2018-2019学年高中英语 Unit 8 Adventure单元综合检测 北师大版必修3.doc

Unit 8 Adventure单元综合检测.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)AExactly a decade has passed since a man called Oxygen first threw himself across America.Known for his jumping ability，Oxygen，a Czech，who jumped a nearly 10footwide abyss (深渊)Today，Petr Kops，21，is wearing Oxygens pants“I did not know Oxygen personally，but my sister did，” Kops said.“I wear his trousers for good luck.” Minutes later，Kops was standing at the edge of a 70foot abyss called Broken Bones.While it may seem suicidal (自杀的)，jumping across a gap is actually an extreme sport that is gaining in popularity.Called rock jumping，or simply jumping，this activity is taking place in the AdrspachTeplice Rocks，a remote nature preserve in the northeast part of the Czech Republic.Known for its 11 square miles of sandstone，the region has been loved by lifelong rock climbers.“The aim is to get to the top of as many towers as you can.” said Vladimir Prochazka，known as June Bug，a 59yearold climber and a collector of Czech rock climbing histories.Jumping is often the most possible way to get to the tower.In most cases，climbers jump with a rope tied around their waist.If they miss the landing which is not unmon they will fall into the wall of the base tower.“Jumping requires fearlessness，” Prochazka said.“Broken or damaged bones are fairly mon.” Still，there are those who prefer to experience by jumping without a rope.Among the most wellknown of these adventurers are Petr Prachtel and his wife，Zorka，who helped create the sport in the 1960s.They pioneered countless jumps，sometimes without the safety of a rope.【语篇解读】文章介绍了起源于捷克共和国的跳岩运动。文章介绍了该运动的起源、分级和在该运动中几个关键的人物。1What does “pants” probably mean in the first paragraph?AShoes.BTrousers.CJackets. DShirts.B词义猜测题。根据下文中的“I wear his trousers for good luck.”可知他穿的是Oxygen的裤子。故该题的正确答案为B项。2Why did Petr Kops wear Oxygens trousers?ABecause he knew Oxygen very well.BBecause Oxygen was good at wearing.CBecause he wanted to be lucky.DBecause Oxygen had poor jumping ability.C推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“I wear his trousers for good luck.”可知他是为了好运，故该题的正确答案为C项。3Rock jumping is Abeing less and less popular for it is so far awayBtoo dangerous to attract any peopleCappeared in the southeast part of the Czech RepublicDloved by people who can face the dangerD细节理解题。根据第二段的“.that is gaining in popularity”可知A和B的说法是错误的；根据第二段的第一句“While it may seem suicidal (自杀的)，jumping across a gap is actually an extreme sport that is gaining in popularity.”可知该运动类似“自杀”，故一定为一些喜欢冒险的人所钟爱。故该题的正确答案为D项。B(2018全国卷，B)Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are，like a nearby port or river.People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to munications and trade.New York City，for example，is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River.Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million.But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time.Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight.In 1896，Dawson，Canada，was unmapped wilderness(荒野)But gold was discovered there in 1897，and two years later，it was one of the largest cities in the West，with a population of 30，000.Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris.People went there for gold.They travelled over snowcovered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers.The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without warning.An avalanche (雪崩) once closed the path，killing 63 people.For many who made it to Dawson，however，the rewards were worth the difficult trip.Of the first 20，000 people who dug for gold，4，000 got rich. About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.But no matter how rich they were，Dawson was never fortable.Necessities like food and wood were very expensive.But soon，the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found.The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down，and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska，they left Dawson City as quickly as they had e.Today，people still e and go to see where the Canadian gold rush happened.Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson Cityits present population is 762.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了加拿大道森的历史、发展与现状。4What attracted the early settlers to New York City?AIts business culture.BIts small population.CIts geographical position.DIts favourable climate.C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“New York City，for example，is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River.Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million.”可推知，由于纽约市地处哈德逊河入海口，其优越的地理位置吸引了早期的定居者。C选项“Its geographical position.”正确。A选项“它的贸易文化”，B选项“它的少量人口”，D选项“它的有利气候”在文中均无信息支撑。5What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson?ATwothirds of them stayed there.BOne out of five people got rich.CAlmost everyone gave up.DHalf of them died.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Of the first 20，000 people who dug for gold，4，000 got rich.”可知，在最先的两万淘金者中，有4 000人变得富有了，换言之，即有五分之一的人(One out of five people)变得富有了，故答案为B。A项属于无中生有，文中并未提及最先到达道森的20 000人中有三分之二的人留在了那里；C项说几乎大家都放弃了，这与下文描述的五分之一的人变得富有矛盾；文中第二段提到在前往道森的途中，雪崩造成了63人死亡，并非是10 000人死亡，故D项错误。6What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson?AThey found the city too crowded.BThey wanted to try their luck elsewhere.CThey were unable to stand the winter.DThey were short of food.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But soon. and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska，they left Dawson City as quickly as they had e”可知，当道森的黄金都被发掘后，人们听说在阿拉斯加发现了新的金矿，他们便很快离开道森了。由此可推知，他们是想去阿拉斯加碰碰运气。A项属偷换概念，文中说的是“The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down”(这个城市到处都是感到失望且无心定居下来的人们)。C项属无中生有，文中并未说他们不能忍受这里的冬季。D项属曲解文意，文章提到“Necessities like food and wood were very expensive”(诸如食品和木材这样的生活必需品非常昂贵)，并非是说他们缺少食品。7What is the text mainly about?AThe rise and fall of a city.BThe gold rush in Canada.CJourneys into the wilderness.DTourism in Dawson.A主旨大意题。本文主要以道森为例，讲述了城市的兴衰，故A项正确。B项“加拿大淘金热”，以偏概全；C项“荒野之旅”，曲解文意；D项“道森的旅游业”，不符合文意。CRunners who encounter visual and auditory distractions (干扰)may be more likely to suffer leg injuries，according to research by the Association of Academic Physiatrists in Las Vegas.Runners often seek distraction from the task at hand.Whether it be music，texting，daydreaming，taking in the sights，or propping a book up on the treadmill(跑步机)，more often than not a distraction is wele.But，researchers from the University of Florida have recently discovered those distractions may lead to injury.Daniel Herman，MD，assistant professor at University of Florida，and his team conducted research on the effects of visual and auditory distractions on 14 runners to determine what effect these distractions would have on things such as heart rate，how many times a runner breathes per minute and how much oxygen is consumed by the body.The runners were all injuryfree at the time of the study and ran 31 miles each week.Dr.Hermans team had each participant run on a treadmill three separate times.The first time was without any distractions.The second time added a visual distraction，during which the runners concentrated on a screen displaying different letters in different colors with the runner having to note when a specific lettercolor bination appeared.The third time added an auditory distraction similar to the visual distraction，with the runner having to note when a certain word was spoken by a certain voice.When pared to running without distractions，the participants applied force faster to their left and right legs called loading rate，with auditory and visual distractions.They also experienced an increased amount of force from the ground on both legs，called ground reaction force，with auditory distractions.Finally，the runners tended to breathe heavier and have higher heart rates with visual and auditory distractions than without any distractions at all.“Running in environments with different distractions may unfavorably affect running performance and increase injury risk，” explains Dr.Herman.“Sometimes these things cannot be helped，but you may be able to minimize potentially cumulative(累积的) effects.For example，when running a new route in a chaotic environment such as during a destination of marathon，you may want to skip listening to something which may require more attentionlike a new song playlist.”Dr.Hermans team will continue to investigate the potential relationship between distracted running and leg injuries，and any effect this relationship has on different training techniques that use auditory or visual cues.【语篇解读】说明文。研究表明，跑步时受到视听干扰可能导致受伤。8Paragraph 2 tells us the research Aprocess BquestionCresults DreflectionB细节理解题。根据what effect，how many times and how much oxygen可知选B。9Based on the research，runners with auditory distractions tended to Abreathe heavier and have lower heart ratesBgain a faster speed with slower loading ratesCapply more force with less oxygen consumptionDget an increased amount of ground reaction forceD细节理解题。根据They also experienced an increased amount of force from the ground on both legs，called ground reaction force，with auditory distractions.可知，受到听力干扰后，双脚感受到更多的反作用力。10What can we infer from the passage?ARunning with distractions bees unmon nowadays.BListening to a new song while running ensure performance.CRunners are advised to minimize distractions in a destination of marathon.DRunners are more likely to get injured in an environment without distractions.C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，Dr.Herman建议跑步者把干扰最小化。11What is probably the next task for Dr.Hermans team?AWhat determines training techniquesBWhat effective ways can cure leg injuriesCWhy runners use auditory and visual cuesDHow distractions should be used in trainingC推理判断题。根据any effect this relationship has on different training techniques that use auditory or visual cues(这种关系对使用视听暗示的各种训练技术的作用)可知，将进一步研究在训练中如何使用干扰。DIt is interesting to see that the force of only 6 or 7 people pushing in the same direction can cause up to 1，000 pounds of forceenough to break brick walls.During a deadly stampede(逃奔)，people can even die standing up.People die when pressure is put to their bodies in a front to back direction，causing them not to be able to breathe.If you are in a crowd，the first and most important thing is to make yourself familiar with your surroundings and find different exits.No matter where you are，make sure you always know how to get out.Make yourself aware of the type of the ground you are standing on，and know that in a crowd of moving people wet ground can cause you to fall.When in danger，a few seconds can make a difference，giving you the possibility of making use of your escaping route.Always stay closer to the escape route.If you find yourself in the middle of a moving crowd，do not fight against the pressure，do not stand still or sit down，because you can easily get trampled(踩踏)Instead，move in the same direction of the crowd; make use of any space that may open up to move sideways to the crowd movement where the flow is weaker.Keep your hands up by your chest，like a boxerit gives you movement and protects your chest.If you fall，get up quickly.If you cant get up because you are injured，get someone to pull you up.If you have kids，lift them up.If you fall and cannot get up，keep moving in the same direction of the crowd，or if that is not possible，then cover your head with your arms; do not lie on your stomach or back.【语篇解读】人群中发生蜂拥事件会造成大量人员伤亡，作者在本文中讲述了在处于人群中时，应该如何去做以防意外发生。12In a stampede people may die standing up mainly because Athey cant breathe freelyBthey push in the same directionCthey are not able to get upDthey arent familiar with the surroundingsA细节理解题。根据第二段可知，在致命的蜂拥事件中，人们甚至站着就死去了，原因是当压力从他们的身体前方向后方施加时，他们不能呼吸。故选A。13What does the word “deadly” underlined in the first paragraph probably mean?Aharmful. Bshocking.Cdeathly Dhateful.C词义猜测题。根据第一段第二句后半句people can even die standing up人们甚至站着死。可知，这一定是一次致命的踩踏事件。画线词的意思是“致命的”，故选C。14When in danger，to make a difference，you should Afight against the pressureBstand still where you areCsit down covering your headDmove along the escape routeD推理判断题。根据第五段可知，处于危险中时，确保你可以利用你的逃跑路线，不要与人群的压力相对抗，不要站着不动或坐下来，由此可推知D项正确。15In the passage the writer mainly wants to tell us Ahow to stay far away from a crowdBwhat to do when you are in a crowdCwhere to go when you are in dangerDhow to get along with a big crowdB主旨大意题。第一、二段导入文章的话题，拥挤的人群可能造成人的死亡，后面详细叙述了当你处于人群中时，应该如何去做以防意外发生，由此可判断B项正确。.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)Although many Chinese students say that their knowledge of English grammar is good，most would admit that their spoken English is poor.Whenever I speak to a Chinese student，they always say，“My spoken English is poor.” 16 I would like to suggest that there may be some reasons for their problems with spoken English.First，they fail to find suitable words to express themselves due to a limited vocabulary. 17 However，you can speak with a limited vocabulary，if you choose a positive attitude.Others will follow you as long as you use the words that you know. 18 Sometimes they make mistakes when they are speaking because they are shy and nervous.Yet students should remember that their goal should be FLUENCY NOT ACCURACY.Your aim in writing is to be accurate following the rules for grammar and using the right words and spelling them correctly.However，in speaking your aim is fluency.You want to get your message across，to talk to someone in English，as quickly and as well as you can，even though sometimes you may use a wrong word or tense，but it doesnt matter. 19 The third reason is that not enough attention is paid to listening.You have one mouth but two ears！All that hearing is necessary for you to start speaking.Fourth，most Chinese students are reactive rather than proactive language learners.Instead of actively seeking out opportunities to improve their spoken English they passively wait for speaking opportunities to e to them and wonder why their English always remains poor. 20 AThe person you are speaking to will understand you and make allowances for any mistakes he hears.BThey may try to avoid making similar mistakes next time.CObviously the better answer is to expand their vocabulary.DIf you have this proactive outlook，then you will see English opportunities wherever you go.EHowever，their spoken English does not have to remain “poor”！FSecond，they are afraid of making mistakes.GThe second reason lies in the reluctance of using what has just been learned.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。讲述的是在中国学生口语差的四点原因。学生口语差和学生有限的单词量，害怕出错，没有集中注意力聆听和大部分的学生处于被动的状态有关。16E考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。我希望阐述一些中国的学生的口语不好的原因。找到原因后及时纠正，学生的口语就能得到完善，故选E。17C考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。上句提到学生难以采用合适的单词表达自己，原因是他们的单词量有限。那么，最佳方法就是扩大单词量，故选C。18F考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。下文提到学生由于过于害羞或紧张可能会犯错。本段讲述的是学生会害怕犯错，应选F。19A考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。上文提到如果你想和别人用英语交谈，那么最好的方法就是尽可能快地流利地说英语，不要在意口语中出现的小错误，故选A。20D考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。上文提到大部分的学生是被动学习，而不是积极主动地寻找机会说英语。如果有一个积极主动的态度，那么说英语的机会随处可见。.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)Once a boy really had everything he wanted，so he was 21 interested in the rarest (最稀有的) objects.One day he 22 a mysterious (神秘的) mirror and took it home.When he looked into the mirror，he found that his 23 looked very sad.He tried 24 ，but it remained the same.Surprised，the boy went off to buy some sweets.He went home and looked into the mirror as happily as possible， 25 he still looked sad.He bought all kinds of toys，but he looked forever 26 in that mirror.So the boy put the mirror away in a 27 “What a(n) 28 mirror! Ive never seen a mirror that didnt 29 properly！”That same afternoon he went out to play，but on his 30 to the park he saw a little girl crying loudly.So he went over to see what was happening.The little girl told him that she had 31 her parents.Together，they 32 in search of them.As the little girl continued crying，the boy 33 his money in buying sweets lo cheer her up. 34 ，after walking for a long time，they found her parents，who looked very worried.The boy said goodbye，and walked off towards the park.However， 35 the time，he decided to turn around and head 36 home，as he had no time to 37 At home，he went to his room and noticed a shining 38 in the corner where he had left the mirror.Seeing this，he went over to the mirror and 39 that the light was ing from his own body，because he was so happy about having helped that little girl.So he understood the mystery of that mirror，the only mirror reflecting (反映) faithfully (诚心诚意地) the 40 joy of its owner.【语篇解读】这篇文章讲了一个故事。曾经有个富裕的小男孩，只对稀罕的东西感兴趣。一天他找到了一面神奇的镜子。小男孩照了照镜子，本是一张高兴的脸，但镜子里显示的却是张伤心的脸。后来在他帮小女孩找父母的过程中小男孩花了钱，自己也没时间玩了，结果回到家镜子里却出现了一张高兴的脸。小男孩明白了，原来这面神奇的镜子照的是人的内心。21A.never BsometimesConly DseldomC他只对稀有的物品感兴趣。never决不，sometimes有时，only仅仅，seldom很少。22A.found BwantedCguessed DexpectedA一天他找到了一面神奇的镜子，并且把它带回家。find找到，want想要，guess猜测，expect盼望。23A.head BnoseCface DmouthC他发现自己的脸看起来却很悲伤。head头，nose鼻子，face 脸，mouth嘴。24A.smiling BshoutingCcrying DsmellingA他努力去笑，但是结果仍然一样。smile 笑，shout 大喊大叫，cry 哭， smell 闻。25A.and BsoCwhen DbutD他买了糖果回到家，尽可能高兴地看向镜子，但是镜子里依然是难过的表情。and 并且，so 所以，when当时，but但是。26A.sad BangryChappy DworriedA由he found that his 23 looked very sad.可知但是在那面镜子里，他看起来永远是那么悲伤。sad 悲伤的，angry 生气的，happy 高兴的，worried担心的。27A.corner BboxCroom DbagA由下文At home，he went to his room and noticed a shining 38 in the corner where he had left the mirror.可知填corner。28A.interesting BterribleCwonderful DdifficultB由Ive never seen a mirror that didnt 29 properly！可知这里意思是多么可怕的一面镜子。interesting有趣的，terrible 可怕的，wonderful 精彩的，difficult困难的。29A.move BlookCkeep DworkD我从来没有见过这么不正确工作的镜子。move 移动，look 看，keep 保持，work工作。30A.way BcourseCroad DlineA但是在他去公园的路上，他看到一个小女孩在大声地哭。on ones way to.在某人去某地的路上。31A.escaped BhatedCexcited DlostD由Together，they 32 in search of them.可知这个小女孩找不到她的父母了。escaped 逃跑，hated 憎恨，excited 激动，lost丢失。32A.set off Bset asideCset down Dset upA他们一起出发去寻找他们。set off出发，set aside 留出，set down 记下，set up建立。33A.took BcostCspent DheldC因为这个小女孩一直在哭，这个小男孩花钱给她买了糖果。spend money (in) doing sth.花钱做某事，是固定句型。34A.Finally BActuallyCNaturally DGenerallyA最后，在走了很长时间后，他们找到了她的父母。finally 最后，actually实际上，naturally 自然地，generally一般地。35A.telling BseeingCfeeling DpointingB由he decided to turn around and head 36 home，as he had no time to 37 可知他看了看时间。tell 告诉，see 看见，feel 感觉，point 指向。36A.in BforCoff DatB他决定转身回家。head for前往、出发，是固定短语。37A.talk BeatCplay DwalkC由That same afternoon he went out to play，可知他没有时间玩了。talk 说话， eat吃，play 玩，walk走。38A.light BmirrorCcolour DstarA由that the light was ing from his own body，可知他注意到了放镜子的地方发出一道光。light光，mirror镜子，colour 颜色，star星。39A.touched BinventedCimproved DrealisedD他意识到这道光来自于自己的身体。touch触摸， invent发明，improve 改进，realise意识到。40A.possible BtrueCstrange DmonB这面镜子诚心诚意地反映它主人真实的快乐。possible可能的，true真实的，strange奇怪的，mon普通的。.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)What is your favourite cartoon? It may be 41. (difficulty) for you to decide.But for pianist Lang Lang，Tom and Jerry is the best one.When Lang Lang 42. (be) two years old，he saw Tom playing 43. piano.This was his first time to enjoy western music and this experience encouraged him 44. (learn) to play the piano.His talent at the keyboard has taken him from Shenyang 45. the world.Lang became a good piano student at three.Ever since，the boy has been doing better 46. better.In 1997，the 15yearold boy studied at a