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Unit 4(时间：40分钟满分：45分).单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)1Was the proposal passed at yesterdays meeting? Yes, but some members at the committee expressed_.(2012潍坊市寿光现代中学高三检测)Aassociations BauthorityCcorporations Dreservations答案D考查名词词义辨析。association社团；联盟；authority权力；权威；corporation公司；法人；reservation(保留)意见；异议。句意：但是委员会的有些成员表示保留意见。2At the class meeting, some top students introduced several_to the study of English.Aapproaches BmeansCmethods Dways答案A 考查名词与介词的搭配。approach to sth/doing sth做某事的方法；by means of/by this means/by that means通过某种方式；with the method of.用的方法；way to do./of doing 做的方式或方法。句意：在班会上，几个学习优秀的同学介绍了他们学习英语的方法。3At the conference, political leaders from many countries promised to work together to defend the world_terrorism and other threats.Afor BwithoutCbeyond Dagainst答案D考查动词与介词的搭配。defend against/with.保护免受的伤害。句意：会议上，来自多个国家的政治领导人承诺携手保护全球免受恐怖活动和其他威胁的伤害。4When the headmaster spoke out his plan，the_of the students in the class_against it.Amajority; were Bmost; wereCmost; did Dmajority; did答案A考查固定搭配和主谓一致。the majority of“大多数的”，修饰可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数。故选A。句意：当校长说出他的计划后，班上的大多数学生都反对。5_，I can see that those terrible events shaped me into the person I am today.AHaving looked backBLooking backCBeing looking backDTo be looking back答案B考查非谓语动词用法。look back与句子的谓语动词see同时发生，故应用现在分词的一般式作状语，表时间。looking back相当于when I look back。句意：回过头来看一看，我认为是这些可怕的事件使我成为了今天的样子。6What do you suppose_her look so upset?_by her boyfriend again.Amade; She was misunderstoodBhad made; Having been misunderstoodChas made; Being misunderstoodDmade; Misunderstood答案C句意：你认为是什么使她看上去如此难过？是再一次被她的男朋友误解了。由句意知第一个空应用现在完成时表示某事对现在的影响；第二个空回答第一句话询问的主语what，用动名词的被动形式，因为misunderstand 与she之间是动宾关系。7Those who are of great determination are_to make great achievement.(2012白鹭洲中学高三月考)Apossibly BlikelyCprobably Dmaybe答案B考查固定搭配。be likely to do.“有可能”。句意：那些意志坚定的人有可能取得巨大的成就。8_，the northerners like noodles while the southerners are fond of rice in China.AIn general BIn totalCIn other words DIn all答案A考查副词短语。A项意为“一般说来”，相当于generally speaking；B项意为“总计；总共”；C项意为“换句话说”；D项意为“总共；合计”。句意：一般说来，在中国，北方人喜欢吃面条，而南方人则喜欢吃米饭。9Many studies already link the first meal of the day to better classroom_.(2012湖北省八市高三联考)Aperformance BfunctionCbehavior Ddisplay答案A考查名词词义辨析。performance表现；表演；function功能；作用；behavior行为；举止。句意：很多的研究把早餐与当天的更好的课堂表现联系在一起。10Thinking about the fact that I was not prepared well enough, and_to lose my face, I gave up this years civil service exam.Adidnt want Bnot wantedCnot wanting Dnot to want答案C考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，应用and连接wanting与前面的thinking，作并列的原因状语。句意：考虑到我还没有做好准备，并且也不想丢脸，我放弃了今年的公务员考试。11When _ the office, I found the naughty boy_beside my desk, trembling.Aentered; standing Bentering; stoodCentered; stood Dentering; standing答案D考查非谓语动词用法。enter与句子主语I之间是主动关系，故应用whenv.ing形式作时间状语；naughty boy与stand之间同样存在主动关系，故应用v.ing形式作宾语补足语。句意：当我走进办公室时，我发现那个淘气的男孩站在我的办公桌旁，浑身发抖。12Hey, Mike. An Indian man recently sang for 80 hours straight, setting a new Guinness world record.Really? Its really a(an)_feat(本事)(2012西南师大附中学高三期中)Aextraordinary BcuriousCspecial Dintelligent答案A考查形容词辨析。extraordinary非凡的；杰出的；curious好奇的；special特别的；intelligent聪明的；明智的；句意：嗨，迈克，最近有一个印度人连续唱歌80小时，创造了新的吉尼斯世界纪录。真的吗？这真是了不起的本事。可知应选A项。13At the Qiantang River on September 24th, the tidal bore, a name for a large column of water produced by the tide，_as high as 1.9 metres，_the start of the autumn flood period of the river.Areaching; marking Breached; to markCreaching; to mark Dreached; marking答案D句意：涌潮是因潮水产生的巨大水柱的名字。9月24日，钱塘江涌潮高达1.9米， 标志着该河流秋季汛期的到来。结合句意，分析句子结构可知，第一个空用reached作句子谓语，第二个空用现在分词marking作伴随状语。14Furniture and floor usually come to mind when we think of ways to use bamboo. Not many of us, _， think of bamboo clothing.(2012江苏南通市高三模拟)Atherefore Bthus Cthough Dmeanwhile答案C考查副词用法。由句意“当我们想到竹子的用途的时候，通常会想到家具和地板。然而，我们没有多少人会想到竹子做的衣服。”可知，应用though表转折，意为“而，然而”。15_ she come to see you today?Of course, please. And I would rather she told me the truth.AShall BCan CWill DShould答案A考查情态动词。shall与第三人称连用，用在一般疑问句中表示征求对方许可。句意：要她今天来见你吗？当然了。我想让她告诉我真相。.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)Most parents，I suppose，have had the experience of reading a bedtime story to their children.And they must have _16_ how difficult it is to write a _17_ childrens book.Either the author has aimed too _18_，so that children fail to follow what is in his(or her)story，_19_ the story seems to be talking to readers.The best childrens books are _20_ too difficult nor too simple，and satisfy both the _21_ who hears the story and the adult who reads it.Unfortunately，there are in fact _22_ books like this，so the problem of finding the right bedtime story is not _23_ to solve.It may be true that many books regarded as _24_ of childrens literature are in fact written for _25_.Alices Adventure in Wonderland is perhaps the most _26_ of this.Children often _27_ the least possible interest in literature.Just leave a child in a bookshop or _28_ and he will _29_ willingly choose the books written in an imaginative way，or have a look _30_ childrens comics，full of stories and jokes，which teachers and many parents _31_ to.Perhaps we parents should stop trying to brainwash children into _32_ our taste in literature.After all，children and adults are so_33_ that we parents should not expect that children will enjoy the _34_ books.So I _35_ well just have to compromise on the bedtime story.【解题导语】 本文主要探讨了什么样的书才是孩子真正需要的。作者认为父母不能把自己的思想强加给孩子，要尊重孩子的选择。16A.hoped Brealized Ctold Dsaid答案B考查动词。根据下文的内容可知，此处表示家长们一定意识到写出一本好的儿童读物是多么的难。realize意为“意识到”。17A.short Blong Cgood Dbad答案C考查形容词。解析见上题。18A.easily Bshortly Chigh Ddifficultly答案C考查形容词。根据“so that children fail to follow what is in his(or her)story”可知，孩子们难以理解故事内容，由此可以推断出，有的作者写作的目标定得太“高”了。19A.and Bbut Cso Dor答案D考查语境与固定搭配。根据上文中的either可知，应用or。either.or.是固定搭配，表示“或者或者”。20A.both Bneither Ceither Dall答案B考查固定搭配。此处表示最好的儿童读物既不太难也不太简单。根据下文中的nor可知应用neither，构成neither.nor.的固定搭配，意为“既不也不”。21A.child Bfather Cmother Dteacher答案A考查名词。根据语境和常识可知，听故事的应该是孩子，故用child，与后文的adult相对应。22A.few Bmany Clittle Dmuch答案A考查形容词。不幸的是，事实上能达到这样的标准的书很少。根据“Unfortunately”一词可知，此处应该用含否定意义的形容词few来修饰books。23A.hard Beasy Cenough Dfast答案B考查形容词。根据上文可知，好的儿童读物很少，因此找到合适的睡前故事书不“容易”，所以答案为B。24A.passages Bessays Carts Dworks答案D考查名词。根据下文所举的例子可知，这里指的是儿童“文学作品”。works“作品”。25A.adults Bgirls Cboys Dchildren答案A考查名词。根据上文的内容可判断出，很多儿童读物孩子们看不懂，实际上却是给“成年人”看的。26A.positive Bhidden Cobvious Dsimple答案C考查形容词。根据上下文意思可知，此处表示爱丽丝梦游仙境就是典型代表。obvious意为“明显的”。27A.are Bshow Cfind Dadd答案B考查动词。根据常识可知，孩子们对文学并不是很感兴趣。show interest in意为“对感兴趣”。28A.school Bhome Coffice Dlibrary答案D考查名词。此处表示把孩子们留在一个书店或图书馆。or连接的词语应该意思相近，由bookshop可知答案为library。29A.more Bless Cmuch Dbe答案A考查上下文语境。孩子们更愿意选择那些富有想象力的作品。此处应用比较级，与上文中的literature形成对比。30A.over Bfor Cat Dacross答案C考查固定短语。孩子的另一个选择是看儿童连环画。have a look at意为“看一看”。31A.love Binterest Cobject Dread答案C考查名词。这些书都是老师和很多父母反对孩子们看的书。object意为“反对”。32A.receiving Baccepting Chaving Drefusing答案B考查动词。我们家长应该停止给孩子们洗脑使他们“接受”；自己的文学爱好。accept指主观“接受”，receive指客观“收到”。33A.same Bfriendly Cdifferent Dcommon答案C考查形容词。根据上文和常识可知，大人和孩子的趣味是不一样的，所以用different。34A.common Baverage Cspecial Dsame答案D考查形容词。此处表示父母不应该期望孩子们和他们喜欢“一样的”书。35A.find Brecognize Csuppose Dknow答案C考查动词。下文表达的是作者的观点：我们家长应该在睡前故事上让步，即尊重孩子自己的选择。suppose意为“认为”。.阅读理解(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)Language learning begins with listening.Children are greatly different in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking, and later starters are often long listeners.Most children will “obey” spoken instructions some time before they can speak, though the word “obey” is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the child.Before they can speak, many children will also ask questions by gesture and by making questioning noises.Any attempt to study the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves as particularly expressive as delight, pain, friendliness, and so on. But since these cant be said to show the babys intention to communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new words to their store. This selfimitation(模仿)leads on to deliberate(有意的)imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech.It is a problem we need to get our teeth into. The meaning of a word depends on what a particular person means by it in a particular situation and it is clear that what a child means by a word will change as he gains more experience of the world.Thus the use at seven months of “mama” as a greeting for his mother cannot be dismissed as a meaningless sound simply because he also uses it at other times for his father, his dog, or anything else he likes. Playful and meaningless imitation of what other people say continues after the child has begun to speak for himself, I doubt, however whether anything is gained when parents take advantage of this ability in an attempt to teach new sounds.36Before children start speaking_.Athey need equal amount of listeningBthey need different amounts of listeningCthey are all eager to cooperate with the adults by obeying spoken instructionsDthey cant understand and obey the adults oral instructions答案B根据第一段“Children are greatly different in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking”，可直接得到答案；C选项错在all。37Children who start speaking late_.Amay have problems with their listeningBprobably do not hear enough language spoken around themCusually pay close attention to what they hear Doften take a long time in learning to listen properly答案D根据第一段“Language learning begins with listening.”，“later starters are often long listeners”，可知晚说话的孩子晚在花很长时间在听上，听也就是接受说前的指导。38A babys first noises are_.Aan expression of his moods and feelingsBan early form of languageCa sign that he means to tell you somethingDan imitation of the speech of adults答案A根据第二段“during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves as particularly expressive as delight, pain, friendliness, and so on.”可知，孩子的“first noises”只是情感的表露，不能被看成是最初的语言形式，也还远没到模仿大人语言的阶段。39The problem of deciding at what point a babys imitations can be considered as speech_.Ais important because words have different meanings for different peopleBis not especially important because the changeover takes place graduallyCis one that should be properly understood because the meaning of words changes with ageDis one that should be completely ignored(忽略)because childrens use of words is often meaningless 答案B从最后一段，尤其是最后一句话可知，作者对大人利用孩子的模仿能力教给他们新的语言是否会有成效持怀疑态度。但也不能“be dismissed as a meaningless sound simply”。40The speaker implies_.Aparents can never hope to teach their children new soundsBchildren no longer imitate people after they begin to speakCchildren who are good at imitating learn new words more quicklyDeven after they have learnt to speak, children still enjoy imitating答案D由最后一段“Playful and meaningless imitation of what other people say continues after the child has begun to speak for himself，”可知。A太绝对；B与文中叙述不符；C文中没有依据。写作素材集锦单词imaginative想象的短语have a look at看一看句子Most parents，I suppose，have had the experience of reading a bedtime story to their children.我想大部分的父母都曾有过给孩子读睡前故事的经历。8
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