浙大新编大学英语第三册课件Unit.ppt

BookThree UnitSix ManandAnimals UnitSix Task1 Doyouknowthem Task2 ManandAnimals EnjoyJokesaboutAnimals MargewastellingherfriendGracehowshegetshersonoutofbedinthemorning Ijustopenhisdoorandtossthecatonhisbed Hesleepswithhisdog Task1 GuessingWork Doyouknowthem Wholeadsashortestlifeamongalltheanimalsintheworld Thestrongestmammalintheworld Whorunsfastestintheworld Themostcleveranimalintheworld Theheaviestoneintheworld Thetallestoneintheworld Task1 Clickthepicturetogettheanswer Task1 ListeningPractice AmericanBlackBears Questions writedownasmuchinformationaspossiblewhilelisteningtotheintroductionaboutAmericanblackbears Thenretellwhatyouhavelearnedfromitaccordingtothefollowinghints litter 干草 树叶 formidable 强大的 herb 草 woodchucks 旱獭 hibernate 冬眠 sustain 维持 thicket 灌木丛 gestation 妊娠 Words colorsizecharacterfoodlivinghabits Task1 Mostblackbearslivealone exceptduringmatingseason Theyprefertoliveincaves hollowlogs ordensethickets reference color size character food livinghabits Intheeasternpartoftheirrange mostofthemarebrown red orevenyellowcoats Tothenorth theblackbearisactuallygrayorwhiteincolor Eveninthesamelitter bothbrownandblackfurredbearsmaybeborn BlackbearsarethesmallestofallAmericanbears ranginginlengthfromfivetosixfeet weighingfromthreehundredtofivehundredpounds Likeallbears theblackbearistimid clumsy andrarelydangerous Blackbearsfeedonleaves herbs fruit berries insects fish andevenlargeranimals Task1 Americanblackbearsappearinavarietyofcolorsdespitetheirname Intheeasternpartoftheirrange mostofthesebearshaveshinyblackfur butinthewesttheygrowbrown red orevenyellowcoats Tothenorth theblackbearisactuallygrayorwhiteincolor Eveninthesamelitter bothbrownandblackfurredbearsmaybeborn BlackbearsarethesmallestofallAmericanbears ranginginlengthfromfivetosixfeet weighingfromthreehundredtofivehundredpounds Theireyesandearsaresmallandtheireyesightandhearingarenotasgoodastheirsenseofsmell Likeallbears theblackbearistimid clumsy andrarelydangerous butifattacked mostcanclimbtreesandcovergroundatgreatspeeds Whenangryorfrightened itisaformidableenemy Task1 Script Blackbearsfeedonleaves herbs fruit berries insects fish andevenlargeranimals Oneofthemostinterestingcharacteristicsofbears includingtheblackbear istheirwintersleep Unlikesquirrels woodchucks andmanyotherwoodlandanimals bearsdonotactuallyhibernate Althoughthebeardoesnoteatduringthewintermonths sustainingitselffrombodyfat itstemperatureremainsalmostnormal anditbreathesregularlyfourorfivetimesperminute Mostblackbearslivealone exceptduringmatingseason Theyprefertoliveincaves hollowlogs ordensethickets AlittleofonetofourcubsisborninJanuaryorFebruaryafteragestationperiodofsixtoninemonths andtheyremainwiththeirmotheruntiltheyarefullygrownoraboutoneandahalfyearsold Blackbearscanliveaslongasthirtyyearsinthewild andevenlongeringamepreservessetasideforthem Script InChina peoplecomparethemselvesorotherstothetwelveanimalsrepresentingtheyearinwhichapersonisbornaccordingtotheircharacteristics likeasfoolishasapig ThesamethinghappenedinWesterncountries Doyouknowwhattheseanimalsstandforrespectively Task1 Clickthepicturetogettheanswer Task1 Enjoyajoke Therewasamanwhosedogdied Beforeheburiedthedog hetookthedogtothevettoseeifthedogwasreallydead Thevetsays Puthimonthetable Heopenedadoor acatwalkedaroundthedogonceandreturnedinsidethelittleboxandthevetclosedthedoor Thevetsaid Yes yourdog sdead that llbe200dollars 200dollars themansaid Don tyouthinkthat salittlebitexcessivejusttotellmemydog sdead Thevetsaid Well it s40dollarsformyfee 160forthecatscan TaskTwo ManandAnimals PictureDescribing Lookatthecartoonpicture anddescribeittoyourclassmates Themostexpressiveandvividdescriptionwillwin Task2 Debate ShouldAnimalsBeTrainedtoAmuseHumanBeings Alongtimeago peoplebegantodomesticateanimalstododifferentthingsforthem Dogs cats andthelikegraduallyenterintopeople slives Thefollowingvideoclipwilltellusthestorybetweenmanandcats Afterwatchingthemovie holdadebatewithyourclassmatesonwhetheritisrighttodomesticatecatsandotheranimalstoamusehumanbeings VideoClip Task2 VideoClip Task2 Clicktostopandclickagaintocontinue Proverbs Hairbyhairyouwillpulloutthehorse stail 一根一根拔 拔光马尾巴 水滴石穿 Arunninghorseneedsnospur 奔马无需鞭策 Thetortoisewinstheracewhilethehareissleeping 兔子睡懒觉 乌龟跑赢了 Ifwaterisnoisy therearenofishinit 咆哮的水中无鱼 夸夸其谈者无真才实学 Birdsofafeatherflocktogether 物以类聚 人以群分 Task2 In ClassReadingAggressioninHumansandAnimals Workingroupstoanswerthefollowingquestions Animalsareaggressivewhentheyarefrightened whentheywanttoprotecttheiryoung whentheyareattackedorhurt andwhentheyareputinacornerorasmallspace Whenareanimalsaggressive Sample Peoplemaybehaveaggressivelytowardeachother Whatwillmandoiftheyliveincrowdedcities Sample Theencouragementofcompetitioninallpossiblefieldswoulddiminishthelikelihoodofpeople saggressivebehavior Whenpeopletakepartsininternationalcompetitionsinsportsorforthebestdesignedhouse orthesafestcar theycanchanneltheiraggressionintonon violentcompetitionandconstructiveactivity Whatisthepossiblesolutionforman shostilityandaggression Sample Introduction Para 1 Manmustbethemostaggressiveandcruelofalllivingcreatures Thecomparisonofaggressioninanimalsandhumanbeings Para 2 4 Ananimalmayshowabnormalaggressivenessinabnormalconditions Para 2 B Humanaggression Para 3 C Thereasonsforhumanaggression Para 4 Solutionstotheproblem Para 5 Onlyifhostilityandaggressioncanbeexpressedinconstructiveactivityandnon violentcompetition willthehumanracebeabletosurvive 1 Nevertheless shouldafightfollow neithercreaturewillbebadlyhurt fortheloserwillsavehimselfbymakingagestureofsubmission Line5 2 Ifithadnothadthisdisabilityitwouldhaveundoubtedlystayedinthejungleandhuntedforfoodinthecustomaryway Line12 Ifthehumanpopulationhadnotincreasedsorapidly peoplewouldhavehadmorespaceandfreedom Line23 3 Ifthecagedlion forexample werefreetowanderonthegrassyplainsofAfrica itwouldbecontinuallyactive rangingoverlongdistances huntinginfamilygroups Line15 此三类句子体现了虚拟语气的三种时态变化 第1句中 shouldafightfollow 是表示将来情况的虚拟语气 意思为 ifafightshouldfollow 句中省略了 if 将 should 提前 构成倒装 表示 万一 一旦 的意思 值得注意的是本句中的主句部分未使用虚拟语气 2 第二部分这两句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气 这类句子 从句用 had 动词过去分词 主句用 would should could might have 动词过去分词 3 第3句是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气 从句用 did were 主句用 would should could might 动词原型 Everything bedestroyed ifAlberthadn tcalledthefirebrigade Fillintheblankswiththeverbsinthesubjectivemood Exercise Ifwehadbeenmorecareful we get muchbetterresultsnow IfIhadn tpracticedwhenIwasyounger themusiciansays I notbe abletoplaysowellnow wouldhavebeendestroyed wouldhavegot wouldn tbe heleave today hewouldgettherebyFriday Werehetoleave Ifmanwerenotaggressivebynature he be happierbutlesscreative wouldbe Normallyoneanimalwillonlykillanotherforfood andrarelydoesananimalkillamemberofitsownspecies Line6 Onlyifhostilityandaggressioncanbeexpressedinconstructiveactivityandnon violentcompetition willthehumanracebeabletosurvive Line61 1 句首是否定词或词组 如rarely never little few seldom nolonger invain atnotime notuntil nowhere onnoaccount 以及nota single 名词构成的宾语位于句首 或者句首是nosooner than scarcely hardly when notonly butalso等连词词组 以上两句都是部分倒装 助动词提前 实义动词仍在主语之后 的句子 这两种倒装现象总结如下 双重间谍一言不发 BeijinghasreiteratedthatundernocircumstanceswillChinausenuclearweaponsfirst Notasingleworddidthedoublespyutter 中国政府一再重申 在任何情况下 中国将不首先使用核武器 Example 她刚出门 就有个学生来访 Nosoonerhadshegoneoutthanastudentcametovisither Onlyunderspecialcircumstancesarestudentspermittedtograduateinadvance 只有校方有决定权 只有在特殊情况下 学生才被准许提前毕业 Onlyschoolauthorityhasthefinalsay Example 2 句首是Only 状语 从句 副词 介词短语 注 Only 主语不倒装 Atigerthatoncecameoutofthejungleintoavillageandattackedamanwaslaterfoundtohaveaninjuredpawthathadevidentlypreventeditfromhuntingitsusualprey Line10 此句中两个that从句都是定语从句 本文作者多用主从复合句来表达事物内部错综复杂的逻辑关系 体现了文章逻辑思维缜密的特点 译文 请将上面的主从复合句译成译语 提示 英译汉时句子顺序不一定对应 另外汉语多用流水句 小句 Exercise 有一只老虎从丛林跑到村庄来 袭击了人 人们后来发现原来它的爪子受了伤 使它显然不能像平时那样去猎食 Atigerthatoncecameoutofthejungleintoavillageandattackedamanwaslaterfoundtohaveaninjuredpawthathadevidentlypreventeditfromhuntingitsusualprey Line10 Itisnotsurprisingifsth happens如果发生了什么事 人们不会感到吃惊 译文 Itisnotsurprisingifintheseconditionspeoplebehaveaggressivelytowardseachother Line31 Example 他过去说谎太多 如果人们现在不信任他也是毫不为奇的 Hehastoldsomanyliesinthepast it snotsurprisingifpeopledon ttrusthimnow 在日本 如果妇女生了小孩后永远地辞去工作 这一点也不奇怪 ItisnotsurprisinginJapanifawomanquitsherjobpermanentlyafterhavingachild 在这种条件下 人们之间变得寻衅好斗也就不足为奇了 Itisnotsurprisingifintheseconditionspeoplebehaveaggressivelytowardseachother Line31 aggression n Title 侵略 敌对的情绪或行为 攻击行动 构词法 adj aggressive Line1 Para 1 好争吵的 有进取心的 有冲劲的 adv aggressively好斗地 挑衅性地 好争吵地 n aggressiveness敌对情绪 n aggressor 正式 贬义 侵略者 男孩子总是通过打架来表现他们的敌对情绪 他现在好像不那么咄咄逼人了 Heappearedtobenowinalessaggressivemood Boysusuallyexpresstheiraggressionbyhittingeachother Translation 一个积极进取的年轻人在这所大学里是会大有作为的 Anaggressiveyoungmancangofarinthisuniversity 请了解以下常见表达 anaggressionuponone sright 侵害某人的权利 commitaggressionagainst 对 进行侵略 airaggression 侵犯领空 空中侵袭 commercial cultural economicaggression 商业 文化 经济侵略 anaggressiononsb spersonalliberty 对某人人身自由的侵犯 territorial adj Line3 Para 1 1 守卫自身活动地域的 领域性的2 领土的 属地的 请了解以下常见表达 领土主权 territorialright 领土争端 territorialdisputes 领土扩张 territorialexpansion 领土完整 territorialintegrity 地盘性动物 territorialanimals territory n Line3 Para 1 1 C U landruledbyonegovernment领土 版图2 arearegardedbyaperson animalasbelongingtoitalone地盘 领地3 areaofknowledgeoractivity 知识或活动的 范围 领域 请完成下面的句子 Exercise 他的研究兴趣甚广 Hisscientificinterests 他们解放了被占领土 Theyliberated theoccupiedterritories coverawideterritory intrude v Line3 Para 1 into on upon bringorcomeinwhennotwanted闯入 侵入 打扰 Exercise 如果他们很忙 我就不打扰他们了 Idon twantto themiftheyarebusy intrudeon 请完成下面的句子 这一儿时回忆不时地闯入她的脑海 Thememoryofherchildhood hermind keptintrudingitself into 他总是把自己的意见强加于人 Heisalways hisopinion others intruding upon intrusion n 闯入 侵入 打扰 intruder n 侵入者 闯入者 词汇扩充 intrusive adj 闯入的 侵入的 打扰的 近义词辨析 interfere指干扰 妨碍别人的行动或某事的进行 常用作贬义词 intrude多指未经允许而闯入或对他人事务进行干涉 interrupt多用于指突然介入而使正在进行的事情中断 也可表示阻断 妨碍 请选择intrude interfere或interrupt的适当形式完成句子 Exercise 一架不明国籍的军用飞机侵入我国领空 Anunidentifiedmilitaryplane theairspaceofourcountry 敲门声打断了他的思考 Aknockatthedoor hisconcentration 青年人不希望父母过多地干涉自己的事情 Yongpeopledon twanttheirparentsto toomuchwiththeirpersonalbusiness interfere intrudedinto interrupted submission Line6 Para 1 submit v 1 to yieldoneself agreetoobey服从 顺从2 to offerforconsideration呈送 提交 submission n 1 服从 顺从2 呈送 提交 提出 submissive adj 恭顺的 归顺的 submissively adv 恭顺地 归顺地 T Hi boysandgirls howareyougoingtocelebratetheNewYear sDay S Oh Mr Smith we rethinkingaboutamasquerade 化妆舞会 party T Thatsoundsgreat ButIamafraidyouhaveto 提交计划 toyouradministrator 请根据以下模拟语境填空 Exercise 学生 教师 教师要求提交新年晚会计划 submittheplan 请根据以下模拟语境填空 Exercise Son Mum Iwillnot 服从 becauseofthefollowingpoints First Mum OK Youdon thaveto 服从 tome Butcanwediscuss 儿子 母亲 服从父母管教 submitmyselftoyou showsubmission constructive adj Line36 Para 4 havingagoodeffectorlikelytoproducegoodresults建设性的 有益的 建设性意见 会议 大火 森林 破坏性的影响 Thefirecauseddestructiveeffectstotheforest Johnmadeanumberofveryconstructivesuggestionsatthemeeting 反义词destructive adj Line37 Para 4 causingdestruction破坏的 毁坏的 请用以下提示词造句 Exercise assert v Line38 Para 4 1 assertoneself sayclearlywhatyouthink坚持自己的想法 权利 意见2 stateordeclareforcefully断言 宣称 声明 assertion n that aforcefulstatementorclaim断言 强硬声明 assertive adj forceful expressingstrongopinionsorclaims断言的 武断的 请完成下面的句子 Exercise Don tbesoshy Youneedtolearnto 坚持自己的主张 TheConsumerAssociationtrieditsbestto 维护消费者的权利 asserttheconsumers rights assertyourself He thathewasnotguilty 一再声明他的无辜 repeatedhisassertions Youcouldn tfailtonoticethat 那个说话武断的青年人 assertiveyoungman 在旧式政治制度下 权力集中在一个人手里 Theprojectcentralizesthetechnicalelitesofthecountry 这一工程集中了全国的技术精英 Undertheoldpoliticalsystempowerwascentralizedinthehandsofoneperson Translation centralized adj Line42 Para 4 集中的 centralize v gatherundercentralcontrol集中 centralization n 集中 A Ireallycan tunderstandwhyyouchosethiscourse Isit B Thecourseisbeneficialbecauseyoumay lotsofmodernconceptsfromit A Thoughbeneficial thecourseishardto B Whydon tyoutryonce Maybeyou llfindit snotthatdifficult absorb v Line45 Para 4 1 takeorsuckin吸收2 in by takeupalltheattentionof吸引注意力 请根据以下模拟语境填空 Exercise 课程 吸收 absorbing absorb absorb 请根据以下模拟语境填空 Exercise A Thetitleofthelecture people sattention B Notthetopicitself Thisproblemconcerned evenexperts attention 引起关注 absorbed absorbs channel v Line47 Para 4 1 into direct引导 导向2 formachannelin 在 上形成槽或沟 他们把水引到地里 知识将人类引向文明 Knowledgechannelshumanbeingsintocivilization Theychannelledthewaterinto towardsthefield Translation 我们应该给这条街开辟水道 以便水能畅通地流走 Weoughttochannelthisstreetsothatwatercanflowawayeasily channel n 河床 航道 沟渠 海峡 频道 喻 途径 方法 手段 人们希望通过外交 正当途径解决这一问题 Peoplehopetosolvetheproblemthroughdiplomatic properchannels Translation findexpressionin Line49 Para 4 在 中找到表达方式 以 方式表达 请完成下面的句子 Exercise 他的情感最终由眼泪表现了出来 Hisfeelingsatlast 他们的个人主义在他的作品 举止中表现了出来 Theirindividualism foundexpressioninhisworks found expressionintears behavior Manmustbethemostaggressiveandcruelofalllivingcreatures Inthezooitisprobablybetterfedandcaredfor toperformsomehostilegestures 人类肯定是所有动物中最好斗和最残忍的 在动物园里 也许它吃得更好 能得到精心的照料 做一些表示敌意的姿态 Butitisevidentlyboredandfrustratedforlackofcompany 但是 由于离群索居 它显然会感到倦怠 情绪沮丧 toassertoneself aself employedcraftsman 坚持自己的权利和主张 个体手工业者 Heisthemasterofhisowntrade 他是他本行业的能工巧匠 tochanneltheaggressionintocreativework 将争强好斗的特性发挥在创造性的工作上 名词性从句翻译 1 主语从句的翻译宾语从句的翻译 名词性从句翻译 1 英语中的名词性从句主要包括主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句和同位语从句 在翻译此类从句时 可以采用直译法 倒译法 或者采用分译法 一 主语从句的翻译在主语从句的翻译中 主要包括以下两种翻译考查点 以 what whatever whoever 等代词引导的主语从句 代词 it 引导的主语从句的翻译 1 以 what whatever whoever 等代词引导的主语从句的翻译方法常见句型结构 What Whatever Whoever 从句谓语 从句其他成分 主句谓语 主句其他成分 可以分别翻译成 所 的 东西 所 的一切 一切 的人 有时也可将 所 省略 Whatishardistodogoodallone slifeandneverdoanythingbad Thatweneedmoreequipmentisquiteobvious 所 难的是一辈子做好事 不做坏事 直译法 Whatevermeasureswetakemustbeinunitywiththegeneralpoliciesofthecentralgovernment 我们 所 采取的任何措施都应该与中央政府的总政策相一致 直译法 我们需要更多的设备 这点显而易见 分译法 Itisnotknownhowrarethisresemblanceis orwhetheritissimilartothatofdiamond 现在 尚不清楚这种相似性究竟多么罕见 也不知道它是否与金刚石类似 直译法 增词法 2 代词 it 引导的主语从句的翻译常见句型结构 1 It 谓语动词 Itisknown rumored warned reportedtosaythat 可将 it 省略 通过直译法或增词法进行翻译 Itisverylikelythattheirteamwillgetaheadofus 很可能他们小组会赶到我们前头去 省略法 2 It 形容词 Itislikely wrong natural strangethat 可省略 it 将likely等词用作状语 Itisapointofhonorthatthecustomerkeepstheshopkeeperguessingatwhatitisshelikesandwantsuntilthelastmoment 顾客一直让店主猜测她到底喜欢什么 想买什么 直到最后一刻 这事很值得骄傲 倒译法 3 It 其他 doesn tmatter doesn tmaketoomuchdifference isoflittlevalue seemsatruth occurstome isamatteroffactthat 翻译这类主语从句时 可按照主语在前的顺序进行翻译 亦可变换顺序 置主语从句于主句之后 将 it 翻译为 这 二 宾语从句的翻译在宾语从句的翻译中 主要包括以下两种翻译考查点 以 that what how 等引导的宾语从句 用 it 作形式宾语 Thesescientistsdecidedtofindoutwhether asmanysmokerssay smokinghelpsthemto thinkandconcentrate 这些科学家想要证实是否如许多吸烟者所说吸烟有助于他们思考并集中注意力 直译法 1 以 that what how 等引导的宾语从句 2 代词 it 引导的宾语从句的翻译在中文译文中 形式宾语 it 常因中文表达习惯而省略 Itookhiswordforitthathewouldtryhisbesttohelpus 他说他要想尽一切办法帮助我们 我相信他说的是真心话 省略法 Ihearditsaidthatthisbigstarhasgreatconcernsabouthisfans 我听说这位巨星很关心他的追星族 省略法 写作实践 ShouldAnimalsBeTrainedtoHelpHumans 相关链接 1 我们通常训练动物帮我们干活 2 不应该让动物帮助人类工作 3 动物应该拥有与人类同样的平等生存权利 Directions Writeacompositiononthetopic ShouldAnimalsBeTrainedtoHelpHumans Yourcompositionshouldbenolessthan120wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese ShouldAnimalsBeTrainedtoHelpHumans Forthousandsofyearsmanyanimalshavebeentrainedtodoallsortsofjobsforhumanbeingsallovertheworld Horsesandcowshelpfarmerswiththeirfarming Elephantsandcamelsareoftenseencarryingheavyloadfortheirhumanmasters Monkeysaretrainedasservants dogsashuntersandsniffers anddolphinsassoldiers Weshouldnottrainanimalstoworkforhumans forwehavenorighttotakeadvantageofthem Whenweforcethemtoserveus theyhavenofreedomandarelikeslaves What smore alotofanimalslosetheirliveswhentheyworkforhumans But itseemsthathumanbeingsdon tcareabouttheirlivesatall Weshownomercytoanimalswhentheyhavedonesomuchforus Wearecold bloodedcreaturesandweshouldcriticizeourselves Asweknow bothhumansandanimalsarecreaturesofnatureandweareequals Lifebelongstousonlyonceandthereforeitispriceless anditisalsotruewithanimals Ifwehavetherighttochooseourfate sodoanimals Beastsshouldbeallowedtorunfreelyovergreatdistancesandbirdsflyfreelyinthebluesky Whentheyareinnature theyareactiveandabletoliveanormallife Insummary weshouldtreatanimalsinthesamewaywetreatotherpeople andfurthermore weshouldgiveanimalstheirfreedom I GRE作文题目 Atvarioustimesinthegeologicalpast manyspecieshavebecomeextinctasaresultofnatural ratherthanhuman processes Thus thereisnojustificationforsocietytomakeextraordinaryefforts especiallyatagreatcostinmoneyandjobs tosaveendangeredspecies II IELTS作文题目1 Somepeoplethinkthatanimalsshouldbetreatedasfriends Yetothersonlyconsideranimalsassourcesoffoodandclothing Whatisyouropinion III IELTS作文题目2 Nowadaysliveanimalsareusedinscientificresearch Somepeoplethinkitisverycruelandunnecessary Howeverothersbelievethatitisjustifiedintheinterestofthehumanbeings Pleasediscussonbothsides ThanksforYourAttention