（全国版）2020版高考英语一轮复习 组合练 第4练 阅读理解 完型填空 语法填空 短文改错练习（含解析）.docx

第4练 阅读理解 完型填空 语法填空 短文改错.阅读理解Runnersneedtomove15percentfasteronatreadmill(跑步机) toburnthesamenumberofcaloriesasjoggingoutdoors，researchreveals.ResearchersfromMilanUniversityanalyzedthedifferencebetweenrunningoutdoorsandonatreadmillin15physicallyfitmaleswithanaverageageof21.Theparticipantscompletedasprint(短距离快速跑) for30secondsfollowedby30secondsofrecoveryforatotalof15minutesbothoutdoorsandonatreadmill.Oxygenuseandexerciseintensity(强度) weremeasuredafterbothtypesofrunning.ThefindingswerepublishedinthejournalofAppliedPhysiology，NutritionandMetabolism.Resultsrevealedthatwhenonatreadmill，runnersusesignificantlyloweramountsofoxygen，suggestinglesseffortisrequired.Therefore，runnersmustmove15percentfasteronatreadmilltoburnthesameamountofcaloriesasexercisingoutdoors，thestudystated.Thestudyauthorswrote，“A15percentincreaseinrunningspeedduringaperiodofstoppingandstartingofteninhighintensitytreadmilltrainingsessionisthebestpossiblesolutiontoreachingthesamephysiologicalresponsesasanoutdoortrainingsession.”Althoughthestudydidnotspeculate(推测) whytreadmillrunningappearstobeneedinglesseffortandenergy，previousresearchsuggeststhemovingbeltofatreadmillmovesjoggersforward，causingthemtomovefaster.Exercisingindoorsalsomeansgymgoersdonothavetodealwithsteephillsorwindresistance.MichaelSilverman，directorofrehabilitationandwellness(康复科) atNorthernWestchesterHospital，said，“Outdoors，youarechangingsurfacesconstantly，fightingthewind，andmakingquickandsuddenstartsandstops，whichallleadtoincreasedcaloricburn，”Shapemagazinereported.“Andwhilewedontrecommendrunninginextremetemperatures，itisworthnotingthatyourbodyburnsextracaloriestoregulateyourbodytemperature，”hesays.1Wherecanyoufindthespecificfindingsofthestudy?AInParagraph2.BInParagraph3.CInParagraph4.DInParagraph5.2Whatcanweknowaboutthestudy?AItsparticipantswereall21yearsold.BIttookoxygenuseandexerciseintensityintoconsideration.CItrevealedwhytreadmillrunningconsumeslesscalories.DMichaelisoneoftheresearchers.3Whydoesrunningonatreadmillseemeasieraccordingtothestudy?ATherunnersneedlessenergy.BTherunnerscanusuallygetenoughoxygen.CTheintensityofrunningonthetreadmillismorestable.DThemovingbeltpushesjoggersforward.完形填空(2018山东滨州二模)IamsothankfulthatIhadtheopportunitytospreadalittleloveandkindnesstoday.Ihaddoctors4inatownthatsabout45minutesfromwhereIlived.Afterbothmyappointmentswere5，Istartedwalkingawayfromthebuildingand6anelderlywomanstandingatthegateanxiously.I7myselfandaskedifshewaswaitingforsomeoneorsheneeded8.Asitturnedout，shewashaving9walkingthedistanceandhadaskedforawheelchairandastaffmemberto10herupbutnoonehadcomeyet.Virginiaheatwaskindtonoone，andIwas11forthisdearladyshealth.Iaskedherto12whileIwenttogetherwheelchairmyself.Irantothehelpdeskandaskedfora13toassisttheladyoutside.Thereceptionistaskedme，“Isthelady14？”Iwasupsetatthequestionandanswered，“Shesabitlarge，Isuppose，butiftransportingherisa(n) 15foryou，Iamwillingtodoitmyself.”Shelookedsortofshockedbymy16，butthewomanoutsideneededhelp，nomatterher17.ThehelpdeskwomanandIwalkedtotheendofthepassage(走廊) tothenowseatedlady.Helpdeskperson18herhandtohelpthelady，butshesaid“No，Imfine.Iwanttograbontoher19help.”Shewastalkingaboutme.Ihelpedthewomanintothewheelchairbutfirstlockedthebrakessothatshewouldbe20.Aftershewasseated，shesoftly21meformyhelp.WhenIreturnedhome，whathappenedtometodaykeptgoingthroughmymindandremindedmehowmuchI22theopportunitytohelpthelady.Itgavemeasenseoffulfillmentanda23heart.4A.callsBordersCexaminationsDappointments5A.madeBdoneCarrangedDbooked6A.recognizedBknockedCnoticedDgreeted7A.excusedBhelpedCexpressedDadjusted8A.adviceBreferenceCtreatmentDassistance9A.pressureBtroubleCdangerDfear10A.pickBgetCmakeDkeep11A.readyBresponsibleCthankfulDconcerned12A.helpBmoveCwaitDstand13A.wheelchairBcarCfriendDstranger14A.heavyBsickColdDweak15A.businessBmistakeCissueDchoice16A.wisdomBcommentCpersuasionDcalmness17A.shapeBageCcharacterDsize18A.gaveupBreachedoutCgaveoutDstuckto19A.withBbyCforDabout20A.strongerBsteadierCslowerDfaster21A.calledBbeggedCaskedDthanked22A.appreciatedBneededCexpectedDfound23A.enjoyableBfamiliarCpeacefulDneedy.语法填空(湖南三湘名校教育联盟高三模拟)HutongisakindofancienttypicalcitystreetinBeijing.24.(surround) theForbiddenCity，manywerebuiltduringtheYuan，MingandQing25.(dynasty)Inordertoestablishthestrongestpowerforemperors，theroyalfamilyplannedthecityandarrangedtheresidentialareas(住宅区)TheForbiddenCity26.centeroftheBeijingcity，wastheroyalpalace.AttheendoftheQingdynasty，after27.(close) Chinacameundertheinfluencefromabroad，manyoldhutongslosttheirformerneat28.(arrange)AfterthefoundingofthePeoplesRepublicofChinain1949，theconditionsofhutong29.(improve)Butinrecentyears，thehousesinmanyhutongshavebeenpulleddownandthenreplaced30.modernbuildings.Andthehutongstodayarefadingintotheshadeforbothtourists31.localpeople.However，intheurbandistrictofBeijing，hutongsstilloccupyonethirdofthetotalarea,32.(provide) housingforhalfpopulation，somanyhutongs33.(survive) theseyears.Inthisrespect，weseeBeijingasanancientyetmoderncity.短文改错(2018山东济南二模)ThiswinterholidaymyclassmatesandIgototheSunshineWelfareHouseforvoluntarywork.Afterwewentthere，wetalkedabouthowwecoulddoforthekidsoverthephone.Thenextday，wearrivedattherewithgiftswehadprepared，andwereceivedawarmlywelcome.Thenwebegantoplaywiththem.Idrewpicturewiththeolderkids，andmyclassmatestoldstoriestotheyoungones.Wespentthewholeafternoonwiththem，talkedandlaughing.Itwasgettinglate.Wewavedgoodbyetohimandfeltdelightedtoabletoaccompanythosechildren.答案解析.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在跑步机上跑步比在户外跑步更省力，因此其健身效果不如在户外跑步好。1B细节理解题。题干问及你能在哪里找到这项研究的具体发现。根据第三段第一句可知，研究成果发表在加拿大的应用生理学、营养与代谢杂志上；而第三段后边的内容讲述的正是这项研究的具体发现。故选B。2B细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Oxygen use and exercise intensity(强度) were measured after both types of running.”可知，在这项研究中，氧气使用量和运动强度都被考虑在内。故选B。3D细节理解题。根据题干中的“running on a treadmill seem easier”定位到倒数第二段的“the moving belt of a treadmill moves joggers forward，causing them to move faster”，由此可知，跑步机的传送带带动慢跑者向前移动，从而使他们跑得更快、更省力。故选D。.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是作者在医院帮助一位老人的故事。作者很感激有机会传递一点爱和善良。4Dcall电话；order命令；examination检查；appointment约定。根据“I had doctors in a town thats about 45 minutes from where I lived.”可知，我在一个离我住的地方大约45分钟车程的小镇上预约了医生。故选D。5Bmake制造；do做，完成；arrange安排；book预定。根据“After both my appointments were ，I started walking away from the building.”可知，在预约结束后，我开始从大楼里走出来。故选B。6Crecognize认识；knock敲，碰击；notice注意到；greet问候。我开始从大楼里走出来，注意到一位老妇人焦急地站在门口。故选C。7Aexcuse原谅；help帮助；express表达；adjust调整。根据“I myself and asked if she was waiting for someone or she needed .”可知，我说打扰了，问她是否在等人。故选A。8Dadvice建议；reference参考；treatment治疗，对待；assistance帮助。我问她是否在等人，或者她需要帮助。故选D。9B根据该空后的“.had asked for a wheelchair.”可知，她走这段路有困难，所以要求坐轮椅。故选B。10Apick sb.up接载某人。根据该空前的a staff member可知，老妇人要坐轮椅，所以还需要一名工作人员来接她。11Dready准备好的；responsible负责任的；thankful感谢的；concerned牵挂的。根据“Virginia heat was kind to no one，and I was for this dear ladys health.”可知，弗吉尼亚州的炎热对任何人都不友好，我很担心这位亲爱的女士的健康。故选D。12Chelp帮助；move移动；wait等待；stand站立。根据“I asked her to while I went to get her wheelchair myself.”可知，我请她等着，我去给她要轮椅。故选C。13Awheelchair轮椅；car小汽车；friend朋友；stranger陌生人。根据“I ran to the help desk and asked for a to assist the lady outside.”可知，我跑到服务台，要了一个轮椅来帮助外面的女士。故选A。14Aheavy重的；sick生病的；old老的；weak虚弱的。根据常识以及作者的回答“Shes a bit large，I suppose，but if transporting her is a(n) for you，I am willing to do it myself.”可知，接待员问的是“那位女士重吗？”故选A。15Cbusiness生意；mistake错误；issue问题；choice选择。根据下文的“I am willing to do it myself.”可知，作者说的是：如果运送她对你来说是个问题的话，我愿意自己去做。可知选C。16Bwisdom智慧；comment评论；persuasion劝说；calmness冷静。根据上文和常识可知，作者这样说，让对方感到很吃惊。故选B。17Dshape形状；age年龄；character性格；size大小。根据上文可知，对方询问女士的体重，作者说她体形有点大。可知此处指她的体形大小。故选D。18Bgive up放弃； reach out伸出；give out分发；stick to坚持。根据“Help desk person her hand to help the lady，”可知，是伸手去帮助那位女士，故选B。19C根据“but she said No，Im fine.I want to grab on to her help.”可知，咨询台的人伸出手去帮助那位女士，但那位女士不想让作者帮忙而是想抓住作者的手让她帮忙。故选C。20Bstronger更强壮的； steadier更稳定的；slower更慢的；faster更快的。根据“I helped the woman into the wheelchair but first locked the brakes so that she would be .”可知，我帮助那位女士坐上了轮椅，但首先锁住了刹车，这样她就能更稳当了。故选B。21Dcall打电话；beg祈求；ask问；thank感谢。根据“After she was seated，she softly me for my help.”可知，在她坐好后，她温柔地感谢我的帮助。故选D。22Aappreciate欣赏，感激；need需要；expect期盼；find发现。根据下文的描述可知，此处表示作者感激有机会帮助这位女士。故选A。23Cenjoyable快乐的；familiar 熟悉的；peaceful和平的，平静的；needy贫穷的。根据“It gave me a sense of fulfillment and a heart.”可知，它给了我一种成就感和一颗平静的心。故选C。.24Surrounding考查非谓语动词。many和surround之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。25dynasties考查名词的用法。根据句意可知，此处指元、明、清三个朝代，故用复数形式。26the考查冠词的用法。此处特指“北京市的中心”，故用定冠词the。27closed考查形容词作定语。此处是说封闭的中国受到外国的影响。修饰名词China，所以要用其形容词形式closed。28arrangement考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少宾语，所以填其名词形式arrangement。29wereimproved考查动词的时态和语态。根据句中的in 1949可知用一般过去时；此处意为：胡同的状况得到了改善。故用一般过去时的被动语态。30by考查介词的用法。be replaced by被所取代，故用介词by。31and考查连词的用法。此处是both.and.结构，表示并列关系。32providing考查非谓语动词。hutongs与provide之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。33havesurvived考查动词的时态。句意为：这些年，很多胡同已经幸存下来了。根据该空后的these years可知用现在完成时。.ThiswinterholidaymyclassmatesandItotheSunshineWelfareHouseforvoluntarywork.wewentthere，wetalkedaboutwecoulddoforthekidsoverthephone.Thenextday，wearrivedat therewithgiftswehadprepared，andwereceivedawelcome.Thenwebegantoplaywiththem.Idrewwiththeolderkids，andmyclassmatestoldstoriestotheones.Wespentthewholeafternoonwiththem，andlaughing.Itwasgettinglate.Wewavedgoodbyetoandfeltdelightedtoabletoaccompanythosechildren.