资源描述
宾语从句一、宾语从句宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在复合句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。中考对宾语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面：1. 引导宾语从句的连接代词和连接副词的选择；2. 宾语从句的语序；3. 宾语从句的时态。二、宾语从句的引导词从属连词含义或指代在从句中充当的成分that无含义不充当成分，可省略whether / if“是否”不充当成分连接代词who 主格whom 宾格whatwhichwhose代人代人代物代人、代物代人、代物主语、宾语、表语宾语、表语主语、宾语、表语主语、宾语、表语、定语主语、宾语、表语、定语连接副词whenwherewhy how代时间代地点代原因代方式时间状语地点状语原因状语方式状语三、用法1、宾语从句的引导词（1）that 无意义，不充当成分，常可省略。Betty thinks that trees improves the air. 贝蒂认为树可以改善空气。I hope that it will snow this winter. 我希望今年冬天能下雪。I believe that well bee good friends. 我相信我们会成为好朋友。注：that引导的宾语从句跟在think, believe, suppose, expect等表示个人意见的词（认为、相信、觉得、以为）后，且主句主语是第一人称时，句子的否定应体现在主句上。比如：I dont think he has time to play chess with you. 我认为他没有时间和你下棋。I dont suppose it is the rush hour yet. 我想还没到上下班的高峰期。（2）whether/if “是否”，不充当成分。I cant remember whether/if I have seen him before. 我记不清以前是否见过他。He asks whether/if we will go fishing on Sunday. 他问周日我们是否会出去钓鱼。Tom wants to know whether/if he needs to e early tomorrow. 汤姆想知道明天他是否有必要早来。He doesnt know whether they will plant trees on Saturday or not. 他不知道他们周六是否会去植树。注：l 在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导。例：Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 2 宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导。 例：I dont know whether the movie star will e or not. 3 和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导。 例：We havent decided whether to go there or not. （3）连接代词：who, whom, what, which, whoseDo you know who is the monitor of Class Two? 你知道谁是2班的班长吗？Can you tell me who/whom you are going with? 你能告诉我你要和谁一起去吗？I dont know what the girls name is? 我不知道那个女孩叫什么。Do you know which class he is in? 你知道他在哪个班吗？I want to know whose bag it is. 我想知道这是谁的书包。（4）连接副词：when, where, why, howDo you know when we will hold the sports meeting? 你知道我们什么时候开运动会吗？They havent decided where they should go for the holiday. 他们还没有确定到什么地方去旅行。I cant understand why they like puter games so much. 我不理解他们为什么如此喜欢电脑游戏。He asked how they went to the airport yesterday. 他问他们昨天怎么去的机场。I cant image how excited they were. 2、宾语从句的三种情况（1）作动词的宾语Everyone knows that he is a good students. （2）作介词的宾语。比如：This depends on how hard you work. （3）作形容词的宾语。比如：They are sure that they can do the job well.3、宾语从句的时态主句从句一般现在时一般现在时现在进行时一般过去时现在完成时一般将来时一般过去时一般过去时过去将来时过去进行时过去完成时4、宾语从句的时态转换一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时 过去完成时现在进行时 过去进行时现在完成时 过去完成时一般将来时 过去将来时随堂练习（一）改写句子1. He is a good student. I think _.I thought_.2. He often does sports in the afternoon. I know_.I knew_.3. The earth circles the sun.Our teacher often tells us _.Our teacher told us _.1. Is he a teacher. I want to know _.I wanted to know _.2. Does he often go to school by bus?Can you tell me _.Could you tell me _.3. Have you heard from him.Can you tell me _.I wanted to know _.4. Will you encourage him to go surfing. Can you tell me _.I didnt know _.5. Is he decorating the Christmas Tree or not.I want to know _.I didnt know _.1. Where are you from? I want to know _.I wanted to know _.2. Whats your name?I want to know _.I didnt know _.3. Whats the population of China.I want to know _.I wanted to know _.4. Why did you plant the tree in the garden.Please tell me _.5. When are you going to have the meeting.I want to know _.I wanted to know _.（二）区别1. Who are you waiting for?I wanted to know _. Who is waiting for you?I wanted to know _.2. What is your favourite sport?I want to know _. What make you cry?I wanted to know _.3. How many students are there in the class.I wonder_. How many students have been to the Great Wall.Did you know _. How many students do you have?I wondered _.4. Which coat do you want to buy?I want to know_. Which coat cost you five yuan.Please tell me _.（三）选择填空1. Do you know _? Im going to see him. Sorry,I dont know. A where does Mr Li liveB where did Mr Li liveC where Mr Li livesD where Mr Li lived2. Do you know _? Hes Toms father. A. who is heB. what he isC. whats heD. who he is3. Excuse me, could you tell me _ get to the plane? Certainly. Go straight along here.A. how can weB. how we canC. when can weD. when we can4. Its not polite to ask people _ in England. A. how much money they have gotB. what the weather is likeC. what your city looks likeD. how old are they5. Did he tell you _ at the school gate?A. who he waited forB. who he is waitingC. who did he wait forD. who he was waiting6. Be careful! Dont break the bottle. Do you hear _ I said, David? Yes ,mum.A. whatB. that C. whyD. if7. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shopkeeper _ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book.A. thatB. howC. whatD. if8. What did your son say in the letter? He told me that he _ in the Disney World the next day. A. will visitB. has visitedC. is going to visitD. would visit9. I dont know if he _. He will e if it _. A es; wont rainB will e; doesnt rainC es; doesnt rainD will e; wont rain10. Can I help you ? Yes, can you tell me _?A how can I use the telephoneB where is the washing roomC which is the most popular bookD when is the shop closed11. I wanted to know _. A which room did Tom liveB which room did Tom live inC which room Tom livedD which room Tom lived in（4）汉译英语以what 连接的宾语从句可以翻译成“所的”，相当于汉语中的的字结构。1. 我喜欢他喜欢的，我讨厌他讨厌的。_2. 我想吃昨天他给我的。_3. I cant believe what he said = I cant believe his _.4. 他所说的话使我惊奇。_ _ _ surprised me.（5）疑问词连接的宾语从句有时可以转换成疑问词加动词不定式1. I dont know which coat I should buy = I dont know_.2. Pease tell me how I can get to the station. = Please tell me _ the station. 3. I dont know what I will say. = I dont know _. 5. Could you tell me which sweat I should buy? Could you tell me _?6. I told him how he could work it out. = I told him _.
展开阅读全文