上海市浦东新区2018届高三英语上学期期末教学质量检测试题.doc

上海市浦东新区2018届高三英语上学期期末教学质量检测试题第一卷. Listening prehension（25 分）Section A Short ConversationsDirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the endof each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and thequestions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, readthe four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questionyou have heard.1. A. In a gym. B. In a shoe-repair shop.C. In a department store. D. At a track.2. A. $200. B. $400.C. $250. D. $500.3. A. Take classes. B. Find a job.C. Learn more. D. Get ready for the next term.4. A. To leave her a message with her roommate. B. To solve a problem in his homework.C. To talk with her roommate. D. To ask about his homework.5. A. He likes physics. B. His physics is the best in the class.C. He is working hard at physics. D. His physics is very poor in the class.6. A. A sportsman. B. A doctor.C. A news reporter. D. A game designer.7. A. Unforgettable. B. Impressive.C. Pleasant. D. Disappointing.8. A. Coins and banknotes. B. Weights and measures.C. Shapes and areas. D. Volumes and sizes.9. A. Its too crowded and he cant breathe very well. B. The next stop is the terminal station.C. The next stop is their stop. D. A lot of people get off at the next stop.10. A. The Parking places are very far away. B. He had no problem finding the park.C. There is enough parking space. D. He isnt very good at parking the car.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and youwill be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and theconversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear aquestion, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer tothe question you have heard.Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The driver took the wrong route. B. He missed his flight.第 1 页 / 共 12 页C. He failed to get to the airport. D. His taxi got stuck in a traffic jam.12. A. One of the wings caught fire. B. The plane encountered a strong storm.C. There was something wrong with the engine. D. The hijacker forced the captain to do so.13. A. He had forgotten to lock his front door. B. He had lost his keys to the front door.C. He had left his luggage in the taxi. D. He had picked up the wrong suitcase.Question 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Women now want to be car repairwomen instead of teachers.B. Women tend to do jobs that are traditionally intended for men.C. More girls are choosing fixed jobs in Scotland.D. British women choose non-traditional jobs more than women in other countries.15. A. Because women see many job opportunities on TV.B. Because women feel car repairing is cool on TV.C. Because women are influenced by their stars on TV.D. Because women are told about job choices by career officers on TV.16. A. Britain needs more women to do non-traditional jobs.B. The media should call for women to do non-traditional jobs.C. British women have taken up too many traditional jobs for men.D. The change in mens attitudes is not important for women job choices.Question 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. For ten years. B. For nine years. C. For eight years. D. For one year.18. A. She is more concentrated on her career. B. She is not sure about the marriage.C. Shes holding hatred against Frank. D. Shes not fortable with children around.19. A. Keeping persuading Claire. B. Give up and promise.C. Fight harder with Claire. D. Give Claire some time.20. A. They have just been to Hawaii for a holiday.B. They cannot reach an agreement on having a baby.C. They are planning to get a divorce.D. They are trying to overe career crisis. Grammar and Vocabulary（20 分）Section ADirections: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofthe given word. For the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.As a young child, Ann Makosinski would spend hours experimenting with her toys and othereveryday objects around her to create her own inventions.Now a first-year Arts student, Makosinski is a well-known inventor and entrepreneur（创业者）.She won the 2015 Sustainable Entrepreneurship Award of Excellence, _21_ recognizesinnovative business solutions to social problemsthe same recognition given to Barack Obama in2014. Her own inventions, the Hollow Flashlight and the e-Drink, have been causing excitementinternationally _22_ their creation.At the age of 15, Makosinski created a prototype（原型）for a flashlight _23_（power）第 2 页 / 共 12 页by the heat of ones hand. This invention was the result of a ninth grade science project, butMakosinskis goal was _24_（offer）a practical solution to people with unlimited access topower and electricity.“Im half-Filipino and half-Polish, and one of my friends from the Philippines told me that shefailed school _25_ she couldnt afford electricity. She had no light to study with at night, sothat was kind of the inspiration,”Makosinski explained.“Ive always been interested in doingscience projects, so I thought, why dont I find a way to provide her and a lot of other people withlight?”The Hollow Flashlight is made from Peltier tiles（珀耳贴贴片）that produce energy when oneside _26_（heat）and the other side remains cool. The flashlight can produce a steady beamof LED light for 20 minutes. _27_（use）only the warmth of the human hand.Her advice to other student innovators?“Start now. There _28_ be nothing holding youback. Some students at colleges or even in high school thinkOh, Im a student. I just need to study._29_ may think it important to make friends and be social. The truth is, you can do a lot ofother things. You can do _30_ you want. Just go ahead.”Section BDirections: plete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beused once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. potentially B. filmed C. dropped D. monly E. treats F. sympathyG. sensitive H. eyebrow I. domesticated J. selection K. confidentPuppy Dog Eyes Are for the Benefits of HumansDogs make puppy dog eyes for the benefit of humans and rarely use the pleasing facialexpression when on their own, a new study has shown.It has long been assumed that animal facial expressions are involuntary and dependent onemotional state rather than a way to municate.But scientists at the Universitys Dog Cognition Centre at Portsmouth University have foundthat dogs mostly use facial expressions when humans are present, as a direct response to attention.Puppy dog eyes, in which the _31_ is raised to make the eyes appear wider and sadder, wasfound to be the most _32_ used expression in the study. Researchers do not know whether thedogs are aware they look sadder, or have just learned that widening their eyes invites _33_ andaffection in humans.Dog cognition expert Dr Juliane Kaminski: “We can now be _34_ that the production offacial expressions made by dogs are dependent on the attention state of their audience and are notjust a result of dogs being excited.”“In our study they produced far more expressions when someone was watching, but seeingfood _35_ did not have the same effect.”“The findings appear to support evidence dogs are _36_ to humans attention and thatexpressions are _37_ active attempts to municate, not simple emotional displays.” Theresearchers studied 24 dogs of various breeds, aged one to 12. All were family pets. Each dog wastied by a lead a metre away from a person, and the dogs faces were _38_ throughout a rangeof exchanges, from the person being oriented towards the dog, to being distracted and with her bodyturned away from the dog.第 3 页 / 共 12 页They found that when a human was not watching the animal, they _39_ facial expressions.Dr Kaminski said it is possible that dogs expressions have evolved as they were _40_.“Domestic dogs have a unique history they have lived alongside humans for 30,000 years andduring that time selection pressures seem to have acted on dogsability to municate with us, ”shesaid. Reading prehension（45 分）Section ADirections：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C, and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When I was a child of seven years old, my friends, on a holiday, filled my pocket with coppers.I went at once to a shop where they sold toys for children. Being _41_ with the sound of awhistle that I had seen by the way, in the hands of another boy, I handed over all my money for one.I then came home, and went whistling all over the house, much pleased with my whistle, but_42_ all the family. My brothers and sisters and cousins, when I told of the _43_ I hadmade, said I had given four times as much as the whistle was worth. They put me in mind of whatgood things I might have bought with the rest of the money, and laughed at me so much for my follythat I cried with vexation(烦恼). Thinking about the matter gave me more _44_ than the whistlegave me pleasure._45_, this was afterwards of use to me, for the impression continued on my mind, so thatoften, when I was _46_ to buy something I did not need, I said to myself, “Dont give too muchfor the whistle, ” and I saved my money. As I grew up, came into the world, and _47_ theactions of men, I thought I met with many, very many, who “gave too much for the whistle.”If I knew a miser（守财奴）who _48_ every kind of fortable living, all the pleasureof doing good to others, all the esteem of his fellow citizens and the joys of friendship, _49_gathering and keeping wealth- “Poor man,” said I, “ you pay too dear for your whistle.” When Imet a man of pleasure, who did not try to improve his mind or his fortune but _50_ devotedhimself to having a good time, perhaps neglecting his health, “ Mistaken man, you are providing_51_ for yourself, instead of pleasure; you are paying too dear for your whistle.” If I sawsomeone fond of _52_ who has fine clothes, fine houses, fine furniture, fine earrings, all abovehis _53_, and for which he had run into debt, and ends his career in a prison. “Alas,” said I, “hehas paid dear, very dear, for his whistle.” _54_, the miseries of mankind are largely due to theirpuffing a(n) _55_ value on things - to giving “too much for their whistle.”41. A. faced B. charmed C. sympathized D. provided42. A. disturbing B. attracting C. entertaining D. confusing43. A. trouble B. attempt C. choice D. bargain44. A. satisfaction B. relief C. annoyance D. stress45. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. However D. Indeed46. A. tempted B. determined C. forced D. persuaded47. A. took B. observed C. admired D. followed48. A. turned against B. gave up C. cared about D. relied on49. A. in case of B. instead of C. for the sake of D. in terms of50. A. merely B. similarly C. strangely D. positively第 4 页 / 共 12 页51. A. inconvenience B. burden C. frustration D. pain52. A. appearance B. wealth C. forts D. necessities53. A. demand B. fortune C. standard D. value54. A. As a result B. By contrast C. On average D. In short55. A. unexpected B. great C. false D. extraSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）When you think about coffee alternatives, garlic is probably one of the last things that es tomind, but that is exactly the ingredient that one Japanese inventor used to create a drink that looksand tastes like coffee.74-year-old Yokitomo Shimotai, a coffee shop owner in Aomori Prefecture, Japan, claims thathis unique “garlic coffee” is the result of a cooking blunder he made over 30 years ago, when heburned a steak and garlic while waiting tables at the same time. Intrigued by the scorched garlicsaroma, he mashed it up with a spoon and mixed it with hot water. The resulting drink looked andtasted a lot like coffee. Making a mental note of his discovery, Yokimoto carried on with his job,and only started researching garlic coffee again after he retired.mitted to turning his weird drink into a mercial product, Yokitomo Shimotai spent yearsoptimizing the formula, and about five years ago, he finally achieved a result he was satisfied with.To make his dissolvable garlic grounds, he roasts the cloves in an electric oven, and, after theyvecooled off, smashes them into fine particles and packs them in dripbags.“My drink is probably the worlds first of its kind,” the garlic coffee inventor told Kyodo News.“It contains no caffeine so its good for those who would like to drink coffee at night or pregnantwomen.”“The bitterness of burned garlic apparently helps create the coffee-like flavor,” Shimotai adds.He claims that, although his garlic coffee does give off an aroma of roasted garlic, it doesnt causebad breath, because the garlic is thoroughly cooked. And if you can get past the smell, the drinkapparently does taste a lot like actual coffee.If decaf isnt good enough for you, and youre in the mood for something new, you can tryYokitomo Shimotais garlic coffee at his shop, in the city of Ninohc, Iwate Prefecture, or buy yourown dripbags for just 324 yen（$2.8）.56. Which word is the closest in meaning to the underlined word“blunder”in the second paragraph?A. mistake B. show C. mixture D. brand57. Who is not suitable to drink garlic coffee?A. A woman bearing a baby.B. A student having trouble with sleep.C. A cleaner working on a day shift.D. A young lady sick of garlic.58. Which of the following is not characteristic of garlic coffee?第 5 页 / 共 12 页A. It is caffeine-free.B. Garlic powder dissolves in water.C. The burnt garlic creates bitterness.D. It is an improvement on a garlic dish.59. Which of the following can be used to describe Yokitomo Shimotai?A. venturous and greedy B. innovative and perseverantC. hardworking and cautious D. observant and helpful（B）How an advertisement is put togetherWhen you read an advertisement there are many factors you should consider, including:l target audiencel brand namesl slogansl pictures and colourl special offers/couponsl emotive/persuasive vocabularyTarget audienceAdvertisers aim particular products at different groups of people according to age, sex, social classand interests. They will often make assumptions about people and label or stereotype them.Who do you think these products would be aimed at: nappies, diamonds, mint chocolates, sportscars?What kind of products would be aimed at these people: teenagers, 25-year-old single men, 40-year-old working mums?Brand namesBrand names are chosen carefully. They can suggest particular lifestyles, values or interests and areintended to appeal to the target audience.Nissan Primera: this suggests quality. Primera is similar to premium and premier.Ford Ka: the spelling of Ka suggests novelty and simplicity. It is modern and futuristic. It is alsobound to stick in your mind when you are looking for a new car!SlogansA slogan has to be catchy and memorable. Slogans use a range of devices: alliteration, repetition,puns, questions, personal pronouns and humour.Have a break. Have a Kit Kat. RepetitionThe totally tropical taste. AlliterationPicture and colourAll pictures try to make you feel something and most are biased, even photographs. They create aview of what the world is like using different tricks such as lighting and colour.Different colours have different associations that can be linked to particular products.Yellow: freshness, sunlight, lemons. This colour would be good for advertising washing up liquid.Green: countryside, natural, healthy. What would you use this colour for ?第 6 页 / 共 12 页What do you associate these colours with: red, black, orange, gold, blue?Special offers/couponsAdvertisers often appear to offer something for nothing: if you buy one product you will receiveanother one free or half price. These offers are incentive to try a new product or to encourage loyaltyto an existing one.Emotive/persuasive vocabularyIn advertising you will find lots of words and phrases that are intended to persuade you or appeal toyour emotions.mouthwatering silky free chocolateromantic creamy luxurious like mum used to make60. What color is suitable for dishwashing liquid?A. Green. B. Red. C. Orange. D. Yellow.61. Which of the following slogans applies the device alliteration?A. Mosquito Bye Bye Bye.（RADAR） B. We do, we said.（HENNESSY）C. M&Ms melt in your mouth（M&Ms） D. Start ahead.（RLJOICE）62. According to the passage, to reta.n the regular customers, advertising panies tend to_.A. impress them with colorful pictures B. use promotional strategiesC. change slogans frequently D. create eye-catching brand names（C）Dental health: Brush with confidenceChildren should be taught to brush their teeth regularly. But the suspicion remains among somePeople, dentists included, that even so, certain children are doomed to develop dental cavities. Thehypothesis behind this fear is that some binations of genes may give rise to the sorts of oralbacteria which are responsible for cavities. If true, that would be sad for the youngsters concerned.But a study just published in Cell Host and Microbe, by Andres Gomez and Karen Nelson of the J.Craig Venter Institute, in San Diego, suggests it isnt true.The mouth is home to many species of microbes. Most are good. Some, though, are well knownto secrete acidic waste products when fed sugar. This acidity weakens teeth, causing them to decay.To try to find out whether a childs genes play any role in encouraging such acid-secreting bugs, DrGomez and Dr Nelson set up an experiment with twins.Their“volunteers”were 280 pairs of fraternal twins and 205 pairs of identical twins, all agedbetween five and 11, who had not taken antibiotics during the previous six months. The childrenwere asked to stop brushing their teeth the evening and the morning before the crucial moment ofdata collection. This was when the researchers swabbed the childrens gingival sulci（the cleftsbetween teeth and gums, in which bacteria collect）to find out what was there. The children alsohad their teeth scored by dentists as belonging to one of three categories: having no signs of currentor previous dental cavities: having signs of current or previous cavities affecting the enamel（atooths hard, outer layer）; or having signs of cavities that penetrated the enamel and allected theunderlying dentine as well.第 7 页 / 共 12 页Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson found that, though identical twins shared many groups of bacteriawhich were not shared by fraternal twins, none of these was a type responsible for cavities. Moreover,similarities in bacterial flora were greatest among five-to seven-year-olds, weaker among seven- tonine-year-olds and weakest among nine-to 11-year-olds. This suggests that any role genes do playin regulating the mouths ecology fades with time.Far from supporting the idea that some children are fated to suffer from cavit