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Unit 1 Festivals around the world高考试卷分块专练.阅读理解AGolden Gate BridgeLocated in San Francisco, the Golden Gate Bridge started in the year 1933 to connect the San Francisco Peninsula with Marin County.It was finally thrown open to public in 1937.It cost more than$35 million in the construction.Till the year 1957, the Golden Gate Bridge, at a length of 2,737 meters, was the longest suspension bridge in the world.Brooklyn BridgeThe Brooklyn Bridge is located in Brooklyn.It is one of the oldest bridges in the United States, opened in the year 1883.The length of the bridge is 1,825 meters.The bridge has been featured in several Hollywood movies.George Washington BridgeAlso known as the Hudson River Bridge, the George Washington Bridge which connects Fort Lee to Manhattan came into use in 1931 after a construction period of almost 4 years.It is a twolevel suspension bridge.Mackinac BridgeThis is the third biggest suspension bridge in the world at a length of 8,038 meters.The architect of this bridge was Dr.DavidBSteinman who directed the construction of the bridge which started in the year 1954 and opened to the public in 1957.People using this bridge are charged a certain amount of money.Navajo BridgeLocated in Arizona, this bridge crosses the Colorado River and is almost 250 meters long.The construction of this bridge started in the year 1927, ending two years later, costing $390,000.In the 1990s a second bridge was built which was opened to the public in 1995.The first bridge is still used by pedestrians now.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了美国五座著名的大桥。1What do we know about the Golden Gate Bridge?AIt consists of two bridges.BIt costs the least of the five bridges.CIt is the longest suspension bridge in the world.DIt takes about 4 years to plete the construction.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第一段中的“the Golden Gate Bridge started in the year 1933 . thrown open to public in 1937”可推知，金门大桥的建筑时间约有四年，故D项正确。2Which of the following bridges was built the earliest?AGolden Gate Bridge.BBrooklyn Bridge.CGeorge Washington Bridge.DNavajo Bridge.解析：选B细节理解题。由题干关键词“was built the earliest”定位到每座大桥的建筑时间；根据文中各座大桥的建筑时间可知，布鲁克林大桥是最古老的大桥，故B项正确。3What will you do if you drive across Mackinac Bridge?AHave to pay some money.BUse the second bridge.CCover nearly 250 meters.DSee the statue of Dr.DavidBSteinman.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第四段尾句“People using this bridge are charged a certain amount of money.”可知，使用麦基诺大桥的人会被收取一定量的钱，故A项正确。BMany years ago, when we were a young couple with two small children, aged 2 and 4, we were practically impecunious.My inlaws lived from hand to mouth, so we didnt expect any help from them.My parents lived a great distance away, and I was too ashamed to let them know about our situation.My husband was trying to earn a living with an old pickup truck, carrying groceries for local shopkeepers, but it was constantly breaking down.It took almost all the money we had to have it fixed.The truck was also the only means of transportation for us.We lived in the countryside, and we always used the back door because the driveway led to it.One winter evening, I stepped outside to take a bag of trash to the barrel and almost tripped over something.It was nearly dark, and I had to bend down to see what it was.I could hardly believe my eyes.There sat a large basket loaded with food.It was heavy, so I called my husband to carry it into the house.Once inside, we discovered two loaves of bread, some butter, several cans of vegetables, a can of orange sauce, and a large turkey.There was so much that I couldnt remember it all, but it was everything we needed to fix a wonderful dinner everything except potatoes.A little while later I remembered that I hadnt taken the trash to the barrel.By now it was dark, so I had to turn on the yard light and thats when I spotted a small bag of potatoes sitting on the porch.That dinner was the best I could remember.We werent able to thank our donators, though, because we never found out who had been so generous in helping a struggling young family.Whoever it was, we are forever grateful.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。“我”和丈夫有两个孩子，很多年前，我们生活贫困，但羞于将处境告诉父母。丈夫用一辆旧卡车送货谋生。一天晚上，“我”在家门口发现一篮子丰盛的食物，那一餐令“我”终生难忘。“我”将永远感谢那位送食物给“我”家的人。4Which of the following can replace the underlined word “impecunious” in Paragraph 1?AGenerous. BHarmonious.CPenniless. DStubborn.解析：选C词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句“My parents lived a great distance away, and I was too ashamed to let them know about our situation.”可知，“我”的父母住在很远的地方，“我”羞于让他们知道我们的处境；结合画线词所在句可知，我们是有着两个孩子的年轻夫妻，据此可以推知，我们的日子过得相当贫穷，才会羞于让远方的父母知道我们的情况。据此可以判断，画线词意为“贫穷的”，故C项正确。5How did the authors husband support the family?ABy starting a garage.BBy selling food door to door.CBy delivering goods.DBy working as a shop assistant.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段第一句的“My husband was trying to earn a living with an old pickup truck, carrying groceries for local shopkeepers”可知，“我”的丈夫用一辆旧卡车为当地的店主送货谋生，故C项正确。6How did the author feel when she saw the basket?AShe was annoyed. BShe was astonished.CShe was terrified. DShe felt a sense of relief.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“I could hardly believe my eyes.There sat a large basket loaded with food.”可知，看到一篮子的食物，“我”几乎不能相信自己的眼睛；据此可以判断，作者很惊讶，故B项正确。7What may be the best title for the text?AA helping hand in time BA struggling young coupleCA tale of potatoes DA reward from a stranger解析：选A标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了“我”和丈夫有两个孩子，生活贫困，但羞于将处境告诉父母。丈夫用一辆旧卡车送货谋生。一天晚上，“我”在家门口发现一篮子丰盛的食物，那一餐令“我”终生难忘。“我”将永远感谢那位送食物给“我”家的人。据此可以判断，A项最能概括文意，体现文章主旨，故A项正确。CFollowing the crowd may not always be in a persons best interest.But new research suggests that teens who get along with their friends may end up healthier as adults.Scientists have known that close friendships help boost health.Thats true for both teens and adults.The finding inspired Joseph Allen, a psychologist at the University of Virginia, and his team to study whether experiences during teen years would influence adult health.So they followed 171 teens, starting when the kids were just 13.They interviewed each one every year for five years, and also spoke to these teens closest friends, who provided additional information about the quality of their friendships.The same 171 people were interviewed again at ages 25, 26 and 27.This time, the questions surveyed each persons overall health.When the researchers analyzed the data, they found a strong connection between a teens behavior and adult health.Teens who had close friends grew up to be the healthier adults.Whether teens held back their feelings or expressed them to close friends also influenced later health.Those who held back their feelings were more likely to be sick as adults.The connection held up even after the scientists accounted for other possible influences on health.Weight, family ine and drug use were all examined.So were mental health issues, such as anxiety and depression.And in these people, such other factors did not explain adult health as well as teen friendships did.Getting along with the crowd may have benefits, says Allen, but there are also drawbacks.Teens who are more independent tend to do better at school and work.And peer pressure may lead some kids to engage in risky behavior, such as smoking, drinking or using drugs.Dealing with it is an ongoing challenge, Allen acknowledges.“Finding the right balance is the key.Teens shouldnt lose heart for not finding this easy.” And, he adds, “Parents need to be understanding about the pressures teens face.”语篇解读：研究表明，与朋友较少或者没有朋友的青少年相比，有朋友的青少年在长大后更健康。当然，与朋友相处也有坏处。8Where can you probably read this passage?AScience fiction. BHealth column.CFashion magazine. DEntertainment newspaper.解析：选B文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍青少年时的友谊对青少年成年后健康的影响。据此可知，本文属于健康知识类文章，故可判断，本文可能选自“健康专栏”，故B项正确。9We can learn from Allens study that _.Amany other factors have a greater influence on adult health than teen friendshipsBmental health issues have nothing to do with adult healthCthe same 171 teens were interviewed each year from 13 to 27Dthe teens who couldnt express themselves grew up to be unhealthier解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Whether teens held back .sick as adults.”可知，青少年是否向他们的好朋友表达情感也会影响到其成年后的健康，那些压抑情感的青少年成年后很可能不健康。故D项正确。10According to what Allen said, we can know that _.Ain order to do better at school, teens should not follow the crowdBthough its challenging for teens to deal with peer pressure, they should not give upCteens will engage in smoking, drinking or using drugs when facing peer pressureDparents should understand their teens and stop them going with friends解析：选B细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，与朋友相处使得青少年在成年后更加健康的同时也会带来不利影响，即周围同龄人带来的压力，这些压力会导致许多问题。分析Allen的话“Finding the right balance is the key.Teens shouldnt lose heart for not finding this easy.”可以判断，青少年要应对这些压力，找到正确的平衡点是关键，不能因为很难找到平衡点就灰心丧气。故选B。11What can be inferred from the passage?AThere is nothing bad for teens to follow the crowd.BClose friendships are the most important for peoples health.CTeen friendships may help teens bee healthier adults.DAdult health is only influenced by teen friendships.解析：选C推理判断题。根据文章第一段第二句“But new research suggests that teens who get along with their friends may end up healthier as adults.”可知，与朋友相处的青少年在成年后会更加健康。C项意为“青少年时期的友谊会帮助青少年成为更加健康的成年人”，符合文章意思，故C项正确。D(2018湖北省七市州联考)Christmas Day is for eating, drinking, watching bad TV and trying to cover up your embarrassment as you realize your husbands aunt Maud has spent her pension on your present while you bought her a set of Christmas cards.Presentbuying can be a minefield: from how much to spend, to whether to risk surprising receivers with a gift they dont want, to knowing if you should buy your neighbor you only say hello to a little something.Here, FEMAIL has asked experts for their top tips on how to select present to_ensure_the_only_thing_thats_red_this_Christmas_is_Santa_Claus_nose.“If youve just started seeing someone you dont need to spend a fortune，” says dating advisor James Preece.“Its much better to impress them with your imagination by choosing a gift thats a little bit different. 20 is about the right amount, with a maximum of 50 if you can afford it.”“Or you dont even need to go that far”， says relationship expert and founder of BeLoveCurious., Helen Rice. “Plan to spend a romantic evening together or have a fun day out. Feel free to give the person youre dating something thoughtful, just dont spend a lot of money.”“If youre in a longterm relationship then your budget really reflects on your personal situation，” adds James. “You dont need to go crazy, but its a great opportunity to show you love and appreciate them.”“Its also best to buy a few cheaper presents rather than big one. Part of the fun is the mystery and unwrapping, so it will last longer if you give them several to enjoy.”语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。圣诞节是西方一个盛大的节日，此刻给亲朋好友送去圣诞祝福也是非常重要的一种庆祝方式。那么如何避免圣诞节送礼不当所产生的尴尬呢？一起来看看文章给我们的建议吧。12What is the purpose of the first paragraph in this article?ATo arrest the attention of readers.BTo criticize greed of mean couples.CTo describe traditional customs of Christmas Day.DTo express sympathies for embarrassed senior citizens.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第一段可知，在圣诞节那天，人们吃吃喝喝，看看没营养的电视剧还要试图掩饰因送礼不当而产生的尴尬，如你丈夫的阿姨莫德用退休金给你买了贵重礼物，而你却只送了她一套圣诞卡。下文紧接着讲买圣诞节礼物是件很棘手的事情，并为此提出了建议。由此可知，第一段通过假设点明问题，从而吸引读者的注意力。故A项正确。13What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 imply?ATo accumulate red symbols for Christmas atmosphere.BTo calculate how much paint they need to decorate the house.CTo surprise their friends with their delicate intention.DTo avoid unnecessary embarrassment when sending gifts.解析：选D推理判断题。联系上文可知，买圣诞节礼物需要考虑很多因素。FEMAIL就如何选择礼物征求了专家的建议，就是为了避免大家在送圣诞节礼物时产生不必要的尴尬。故D项正确。14Which statement does James Preece agree?AOnly rare treasures can move a stone heart.BDiamonds are girls best friends.CCuriosity to gifts adds to fun.DTrue friends need nothing but trust.解析：选C细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句James Preece说的话可知，James Preece认为对礼物的好奇心会增加乐趣。故C项正确。15Who are the target readers of this article?AThose who cannot afford expensive eating.BThose who want to fix their broken friendship.CThose who have trouble in picking proper gifts.DThose who have once quarreled with their neighbors.解析：选C推理判断题。根据文章前三段可知，本文是向那些不知道如何挑选恰当的圣诞节礼物的读者提供了一些建议。故C项正确。.阅读七选五(2018武汉模拟)You know the drill when it es to losing weight: take in fewer calories and burn more calories._1_. If youre trying to drop a few pounds fast, these interesting tips will make it easy for you to lose the weight quickly.Eat in front of mirrors and youll lose weightOne study finds that eating in front of mirrors reduces the amount people eat by nearly onethird.Having to look yourself in the eye reflects back some of your own inner standards and goals._2_.Sniff a banana or an apple when you feel hungry_3_. Researchers find that the more frequently people sniff, the less hungry they are and the more weight they lose an average of 30 pounds each.One theory is that sniffing the food tricks the brain into thinking youre actually eating it._4_Whether thats a floor, a couple of windows, or your car, a 150pound person will burn about four calories for every minute spent cleaning.Scrub for 30 minutes and you could work off approximately 120 calories, the same number in a halfcup of frozen yogurt.Stare at the color blueTheres a good reason you wont see many fastfood restaurants decorated in blue: it helps to control an appetite.So serve up dinner on blue plates, dress in blue while you eat, and cover your table with a blue tablecloth._5_. Studies find they encourage eating.AYou might feel silly, but it worksBTherefore, adjust your eating habitsCWash something thoroughly once a weekDThats all it takes to lose as many pounds as possibleEOn the contrary, avoid red, yellow, and orange in your dining areasFIn other words, it reminds you of why youre trying to lose weight in the first placeGBut you also know that most diets and quick weightloss plans dont work as promised语篇解读：本文主要介绍了快速有效减肥的方法。1选G根据上文的“You know”及下文的“If youre trying to drop a few pounds fast, these interesting tips will make it easy for you to lose the weight quickly.”可推知，G项“但是，你也知道大部分的节食和快速减肥计划并不像承诺的那样有效”符合语境，所以选G项。2选F根据上文的“Having to look yourself in the eye reflects back some of your own inner standards and goals.”可推知，F项中的“why youre trying to lose weight”与上文的“goals”相对应，所以选F项。3选A根据下文的“Researchers find that the more frequently people sniff . an average of 30 pounds each.”并结合本段小标题“Sniff a banana or an apple when you feel hungry”可推知，A项“你可能觉得(这种行为)可笑，但是它却有效”符合语境，所以选A项。4选C空处为本段的小标题，根据本段内容可知，本段主要讲述了清洗一些东西可以消耗大量的卡路里，从而有助于减肥，所以选C项作本段的小标题。5选E根据空后一句“Studies find they encourage eating.”并结合本段的小标题“Stare at the color blue”可推知，此处表示与蓝色相比，其他的颜色对食欲的影响，所以选E项。
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