2019-2020年高三上学期第三周周测英语试题 含答案.doc

2019-2020年高三上学期第三周周测英语试题 含答案Grammar and VocabularySection A Direction: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.When I was a Ph.D. student, a respected professor at our school had a heart attack in his office and died among familiar and shocked colleagues in the department. I didnt know it at the time, but this deeply (1) (trouble) experience would shape my thinking about how to craft my academic career after I faced my own life-changing illness. While I was a postdoc （博士后）, I (2) (leave) unable to walk in a sudden neurological disorder, and it took my vision, and held me in the grip of crushing dizziness. This harsh reality check has made me think seriously about how I can pursue the research I love while also taking care of (3) .Prior to my illness, I worked extremely long hours, sometimes even (4) (sleep) in my office if facing a deadline. When I returned to work after my illnessdespite its severity, I took just 2 months off because of increasing medical bills, and no certainty of ongoing employmentI fell back into the academic achievement trap. (5) a fear of relapse (复发) made me question my actions and, ultimately, the course of my career. I realized that my years in academia (6) (damage) my mental health. I didnt want to hurt myself permanently by pursuing career advancement at all costs, but I didnt want to leave either. So I decided to accept my physical limitations andan even (7) (difficult) taskovere my prejudices about what a successful career looks like.Now, I am building a nontraditional academic path. I am still a university research fellow, but my research into how mining panies can decrease their environmental impact is funded by industry. For these funders, what matters more than my publication record is my creativity, integrity, and ability to produce rigorous science (8) solves real-world problems. I feel like a pressure valve has been released in my life, easing the worries and long hours and allowing me to better manage my illness. And I find (9) (apply) research immensely satisfying-I have seen that my work has value (10) contributing to my academic evaluation. Perhaps most importantly, I was well enough to be there to witness it. Section BA. occur B. initial C. surface D. established AB. flavors AC. sensoryAD. sensed BC. tempting BD. ultimate CD. required ABC. produce Directions: plete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. Have you ever wondered how freshly baked bread gets its golden brown crust and why it smells so good? Or how green berries turn into beautiful brown coffee beans with a rich (11) aroma?The answers to these questions lie in a series of plex of chemical reactions, known as Maillard reactions, which give many foods their familiar flavors and colors. These (12) properties even guide us in how we choose foods and help create our initial idea of their quality.As the name suggests, Maillard reactions were first described by a French physician and biochemist, Louis-Camille Maillard, in 1912. These reactions (13) hundreds of chemical pounds that give colors and aroma to some of our favorite foods such as roast meat, potato chips, bread and other bakery products, coffee, and chocolate.These reactions (14) most rapidly under conditions of low moisture and at temperatures above about 130. Hence, they tend to kick in when we fry, bake, grill or roast.Maillard reactions are also referred to as browning reactions because of the color they give to foods cooked in this way. When meat is grilled or roasted, only the (15) is usually hot enough to cause browning. The interior can keep a pinkish color because the cooking temperature stays below that (16) for Maillard reactions to occur rapidly. Foods cooked by boiling or steaming do not turn brown or acquire the plexity of flavors because the temperature only reaches about 100.The (17) products of Maillard reactions are small molecules（分子）, which are responsible for the aromas we get from freshly baked bread and coffee. More plex reactions then take place to form larger molecules responsible for the golden to brown colors. This is why the aroma of baking bread is (18) before the crust browns. As for the later Maillard reactions, we only know that some of the molecules they form have unpleasant (19) and may even be poisonous, for example, in meat that is burnt black. In spite of that, the importance of Maillard reactions in the kitchen and beyond is well (20) , more than a century after they were first described and we can take advantage of their benefits while continuing to learn about this fascinating area of chemistry. Reading prehension Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Starting a new job is both exciting and upsetting. You are eager to begin the next chapter of your career and make your mark at a new pany, but there are dozens of 21 . Will you like your co-workers and will they like you? Are you prepared for a new set of responsibility? Is your boss actually normal, or will the craziness slowly 22 itself?Set yourself for success with these tips for 23 yours first week on the job. Start Rested Adapting to a new job can be physically and mentally exhausting. You need to adjust to a new mute (上下班路程)or 24 working hours. And, as you strive to make a good impression with management and your peers, you have to “be 25 ” from the minute you walk through the door until the moment you leave for the day. So use whatever downtime you have before starting your new job to catch up on sleep and do the activities that leave you feeling 26 . (This may mean skipping a night out with friends in favor of a quiet evening at home.)Do a Little ResearchWhile most panies expect new hires to e with a learning 27 , it doesnt hurt to do some research-youll give yourself a bit of advantage and appear 28 . Set a new alert for your panys name, and catch up on recent articles that relate to the industry. If the panys website includes a staff section, familiarize yourself with the various 29 and get a sense of how the pany is structured.Take Notes Get a fresh notebook and fill it with notes-on everything. Coworkers name, organizational facts, the bathroom security code A new job es with too much information to rely on your 30 alone. And 31 you may be petent at the keyboard, carrying your laptop to every meeting can get 32 , and looking down at a phone or a tablet while someone speaks is rude.Hold Off on RemendationsYou were hired for your experience, skills and knowledge, but be careful about offering suggestions or big ideas too 33 . You run the risks of looking like a know-it-all. Spend your first week or so listening, processing information and 34 yourself with the pany culture. Given adequate time, your ideas will be more 35 and better received. 24. A. concerns B. suspicious C. unknown D. crossroads25. A. behave B. transform C. conceal D. reveal26. A. attaching importance to B. making the most of C. applying yourself to D. keeping pace with 27. A. different B. divided C. unpleasant D. fixed28. A. away B. off C. up D. on29. A. challenged B. restored C. relieved D. undisturbed30. A. prospect B. curve C. need D. ability31. A. confirmed B. educated C. prepared D. assured32. A. aspects B. functions C. requirements D. departments(A)The moment I cross the threshold of a bank and attempt to transact business there, I bee an irresponsible idiot.I knew this beforehand, but my salary had been raised to fifty dollars a month and I felt that the bank was the only place for it.So I shambled in and looked timidly round at the clerks. I had an idea that a person about to open an account must needs consult the manager.I went up to a wicket marked Accountant. The Accountant was a tall, cool devil. The very sight of him rattled me. My voice was sepulchral.Can I see the manager? I said, and added solemnly, alone. I dont know why I said alone.Certainly, said the accountant, and fetched him.The manager was a grave, calm man. I held my fifty-six dollars clutched in a crumpled ball in my pocket.Are you the manager? I said. God knows I didnt doubt it.Yes, he said. Can I see you, I asked, alone? I didnt want to say alone again, but without it the thing seemed self-evident.The manager looked at me in some alarm. He felt that I had an awful secret to reveal.e in here, he said, and led the way to a private room He turned the key in the lock.We are safe from interruption here, he said: sit down.We both sat down and looked at each other. I found no voice to speak.You are one of Pinkertons men, I presume, he said.He had gathered from my mysterious manner that I was a detective. I knew what he was thinking, and it made me worse.No, not from Pinkertons, I said, seeming to imply that I came from a rival agency. To tell the truth, I went on, as if I had been prompted to lie about it, I am not a detective at all. I have e to open an account. I intend to keep all my money in this bank.The manager looked relieved but still serious; he concluded now that I was a son of Baron Rothschild or a young Gould.A large account, I suppose, he said.Fairly large, I whispered. I propose to deposit fifty-six dollars now and fifty dollars a month regularly.The manager got up and opened the door. He called to the accountant.Mr. Montgomery, he said unkindly loud, this gentleman is opening an account. He will deposit fifty-six dollars. Good morning.I rose. 36.Why did the writer decide to deposit his salary in the bank? A. Because he knew no other nearer place to deposit his money. B. Because he knew nothing about how to use a large sum of $50. C. Because opening a bank account is easier than using the money. D. Because he thought the bank was the safest place for his raised money.37.How did the writer feel when approaching the bank staff? A. Nervous B. Alert C. Desperate D. Dismayed38. What did the manager think at the writers request of seeing his alone?A. He thought the writer was suspicious enough to arouse alarm.B. He thought was sent by a rival to spy on the bank.C. He felt that the writer had something serious and secret to reveal.D. He suspected the writer was lying about his identity and purpose. 39.What did the manager do in the end?A. He called in the accountant to take care of the writer.B. He left the writers business with one of his clerks.C. He helped Mr. Montgomery open an account unwillingly.D. He asked the writer to leave with his $56.(B)Whether youre just out of college or have spent he last few years working under the watchful eye of a supervisor, you probably havent had the opportunity to make that many independent decisions. At least, not very big ones. Youve always been forcefully pushed onto the right path, which does not leave you with much evidence of critical decision-making skills, which employers love. Its safe to say that the majority of people on extue phoneended trips abroad will suffer some sort of personal mishap. For example, your phone has just suffered a major coughing fit, and you dont have a paper map with you, a couple of hours away from your hotel. Nothing teaches resourcefulness and quick decision-making like such a good crisis, and nothing helps a manager sleep better at night than knowing there is someone on the team they can count on in the event of a full-skill meltdown.Losing ones wallet may seem like a pretty big deal to most people-you should probably report it lost or stolen to the relevant authorities, cancle your credit cards, ask a stranger for bus fare home, and so on. Now image the same thing happening in the middle of Uzbekistan. Words like “body language” and “effective munication” may be entirely over-used these days, but never underestimate the value of knowing how to convey a message without the luxury of having a fluent native English speaker on the receiving end in a foreign land.Not only does traveling force you to awaken your inner word bank, but it also teaches you about the large number of cultural quirks that can present real obstacles n a world where cross-cultural munication has bee an everyday thing in the workplace. What may be polite in your country, may have the plete opposite effect in another.There skills are invaluable in any field of work, and the sooner you learn them, the more dramatically you will stand out from your peers. In any employer eye, youre a rare find.40. What does the writer think is the best teacher of decision-making for a future job?A. Quitting college for an extended tripB. Working under the supervisors watchful eyeC. Tricky situations that may arise in travelingD. Being counted on to tackle a business meltdown41.What poses the greatest challenge in the case of property loss when traveling abroad?A. plicated administrative procedures that goes along with the lossB. approaching locals who know little of what you exoress about your troubleC. finding your body language and effective munication over-usedD. overing cultural obstacles that are rarely found in workplace42.which case illustrates “cultural quirks that present real obstacles” in cross-cultural municationA. Getting lost in a foreign land among a crowd understanding none of your languageB. Bargaining is rarely seen in West but in countries further east, it is an everyday part of lifeC. Giving a thumbs-up signal to a Thai client may be greeted with a thumb-down in businessD. Finding both your large vocabulary and rich body language just dont help in munication43.What is the best title of the article?A. How to Stand Out as a Global Job CandidateB. Why Employers Love World TravelersC. munication is a Key Decision MakerD. secrets to Impressing your Future BossSection CDirections: Read the following article and choose the most suitable statement from A-F for each blank. There are two extra statements which you do not need.A. At the time we write, the reader exists only in our imaginations, and, thus, writing is above all an act of pretense.B. If you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head. If you talk in his language, that goes to his heart. C. Speaking and writing involve very different kinds of human relationship, and only the one associated with speech es to us naturally.D. An active posing a manifesto must write as if he is standing in front of a crowd and whipping up their emotion.AB. The spoken word is older than our specie, and the instinct for language allows children to engage in clear conversation years before they enter a schoolhouse.AC. If they need clarification, or cannot believe what has been said, or have something to add, they can break into the conversation or follow up in a turn. Writing is an unnatural act. As Charles Darwin observed, “Men has an instinctive tendency to speak, as we see in the babble of our young children, whereas no child has an instinctive tendency to bake, brew, or write.”44._But the written word is a recent invention that has left not trace in our genes and must be laboriously acquired throughout childhood and beyond.Speech and writing differ in how they are acquired or developed or in their mechanics, of course, and that is one reason children must struggle with writing: it takes practice to reproduce the sounds of language with a pencil or a keyboard. But they differ in another way ,which makes the acquisition of writing a lifelong challenge even after the mechanics have been mastered.45._Spoken conversation is instinctive because social interaction is instinctive; we speak to those with whom we are on speaking terms. When we engage our conversation partners, we have some idea of what they know and what they might be interested in learning, and as we chat with them, we monitor their eyes, their faces, and their posture.46_.We enjoy none of this give-and-take when we cast our bread upon the waters by sending a written letter out into the world. The recipients are invisible and inscrutable, and we have to get through to them without knowing much about them or seeing their reactions.47_We have to visualize ourselves in some kind of conversation, or letter writing or public speech, or monologue, and put words into the mouth of the little avatar who presents up in this imagined world.III. Translation1. 尽管Blake写小说的尝试首告成功，但经济回报确少的可怜。（prove）2. 让他又惊又喜的是，他申请的五所海外顶尖大学都给了他录取许可。（apply）3. 还没来得及充分享受那份闲暇和自由，暑假已经和我挥手道别了。（Before）4. 大赛志愿者由各个年龄层的人组成，从十几岁的学生到满头白发的老人。（consist，range）IV. Summary writing.Directions: Read the article and write a brief summary with about 50 words.Asummaryis condensed version of a larger reading. A summary is not a rewrite of the original piece and does not have to be long nor should it be long. To write a summary, use your own words to express briefly the main idea and relevant details of the piece you have read. Your purpose in writing the summary is to give the basic ideas of the original reading. What was it about and what did the author want to municate?While reading the original work, take note of what or who is the focus and ask the usual questions that reporters use: Who? What? When? Where? Why? How? Using these questions to examine what you are reading can help you to write the summary.Sometimes, the central idea of the piece is stated in the introduction or first paragraph, and the supporting ideas of this central idea are presented one by one in the following paragraphs. Always read the introductory paragraph thoughtfully and look for a thesis statement. Finding the thesis statement is like finding a key to a locked door. Frequently, however, the thesis, or central idea, is implied or suggested. Thus, you will have to work harder to figure out what the author wants readers to understand. Use any hints that may shed light on the meaning of the piece: pay attention to the title and any headings and to the opening and closing lines of paragraphs.In writing the summary, let your reader know the piece that you are summarizing. Identify the title, author and source of the piece. You may want to use this formula:In Title of the Piece (source and date of piece), author shows that: central idea of the piece. The author supports the main idea by using .and showing that .Remember: Do not rewrite the original piece. Keep your summary short. Use your own wording. Refer to the central and main ideas of the original piece. Read with who, what, when, where, why and how questions in mind. Do not put in your opinion of the issue or topic discussed in the original piece. Often, instructors ask students to put their opinions in a paragraph separate from the summary. 参考答案1. troubling 2.was left 3.myself 4.sleeping 5.However 6.had damaged 7.more difficult 8.which 9. applied 10.beyond11-15 AC/AC/ABC/A/C16-20 CD/B/AD/AB/D21-25 CDBAD