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Unit 4(一)课前自主学习.阅读单词知其意1biography n传记，传记作品2fantasy n. 幻想，想象3broad adj.纵联1 各种各样的，广泛的；宽阔的；概括的4partner n. 纵联2 伙伴，搭档；合伙人5spokesman n. 发言人6criterion n. (评判的)标准，准则，原则7boycott vt. 拒绝购买(或使用、参加)，抵制8hatch vt. & vi. 策划，(尤指)密谋；孵化，孵出9sponsor n. 赞助者，赞助商vt. 赞助，资助；主办，举办10topranking adj. 最高等级的，最重要的 11institution n. 机构；制度12laundry n. 洗衣服；洗衣店；要洗的(或刚洗好的)衣物13anecdote n. 逸事，趣闻14parallel adj. 平行的；相似的n. 相似的人或事物；相似特征15salty adj. 咸的，含盐的.重点单词写其形1resemble vt. 看起来像，类似2tiresome adj. 讨厌的，令人厌烦的3tense adj. 令人紧张的；神经紧张的；绷紧的，不松弛的4zoom vi. 快速移动；急剧增长5overlook vt. 忽略，未注意到；不予理会；俯视6attraction n. 吸引人的特征；有吸引力的地方； 吸引，吸引力7expose vt. 使接触，使面临；暴露，揭露8preference n. 偏爱，偏好9deliberately adv. 故意地10swift adj. 迅速的，迅捷的11formal adj. 正式的，正规的；形式上的 12sincere adj.纵联3 真诚的，诚挚的13entry n. 参赛作品；进入，加入；条目，词条14edge n. (微弱的)优势；边缘；刀刃15modest adj. 不太大的，不太贵的，些许的； 谦虚的，谦逊的16conquer vt. 征服，占领；战胜，克服.拓展单词通其变1representative n代表represent vt.代表2finance vt.给提供经费n.财政，金融；资金financial adj.财政的，财务的，金融的3restriction n限制，约束restrict vt.限制，约束restricted adj.受限制的4contradict vt.& vi.驳斥，反驳；与相矛盾，相反contradictory adj.相互矛盾的，对立的，不一致的contradiction n矛盾5congratulation n祝贺，恭喜congratulate vt.祝贺，向庆贺6robbery n抢劫rob vt.抢劫robber n强盗7accumulate vt.& vi.积累，积聚；逐渐增加accumulation n积累，积聚8fierce adj.激烈的，猛烈的；凶狠的，凶猛的fiercely adv.凶猛地；猛烈地，激烈地9disappoint vt.使失望，使扫兴disappointment n失望，沮丧；令人失望的人或事物纵联1.巧记“形近意异”词abroad adv. 到国外，在国外broad adj. 宽阔的，辽阔的board vt. 上(船、车或飞机)aboard adv. 在船(或飞机、车)上纵联2.“朋友圈”partner 伙伴；同伴fellow 同伴；伙伴netpal 网友roommate 室友，舍友panion 同伴；同事；伴侣colleague 同事，同僚penpal 笔友acquaintance 熟悉的人friend 朋友纵联3.做人要“坦诚”sincere 真诚的，诚挚的frank 坦白的；直率的open 坦率的honest 诚实的straightforward 坦率的单元话题电影子话题1影视相关人员hairdresser n. 发型师makeup man n. 男化妆师director n. 导演producer n. 制片人audience n. 观众；听众supporting role 配角leading role 主角cameraman/photographer n摄影师子话题2影视类型drama n. 戏剧cartoon n. 动画片edy n. 喜剧；喜剧片tragedy n. 悲剧opera n. 歌剧soap opera 肥皂剧TV series 电视连续剧子话题3影视器材及设施camera n. 摄像机film n. 胶卷microphone n. 麦克风stage n. 舞台studio n. 工作室；演播室；摄影棚学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词汇应用1(2011福建高考阅读A)Driving a car is not just handling controls and judging speed and distance.It requires you to predict what other road users will do and get ready to react to something unexpected.When alcohol is consumed, it enters your bloodstream and acts as a depressant (抑制药), damaging eyesight, judgement and coordination (协调), slowing down reaction time and greatly increasing the risk of accidents.Even below the drink driving limit， driving will be affected.Alcohol may take a few minutes to be absorbed into the bloodstream and start action on the brain.Absorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice.To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process and it is not possible to speed it up with any measures like taking a shower or having a cup of tea or coffee.写出加黑词在本单元的同根名词：entry；表示“进入”这个动作时，后面通常与介词into连用；表示“参加比赛的人或物”时，后面通常接介词for。写出加黑词在本单元的同义词：zoom写出加黑词在本单元的近义词：restriction，其动词形式是：restrict，意为“限制”，形容词是：restricted，意为“有限的；受约束的”。写出加黑词在本单元的反义词：swift，意思是“迅速的，敏捷的，能够快速移动的”。2(2010湖北高考阅读D)To my _ (disappoint), in this part of the book he ignores the arts.As a matter of fact, they demand all the concentration and study that math and science do, though the study differs slightly in kind.Although its monly believed that the arts can only be naturally acquired, actually, learning the arts is no more natural than learning French or mathematics.用所给词的适当形式填空：disappointment，其形容词形式为：disappointed“失望的”，disappointing“令人失望的”。本句话中用了固定搭配：to_ones_disappointment，意为“令某人失望的是”。写出加黑词在本单元的同义词：overlook，意思是“忽略，不理会”，此外该词还可以表示“俯瞰，俯视”。写出加黑词的形容词在本单元的反义词：broad，其动词是broaden，意为“加宽，变宽”。高考采撷(二)写作中的词汇应用(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)1(2018全国卷书面表达)总而言之，我真诚地邀请你亲自到我们学校来看看。(sincerely)All_in_all,_I_sincerely_invite_you_to_e_to_our_school_and_see_for_yourself.2(2018江苏高考书面表达)令我失望的是，其中一些评级是公司或卖家谨慎操作(manipulation)的结果。(disappointment)To_my_disappointment,_some_of_the_ratings_are_the_oute_of_a_careful_manipulation_of_panies_or_sellers. (二)课堂重点释疑1representative n代表；典型人物adj.典型的；有代表性的记牢(1)be representative of代表着；是的代表(2)represent v. 代表；描绘represent . as 把描绘成练通单句语法填空/完成句子Her daughter is very clever and often represented as_a genius.The city is a special case and hardly representative (represent) of China.The petition attracted over 500 contestants representing_8_different_countries.这次比赛吸引了代表8个不同国家的500多名参赛者。写美(2018北京高考书面表达)茶文化是传统文化的代表，具有巨大的魅力和价值。Tea_culture_is_a_representative_of_traditional_culture,_which_is_of_great_charm_and_huge_value._2expose vt.使接触，使体验，使面临；暴露，显露，揭露记牢(1)expose . to .把暴露在，使接触expose sth. to sb. 向某人揭发某事(2)exposed adj. (指地方)无遮蔽的；不遮挡风雨的be exposed to 接触；暴露于中(3)exposure n. 暴露exposure to 暴露于练通单句语法填空Most people have not thought of diabetes as a disease related to environmental exposure (expose)This part of the west coast of Scotland is very exposed(expose) to Atlantic winds.Parents and teachers should expose children to good art and music.完成句子The wolf opened its mouth to expose_a_row_of_sharp_white_teeth.狼张开嘴，露出一排白色的尖牙。The report showed that workers had_been_exposed_to unacceptably high levels of radiation.报告披露了工人们已经受到了令人无法接受的高强度辐射的危害。Traveling abroad exposes_children_to different languages and cultures.去国外旅行使孩子们接触到不同的语言和文化。写美(2018北京高考书面表达)外国学生接触到中国茶馆，独特的茶具与茶杯给他们留下了深刻印象。Exposed_to_the_tea_house,_the_foreign_students_were_impressed_by_the_unique_tea_pots_and_tea_cups.3contradict vt.& vi.驳斥，反驳；与相矛盾，相反记牢(1)contradict oneself自相矛盾(2)contradictory adj. 相互矛盾的，对立的，不一致的be contradictory to 与相矛盾/对立(3)contradiction n. 矛盾，反驳in contradiction to/with . 与相矛盾/对立练通单句语法填空The answers to this question were various and contradictory (contradict)The prisoners statement was contradictory to the one hed made earlier. Behind them all, though, is the contradiction (contradict) between economic growth and the environment.完成句子The speaker had got confused, and started contradicting_himself. 演讲者糊涂了，说话开始自相矛盾。Your reply today is in_direct_contradiction_to what you said last week. 你今天的答复跟上星期说的恰好相反。 写美(2018江苏高考书面表达)不可否认，这样的评级可能会给消费者带来方便。然而，它们有时会自相矛盾，因为它们常常误导人，也不可靠。There_is_no_denying_that_such_ratings_might_bring_convenience_to_consumers._However,_they_sometimes_contradict_themselves,_for_they_are_often_misleading_and_unreliable.4resemble vt.看起来像，类似记牢(1)resemble sb./sth. (in .) (在方面)与某人/某物相似(2)resemblance n. 相似练通单句语法填空/完成句子The two sisters resemble each other in appearance but differ in character. People often use the phrase “like father, like son” to refer to family resemblance (resemble)We just naturally think that the future will_resemble_the_past.我们只是想当然地认为未来会和过去相似。写美(2010湖北高考书面表达)微笑如同寒冬里第一束勇敢的阳光，它会消解你心头的痛苦。A_smile_resembles_the_first_brave_sunshine_in_winter._It_will_relieve_the_pain_in_your_heart.5preference n偏爱，偏好记牢(1)have/show a preference for更喜欢/偏爱give (a) preference to 给以优惠/优待develop a preference for 养成对的偏爱in preference to 优先于，而不是(2)prefer v. 更喜欢练通单句语法填空Parents may be able to express a preference (prefer) as to the school their child will attend.It often is preferred (preference) by those who want an English version that reflects the grammar of the original. 完成句子When it es to fruit, I would usually choose apples in_preference_to_pears.谈到水果，我通常更愿意选择苹果，其次才是梨。We give_preference_to applicants with some experience.我们优先录用有经验的申请人。写美(2016四川高考书面表达)我更喜欢秋天，因为秋天意味着收获和喜悦。I_have_a_preference_for_autumn,_for_autumn_means_harvest_and_joy.6attraction n吸引人的特征；有吸引力的地方/事物；吸引，吸引力记牢(1)a tourist attraction旅游景点(2)attract vt. 吸引；引起attract sb. to sth. 吸引/引起某人对某事的兴趣attract ones attention 吸引某人的注意(3)attractive adj. 有吸引力的；诱人的练通单句语法填空/完成句子Smoking is still attractive (attract) to many young people who see it as glamorous (刺激的)Honestly speaking, there are a lot of tourist attractions(attract) in this ancient city.Anything with strong gravity attracts other things to it. Public emergencies are major issues facing our country, which attract_great_attention_of the government and the public. 突发公共事件是我国面临的重大问题，引起了政府的高度重视和公众的密切关注。写美(2011全国卷书面表达)同样吸引我的是世界著名人士的成功故事，这帮助我了解一个人如何努力工作，使世界变得更美好。Equally_attractive_are_the_success_stories_of_worldfamous_people,_which_help_me_understand_how_a_person_can_work_hard_to_make_the_world_a_better_place.7disappoint vt.使失望，使扫兴记牢(1)disappointed adj. 感到失望的be disappointed to do sth. 因做某事而失望be/feel disappointed at/about/with . 对感到失望disappointing adj. 令人失望的(2)disappointment n. 失望(much) to ones disappointment to ones (great) disappointment使某人(非常)失望的是练通单句语法填空The speech was most disappointing (disappoint). It had skirted round all the main questions.We were all disappointed to_learn (learn) that the picnic had been cancelled. To his great disappointment (disappoint), his car broke down on the way to the beach.单句改错It is disappointed when I know you cant go to Hangzhou with us during the National Day holiday.disappointeddisappointingThere was a disappointing look on Davids face when he knew he didnt pass the driving test. disappointingdisappointed写美(2014北京高考书面表达)学生对学校的自行车存车处很失望，因为它的入口窄，经常拥堵。The_students_were_disappointed_at_the_parking_place_for_bike_in_our_school,_because_it_was_small_and_always_blocked.词汇过关综合训练.单词拼写1I began cutting back on unhealthy things like fried and salty(咸的) and sweet foods.2Peter doesnt seem to take after his father; but resembles (相似) his mother very much.3What attracts me to go there is that there are a lot of attractions (有吸引力的地方) there.4How tiresome (令人厌烦的)! I have left my watch behind.5The result seems to contradict (与相矛盾) a major US study reported last November.6To my disappointment (失望), the immigration officer rejected my visa application with the excuse that my daughter had the intention of migration.7Id choose the smaller car in preference (优先) to the larger one.8Though small, the firm has sponsored (资助) many students at the university so far.9The cottage is exposed (显露) in a very position at the top of the hill.10I had the strong impression that what I had accumulated (积累) was simply bad news that nobody wanted to hear.单句语法填空1His statement contradicts with_the facts. We have to find more evidence.2The boy bears great resemblance (resemble) to Jim; are they twins?3Being_exposed (expose) to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may influence genes in human bodies.4It seemed that he deliberately (deliberate) upset her.5The government placed restrictions on the numbers of foreign cars that could be imported.6The diversity of students talents are_overlooked (overlook) because schools typically focus on a narrow view of academic ability.7I couldnt be present myself, but I sent my representative (represent) to the meeting.8They suffered huge financial (finance) losses in the crisis.9John and I will celebrate our fortieth wedding anniversary next month.Oh, congratulations (congratulate)!10The steady accumulation (accumulate) of small debts was a ball and chain to his progress.单句改错1With medical treatment and exercise working on parallel, he will quickly recover. onin2Its a pity that you have to leave so soon. I sincere hope that you will e back.sinceresincerely3How disappointed it was to have missed the train！disappointeddisappointing4I do think you resemble with your mother very closely.去掉with5In their spare time, the couple often take the kids to galleries, museums and theaters, hoping to expose them on as much art and culture as possible. onto.完成句子1The politicians statement was_contradictory_to_the one hed made earlier in the same week.这个政客的声明与他在本周早些时候做的相矛盾。2Dont expose_your_skin_to direct sunlight, or youll get sunburnt.不要让你的皮肤直接暴露于阳光下，否则你会被晒伤。3There are lots of great shopping centres and supermodern bookshops, which attract_my_attention much.有许多大型购物中心和超现代的书店，这很吸引我。 4To_our_great_disappointment,_it rained every day of the trip.这次旅行天天下雨，让我们大失所望。5These exhibitions have been selected because they represent_Chinese_traditional_culture_best.这些展品最能代表中国传统文化，所以入选。(一)课前自主学习1in_defence_of为辩护；防卫2show_off 炫耀，卖弄3give_thought_to 认真考虑，思考4point_out 指出5regardless_of串记1 不管6be_devoted_to串记2 (把时间、精力等)用于，献身于7in_the_minority 占少数8refer_to 提到；参考；有关；指的是9pay_attention_to 注意10have_no_access_to 没有的机会/权利11be_aware_of 知道，意识到12have_a_tendency_to 有倾向13outside_of 在外面14view_.as_.串记3 把看作15be_likely_to_do_sth. 很可能做某事16in_ones_opinion 在某人看来17at_the_end_of 在末尾，在结束时18in_this_case 在这种情况下同根短语串记串记1.“of结尾”短语小结regardless of 不管 as a result of 由于，因为in spite of 尽管on account of 由于，因为on behalf of 代表instead of 代替；而不是in terms of 就来说串记2.“beadj.to (介词)”短语荟萃be accustomed/used to 习惯于be addicted to 对着迷be exposed to 接触/暴露于be devoted to 致力于/献身于be attached to 附属于串记3.“把看作”表达种种view . as . consider . as .regard . as . think of . as .look on . as . see . as . treat . as .1make no restrictions on对不作限制2learn about real peoples lives 了解人们的真实生活3show special favour_to American films 对美国电影情有独钟4work parttime_as a journalist 当兼职记者5live with his relatives 和他的亲戚住在一起6write_down what happened 记下所发生的事情7the films main attractions 电影的主要亮点8in the world of magic 在魔法世界里1We make no restrictions on the kinds of films we show as_long_as a films quality meets our standards, we include it. 我们对我们所放映的电影的种类不作限制只要它的质量达到我们的标准，我们就接纳它。2Whether you think the Academy Awards really resemble a film festival or not, everyone agrees that the Oscar is the bestknown award a film can receive.不论你是否认为奥斯卡金像奖真的像电影节，人人都赞同奥斯卡金像奖是电影能获得的最著名的奖项。3However, he later finds out that his father was a wizard and that his mother was a witch, both_of_whom were murdered by an evil wizard the same wizard who gave Harry the scar.但是后来哈利发现他的父亲是巫师，母亲是女巫，他们都是被一个邪恶的巫师杀害的也就是给哈利留下伤疤的那个巫师。学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词块和句式(完成句子)1(2014安徽高考任务型读写)A final point to bear in mind is that the term “classical music” is used to refer_to (指的是) a great variety of music, from jazz to pieces for large orchestras (管弦乐队)2(2012江西高考阅读B)The main theme is a teenage search of selfdiscovery, in_this_case (在这种情况下) the search for a mother from whom the hero was separated at an early age.高考采撷(二)写作中的短语和句式(根据提示翻译句子)1(2017全国卷书面表达)在我看来，为了使课堂进行得顺利，你最好提前了解一下唐朝的历史。(in my opinion)In_my_opinion,_to_make_the_class_go_smoothly,_youd_better_know_about_the_history_of_Tang_Dynasty_in_advance.2(2017北京高考书面表达)不论你选择“长江之行 ”还是“泰山之旅”，你都会玩得愉快。(whether . or .)Whether_you_choose_the_trip_to_the_Yangtze_River_or_the_trip_to_Mount_Tai,_you_will_have_a_good_time.(二)课堂重点释疑短语集释记牢at first thought乍一想at the thought of 一想到(就)on second thought(s) 经仔细考虑后without a second thought 立即，马上；不假思索(be) deep/lost in thought 陷入沉思read sb.s thoughts 看出某人的心思练通单句语法填空When we chatted over the tea, he said he cheered up at the thought of going home. Walking along the street, he was lost in thought so that he almost ran against a passerby.完成句子Most people throw away old cell phones without_a_second_thought. 对于旧手机，大多数人可能想都不想就会把它们扔掉。Take it easy. Our leaders are sure to give_enough_thought_to your problem.请放心，我们的领导一定会充分考虑你的问题的。写美(2013北京高考书面表达)我发现妈妈感到不舒服。她感冒了。我立即去给她买了药，然后为她准备了面条。I_found_my_mother_wasnt_feeling_well._She_had_a_cold._Without_a_second_thought,_I_went_to_get_her_some_medicine_and_then_prepared_some_noodles_for_her.句式集释1whether . or .引导让步状语从句教材原句Whether you think the Academy Awards really resemble a film festival or not, everyone agrees that the Oscar is the bestknown award a film can receive. 悟拓展例句(1)Whether_we_will_go_there_or_not tomorrow depends on the weather. 我们明天是否去那里取决于天气。(2)There were times when I wondered whether_or_not we would get there. 有时候我也想知道我们能不能做得到。(3)Youd better decide for yourself whether_to_go_or_not. 究竟去不去，你自己拿主意吧。析用法规则用法归纳(1)句中whether . or .为固定句型，意为“不管是否，不管是还是”，引导让步状语从句，它还可以引导名词性从句。(2)whether之后可接动词不定式(即whether to do .)。背写作佳句(1)(2017天津高考写作佳句)Whether Im busy with the lessons or not, Ill manage to find time to hang out with my friends.(开头句)(2)(2016江苏高考满分作文)Online voting bees increasingly popular, and many petitions get people involved in it.It is beneficial to some people, while it puts others into a dilemma over whether to vote or not.(开头句)(3)(2015浙江高考满分作文)Once we were left to decide whether to have a picnic in a park or go to a museum.I would love to go to a museum.(要点句)2“不定代词/数词/名词/形容词的最高级of关系代词(whom/which)”引导的定语从句教材原句However, he later finds out that his father was a wizard and that his mother was a witch, both_of_whom were murdered by an evil wizard the same wizard who gave Harry the scar. 悟拓展例句(1)Here are some problems put up at the meeting, most_of_which are about education and health care.会议上提出了一些问题，大部分都是关于教育和医疗的。(2)The car, the_color_of_which_is_red,_belongs to me. 那辆红色的汽车是我的。(3)There are one hundred people present at the meeting, thirty_of_whom are foreigners.参加会议的有一百人，其中30个是外国人。(4)China has thousands of islands, the_biggest_of_which is Taiwan Island.中国有数千个岛屿，其中最大的是台湾岛。析用法规则用法归纳(1)both/neither/all/none/some/most/many/several/a few/.of关系代词(whom/which)(2)the名词of关系代词(whom/which)(3)数词of关系代词(whom/which)(4)形容词的最高级of关系代词(whom/which)背写作佳句(1)(2018全国卷写作佳句)Our school has a big gymnasium and playground with modern facilities, the most popular of which is a lawn football field.(要点句)(2)(2017北京高考写作佳句)Your school organizes two travel routes to China, both of which are fascinating.(要点句)词块、句式过关综合训练.选词填空in defence of, show off, give thought to, as long as, point out, in the minority, view .as ., be aware of, approve of, show preference for1While the army takes both men and women, women are in_the_minority.2The soldiers fight in_defence_of their country.3She never gives_thought_to her appearance.4She only bought that sports car to show_off_and prove she could afford one.5The attack on the ship was viewed_as an act of war.6Not only did he point_out my shortings, but he also helped me to overe them.7He has been_aware_of his mistakes, and wants to correct them without delay.8As_long_as you dont betray me, Ill do whatever you ask me to do.9The chairman, full of confidence, put forward his plan, expecting that everyone would approve_of it.10Parents should not show_preference_for any one of their children.句型转换/完成句子1It hasnt been decided whether they will go to the party or not.They havent decided whether to go to the party or not.2Tom, the legs of whom were badly hurt, was quickly taken to the hospital.Tom, whose legs were badly hurt, was quickly taken to the hospital.3Before you blow it all on a luxury cruise, give_a_little_thought_to the future.在你把钱全砸到一趟海上豪华之旅前，多少考虑一下日后怎么办。4Anyone, whether_he_is_an_official_or_a_bus_driver,_should be equally respected.
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