2019版高二英语下学期期末考试试题(含解析) (III).doc

2019版高二英语下学期期末考试试题(含解析) (III)时量：120分钟 分值：150分第I卷第一部分听力（百强校英语解析团队专供）（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What will the woman do this afternoon?A. Do some exercise. B. Go shopping. C. Wash her clothes.2. Why does the woman call the man?A. To cancel a flight. B. To make an apology. C. To put off a meeting.3. How much more does David need for the car?A. $5,000. B. $20,000. C. $25,000.4. What is Jane doing?A. Planning a tour. B. Calling her father. C. Asking for leave.5. How does the man feel?A. Tired. B. Dizzy. C. Thirsty.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What does Jack want to do?A. Watch TV. B. Play outside. C. Go to the zoo.7. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. At home. B. In a cinema. C. In a supermarket.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. What does Richard do?A. Hes a newsman. B. Hes a manager. C. Hes a researcher.9. Where is Richard going next week?A. Birmingham. B. Mexico City. C. Shanghai.10. What will the speakers do tomorrow?A. Eat out together. B. Visit a university. C. See Professor Hayes.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. School friends.B. Teacher and student.C. Librarian and library user.12. Why does Jim suggest Mary buy the book?A. Its sold at a discount price.B. Its important for her study.C. Its written by Professor Lee.13. What will Jim do for Mary?A. Share his book with her.B. Lend her some money.C. Ask Henry for help.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14. Where does Stella live?A. In Memphis. B. In Boston. C. In St Louis.15. What would Peter and his family like to do on Beale Street?A. Visit a museum. B. Listen to music. C. Have dinner.16. What kind of hotel does Peter prefer?A. A big one. B. A quiet one. C. A modern one.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. How many lab sessions will the students have every week?A. One. B. Two. C. Three.18. What are the students allowed to wear in the lab?A. Long scarves. B. Loose clothes. C. Tennis shoes.19. Why should the students avoid mixing liquid with paper?A. It may cause a fire.B. It may create waste.C. It may produce pollution.20. What does the speaker mainly talk about?A. Grades the students will receive.B. Rules the students should follow.C. Experiments the students will do.第二部分阅读理解（百强校英语解析团队专供）（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Summer Holiday Fun xx!The summer holidays are upon us again. Here is our guide to summer holiday fun in Peterborough!Peterborough MuseumThe Age of the Dinosaurs is the museums main attraction this summer. Get up close to prehistoric creatures via some great hands-on exhibits! Watch out for monsters lurking around every ember! The museum is open from 10:00 am to 5:00 pm Monday to Saturday, and from 12:00 pm to 4:00 pm on Sunday in August.Call 01733 864663 for details.Saxon Youth ClubSchool holiday fun: Young people aged 13-19 will be able to produce their own music, pete in sports activities, or try their hand at cooking at Saxon Youth Club, Saxon munity Centre, Norman Road, Peterborough every Monday and Wednesday from 3:00 pm. PLUS an aero ball tournament will take place on Thursday, 12th August between 3:30 pm and 6:30 pm.Call 01353 720274 for details.Houghton MillThrough the Looking Glass a new production of the family favorite on Monday 30th, August. Bring rugs or chairs to sit on and a picnic if you wish to eat during the play. Gates open 5:30 pm, performance 6:30 pm-8:30 pm. Tea room will be open until the end of the interval. Adult 10. Child 7. Family 20.Booking advisable on 0845 4505157.Farmland Museum and Denny AbbeyFarmland Games: From Wellie Wanging to Pretend Ploughing matches, e and join the Farmland Team. Collect your sporting stickers and create a colorful rosette that is fit for a winner! No need to book, just turn up between 12:00 pm and 4:00 pm on Thursday, 19th August. Suitable for children aged four and above, each child should be acpanied by an adult and all activities are included in the normal admission price. Tickets Cost: 7 per child.For further information, call 01223 810080.1. If you are interested in cooking, you can go to _.A. Peterborough Museum B. Saxon Youth ClubC. Houghton Mill D. Farmland Museum2. You want to watch the new play with your parents, so it will cost you _.A. 7 B. 17C. 20 D. 273. Which of the following activities needs parents pany?A. Visiting the dinosaur exhibition. B. Playing farmland games.C. peting in sports activities. D. Watching the new play.【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B【解析】本文是广告类阅读。主要介绍了xx暑假期间的几个活动。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Saxon Youth Club部分的or try their hand at cooking at Saxon Youth Club,可知，如果你对烹饪感兴趣，你可以去参加Saxon Youth 俱乐部。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Houghton Mill部分中的Adult 10. Child 7. Family 20.可知，家庭票只要20美元。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Farmland Museum and Denny Abbey部分中的each child should be acpanied by an adult可知，玩农田游戏时，每个孩子都必须有成年人陪同。故选B。BPrateek Sharma was born into a family of farmers. After 10 years of being a chief manager of Kotak Mahindra Bank, he did a good job and earned a good pay. But Prateek couldnt continue the corporation life with ease, as his heart was always in farming. So he worked as a banker on weekdays and on weekends travelled 100 km to get to his 5-acre in Dhaba Khurd.By the end of xx, Prateek had set up a house on his farm to grow offseason vegetables. Prateek thought hed quit his job once he was able to earn enough from farming, but this wasnt an easy decision to make. This was because costs to grow these vegetables were very high, along with the fact that farmers werent a part of the value chain and thus couldnt decide the price of their own vegetables.Fortunately, Prateek met Vinay Yadav, another educated farmer. They then decided to start their own value chain and sell their vegetables and grains, while skipping the middlemen. The variety of vegetables they grew wasnt enough, so they decided to form a group of farmers.Once the plan was ready, the group was registered by the name of Farmer Producer Organization (FPO). However, the trial failed in the first year as most of the farmers were grain growers and had limited knowledge of growing vegetables. However, the largest reason was the switch to organic from chemical.Luckily, once the soil was used to organic methods, the next round of crops were successful and the FPO had a good amount of produce. So at the end of xx, Prateek finally quit his job and devoted all his time to farming. Now hes successful and recently his team has started two farmer resource centers at Dhaba Khurd and Nathrula Canj.4. Why did Prateek have trouble continuing his life as a banker?A. He felt it so boring to be a banker.B. He almost never satisfied his boss.C. He found farming easier to do well.D. He was enthusiastic about farming.5. Why was it difficult for Prateek to decide on quitting his job?A. The prices of organic products were low.B. The ine from farming wasnt much.C. He had no money to put into farming.D. He found farming produce hard to sell.6. What did Prateek and Vinay Yadav set about doing after they met?A. Building their own marketing system.B. Raising the prices of their products.C. Switching from chemical to organic.D. Adding the kinds of vegetables grown.7. What mainly resulted in the failure of FPOs first year trial?A. Their no experience in growing vegetables.B. Their poor management on the employees.C. The soils not adapting to organic farming.D. The wrong ways of doing organic farming.【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Prateek是如何放弃了自己银行工作，回去务农，并最终建立了自己的有机农业营销体系的。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段But Prateek couldnt continue the corporation life with ease, as his heart was always in farming.可知，Prateek不想再继续银行家的工作是因为他心系农业。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段Prateek thought hed quit his job once he was able to earn enough from farming, but this wasnt an easy decision to make.以及下文提到农业的收入不稳定可知，因为他的在农业方面的收入还不够多，所以他不能决定完全辞职去务农。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段They then decided to start their own value chain and sell their vegetables and grains, while skipping the middlemen.可知，Prateek 和Vinay Yadav两个人一见面就决定建立自己的营销体系。故选A。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段However, the largest reason was the switch to organic from chemical.可知，导致FPO第一年试验失败的主要原因是土壤不适应有机农业。故选C。【点睛】细节理解题主要要细心审题，直接就题找答案。解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文，而应采取“带着问题找答案”的方法，先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。如：本题中小题4中抓住题干中的关键词“FPOs first year trial”，很快就可以定位答案在第四段。然而很多同学会根据the trial failed in the first year as most of the farmers were grain growers and had limited knowledge of growing vegetables.错误的选择A选项，认为是他们种植蔬菜没有经验。这主要是忽略了题干中的“mainly（主要地）”这个关键词，而下文中的“the largest reason（最大的原因）”也是“主要的原因”，才是本题的正解。所以细节理解题请也不要忽略题干中的细节。CThe values of artistic works, according to cultural relativism（相对主义）, are simply reflections of local social and economic conditions. Such a view, however, fails to explain the ability of some works of art to excite the human mind across cultures and through centuries.History has witnessed the endless productions of Shakespearean plays in every major language of the world. It is never rare to find that Mozart packs Japanese concert halls, as Japanese painter Hiroshige does Paris galleries. Unique works of this kinds are different from todays popular art, even if they began as works of popular art. They have set themselves apart in their timeless appeal and will probably be enjoyed for centuries into the future.In a 1757 essay, the philosopher David Hume argued that because “the general principles of taste are uniform（不变的）in human nature,” the value of some works of art might be essentially permanent. He observed that Homer was still admired after two thousand years. Works of this type, he believed, spoke to deep and unvarying features of human nature and could continue to exist over centuries.Now researchers are applying scientific methods to the study of the universality of art. For example, evolutionary psychology is being used by literary scholars to explain the long-lasting themes and plot devices in fiction. The structures of musical pieces are now open to experimental analysis as never before. Research findings seem to indicate that the creation by a great artist is as permanent an achievement as the discovery by a great scientist.8. According to the passage, what do we know about cultural relativism?A. It introduces different cultural values.B. It explains the history of artistic works.C. It relates artistic values to local conditions.D. In excites the human mind throughout the world.9. In Paragraph 2, the artists are mentioned in order to show that _.A. great works of art can go beyond national boundariesB. history gives art works special appeal to set them apartC. popular arts are hardly distinguishable from great artsD. great artists are skilled at bining various cultures10. According to Hume, some works of art can exist for centuries because _.A. they are results of scientific studyB. they establish some general principles of artC. they are created by the worlds greatest artistsD. they appeal to unchanging features of human nature11. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?A. Are Popular Arts Permanent? B. Are Artistic Values Universal?C. Is Human Nature Uniform? D. Is Cultural Relativism Scientific?【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B【解析】本文是一篇议论文。主要讨论了艺术价值是否是普遍的这个问题。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段The values of artistic works, according to cultural relativism（相对主义）, are simply reflections of local social and economic conditions.可知，文化相对主义把艺术价值与当地条件联系起来。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段末的Such a view, however, fails to explain the ability of some works of art to excite the human mind across cultures and through centuries.可知，“文化相对主主义把艺术价值与当地条件联系起来”这样的观点是无法解释某些艺术作品在不同文化和几个世纪中都有着激发人类心灵的能力的。可以推断出在第二段出现这些伟大的艺术家，就是为了说明这些至今还在全世界流行着伟大的艺术作品可以超越时间和国界。下文的例子就是对上文观点的解释。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的In a 1757 essay, the philosopher David Hume argued that because “the general principles of taste are uniform（不变的）in human nature,” the value of some works of art might be essentially permanent.可知Hume认为，一些艺术作品可以存在几个世纪，是因为他们反映了人性不变的特征。故选D。【11题详解】标题判断题。本文主要讨论了艺术价值是否是普遍的这个问题。特别在文章最后也进行了点题Now researchers are applying scientific methods to the study of the universality of art.，可知本文最佳标题，故选B。DA new argument has been put forward as to whether penguins are disturbed by the presence of tourists in Antarctica.Previous research by scientists from Keil University in Germany monitored Adelie penguins and noted that the birds heart rates increased dramatically at the sight of a human as far as 30 meters away. But new research using an artificial egg, which is equipped to measure heart rates, disputes this. Scientists from the Scott Polar Research Institute at Cambridge say that a slow moving human who does not approach the nest too closely, is not viewed as a threat by penguins.The earlier findings have been used to partly explain the 20 per cent drop in populations of certain types of penguins near tourist sites. However, tour operators have continued to insist that their activities do not adversely（不利地）affect wildlife in Antarctica, saying they encourage non-destructive behavior in tourists, and that the decline in penguin numbers is caused by other factors.Amanda Nimon of the Scott Polar Research Institute spent three southern hemisphere summers at Cuverville Island in Antarctica studying penguin behavior towards humans. “A nesting penguin will react very differently to a person rapidly and closely approaching the nest,” says Nimon. “First they exhibit large and prolonged heart rate changes and then they often flee the nest leaving it open for predators（掠夺者）to fly in and remove eggs or chicks.” The artificial egg, specially for the project, monitored both the parent who had been disturbed when the egg was placed in the nest and the other parent as they both took it in turns to guard the nest.However, Boris Culik, who monitored the Adelie penguins, believes that Nimons findings do not prove his own research invalid. He points out that species behave differently and Nimons work was with Gentoo penguins. Nimon and her colleagues believe that Culiks research was methodologically（方法论上）defective because the monitoring of penguins responses needed catching the birds and fitting them with heart-rate transmitters（发射器）. Therefore, argues Nimon, it would not be surprising if they became stressed on seeing a human subsequently.12. According to the passage, which of the following messages is presented?A. No firm conclusions are drawn.B. Neither Culiks nor Nimons findings are of much value.C. Penguin reduction is closely related to tourist behavior.D. Tourists are not responsible for the fall in penguin numbers.13. Which of the following is right according to the passage?A. Penguins are harder to research when they have young.B. Tour operators should encourage tourists to avoid Antarctica.C. Not all penguins behave in the same way.D. Penguins need better protection from tourists.14. What do you know about the opinions of Culik and Nimon in the passage?A. They are unreasonable. B. They are based on each other.C. They are similar. D. They are contrary to each other.15. The underlined word subsequently probably means _.A. later B. calmlyC. separately D. earlier【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。主要讨论了企鹅在南极洲是否会受到游客的干扰，并对不同观点进行了说明。【12题详解】推理判断题。本文主要讨论了企鹅在南极洲是否会受到游客的干扰，并对不同观点进行了说明。而文中的人观点不一，有人认为是受到了干扰，有人认为没有。所以可知本文到最后也没有得出确凿的结论。故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段A nesting penguin will react very differently to a person rapidly and closely approaching the nest可知，并不是所有企鹅的行为都是一样的。所以C项说法是正解的，故选C。【14题详解】根据倒数第二段可知，Nimon认为游客打扰了企鹅的生活；而在最后一段，用了一个“however”，表示转折，表明他俩的观点不同：Culik，认为Nimon的发现并不能证明他自己的研究是无效的，并且他指出物种的行为是不同的，所以可以知道他们的观点是互相矛盾的。故选D。【15题详解】猜测词意题。根据上句所说，监测企鹅的反应需要捕捉企鹅并给它们安装心率发射器，所以可知，Nimon认为如果他们后来因看到一个人而感到害怕的话，那也就不足为奇了。划线词的意思应是A. later（后来）。此处是指被研究人员在研究企鹅时给企鹅安装了心率发射器，这种行为已经惊吓到了它们，所以它们在这之后再见到人时就会感到害怕。故选A。【点睛】在阅读中我们遇到一些生词是很正常的，还有一种题型就是猜测词意。当面对这此生词时，我只要明白：其实，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都是有一定联系的。这样，我们就可以利用语境（各种已知信息）推测、判断某些生词的词义了。例如第4小题猜测词意题。根据上句所说，监测企鹅的反应需要捕捉鸟类并给它们安装心率发射器，所以可知，Nimon认为如果他们后来因看到一个人而感到害怕的话，那也就不足为奇了。划线词的意思应是A. later（后来）。此处是指被研究人员在研究企鹅时给企鹅安装了心率发射器，这种行为已经惊吓到了它们，所以它们在这之后再见到人时就会感到害怕。故选A。本题就是充分利用了上下文语境的信息，找到答案的。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The Science of Risk-SeekingSometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking. _16_ Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work?The reason why any of us take any risks al all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. _17_ As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.So why arent we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. _18_No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. _19_ To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well._20_ For the risk-seekers a part of the brain related to pleasure bees active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear bees active.As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, well continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.A. It all depends on your character.B. Those are the risks you should jump to take.C. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.D. Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.E. This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.F. However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.G. New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.【答案】16. F 17. C 18. A 19. E 20. G【解析】试题分析：文章讲述了人们喜欢冒险的来源和科学依据人们都喜欢冒险，因为风险也意味着回报生活中人们喜欢做一些让别人意外和害怕的事，这和人的大脑有关视频【16题详解】F 前面说because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth tasking.当我们衡量风险和回报时，风险值得去冒；后面说Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us.有些人喜欢做一些让别人意外和害怕的事也就是说衡量风险的标准每个人都可能不一样故选F【17题详解】C 根据前面Risk-takers were better at hunting，fighting，or exploring喜欢冒险的人表现更优秀这意味着他们有更大的机会生存下去故选C【18题详解】A根据前面So maybe you love car racing，or maybe you hate it也许你喜欢赛车，也许你不喜欢这要依据你的性格故选A【19题详解】E前一句scientists say that your Willingness to take risks i