life. The wounded have been saved. The sick have been cured and the lost have been found.14.表示时间、距离、钱额、重量、空间、体积等意义的复数名词作主 语，谓语动词常用单数。1. Eight hours of sleep is enough.2. A hundred miles is a long distance.3. Ten pounds was missing from my pocket.4. Twenty years has passed since he left his hometown. 15. 动名词、不定式、从句做主语1) 单个动名词或不定式作主语，谓语用单数。 Making speeches is not her strong point. Growing flowers needs constant watering.2) 由and连接的两个(或多个)动名词或不定式作主语 如果并列的动名词或不定式语义相同或相似，谓语用单数； 如果语义不一致，则谓语用复数。 Lying and stealing are not right. To love and to be loved is sweet to me.3) 由that, where, when, whether, how等词引导的名词性从句作主语，主 句的谓语常用单数形式。 How they can finish their work is still unknown. Where we will go has not been decided. When and where to hold the meeting _(be)not decided.When to hold the meeting and where to have lunch_(be)not decided4) 由what引导的名词性从句作主语，谓语一般用单数(表语是复数时也 可用复数)；如果what从句是带有复数意义的并列结构，主句的谓语 用复数。 What they are after is money. What we want areis promises. What he says and (what he) does do not agree.16. 由or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, notbut 等 连接的并列主语，谓语动词常和靠近的作主语的名词在单复数上保持 一致-就近原则。 Not only he but also I am invited. I or his brothers were to blame. Neither I nor he is to attend the meeting. Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the film.17. there be句型，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。 1. There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 2. There are three chairs, two tables and a bike in the house.18. 主语后跟 “with, along with, together with, like, unlike, besides, but, except, including, as well as, as much as, rather than, more than, no less than, and not +名词”结构时，谓语动词一般和前面的主语保持一致。 1. The teacher with a number of students is in the classroom. 2. Tom, as much as you, was responsible for the loss. 3. He more than you is anxious to go there.19. 谓语应该跟主语一致还是跟表语一致? We Chinese _ a hard-working people A.is B. are C. is being D. are beingLanguage Points in Text1. The United Kingdom is off the northwest coast of continental Europe.翻译：_off the northwest coast of 在离海岸不远/附近（的水域中）on the northwest coast of 在/沿海岸 off prep. 离开；离、距an island off the coast of Spain 西班牙海岸附近的一座岛屿He lives in a village a little away off the main road.他住在离大路不远的村子里。2. 表示方位的介词：to, in, on in 表示在某个范围_ to表示在某个范围_ on 表示与某个范围相邻或接壤_ Japan is _ the east of China. Taiwan is part of China.It is _the southeast of our country. Russia is_ the north of China.3. be/lie/lies/lay be situated in /on/to/between/across be located located adj._,_;situated adj._,_ Their company is located in the center of the country4. face vt./vi._;vt._;n._1 The house faces(to) the north. =_ _ _ _ _.=_ _ _ _.2 她勇敢地面对困难 译：_.Faced with the robbers,she kept calm. 译：_ 短语：be faced with 面临（困难，挑战等） face to face 面对面，相对 lose face 丢面子，丢脸 save ones face 挽回面子，保住面子 make a face/faces 做鬼脸 in the face of 面对，不顾 face up to sth 勇于面对，勇于直视 以练促记：1. _the global financial crisis,the Chinese government has taken many measures_peoples life to deal with it. A.Facing with;relate B.Faced;relating to C.Faced with;relating D.Facing;related to2. _ with a difficult situation,Arnold decide to ask his boss for advice. A.To face B.Having faced C.Faced D,Facing3. In New Zealand ,people live in the houses with their doors_north. A.face B.faced to the C. facing D.facing to ever since 自从那时起一直 与现在完成时态或过去完成时态连用 1. ever since + n./ pron. 2. ever since+ clause They have been friends ever since they were in the school. He has lived in Tibet ever since 1995, when he went there. Hes been depressed ever since he got divorced.