读书报告问题和普及文学知识.pptx

读书报告问题和普及文学知识,Prideandprejudice,Asalovestory,therearealotofproposals.Canyoudescribesomeofthoseimportantproposalsinthenovelandexplainwhatyoucanseefromthem?Giveananalysisonthedifferentmarriagechoicesinthenovelandshowyourunderstandingofthem.Chooseapersoninthenovelandgiveadetailedanalysisonher/hispersonalitywithexamples.,Thenoveldescribestheupperandmiddleclassloveandmarriageatthattime,anditseemsthatmoneyandonessocialstatusareveryimportantfactorsinoneschoiceoftheirMr./Mrs.Right.Howdoyouthinkofit?WomenslifeandsocialstatushavebeenveryimportantinalotofnovelsbeforeorafterVictoriaAge.CanyougiveafeministanalysisonPrideandPrejudice?Youcanexplainfromthefollowingaspects:womensstatus,thecharactersawarenessoftheirowndignityandtheirindependentchoices.,CanyoufindanyRomanticismideasinthenovel?Makeacomparisonandcontrastonthedifferencesbetweenthemovieandtheoriginalnovel.,Irony,asaninterestingwritingstyle,isconstantlyusedbytheauthor.Canyougiveussomeexamplesandseewhattheycantellus?,JaneEyre,GiveafulldescriptionofJaneEyrespersonality.SomeexpertsconcludethatJaneEyreistheauthorsdeclarationoffeminism.Canyoufindsomeevidencesinthenoveltoprovethisidea?,TessofthedUrbervilles,Chooseapersoninthenovelandgiveafulldescriptionofhis/herpersonality.TessoftheDUrbervilleswasoneofthemostfamousworksofThomasHardy.IthadreceivedmanycriticismsfromthedayitwaspublishedandtheheroineTesswasgenerallyregardedasapassivevictimoffateandcircumstances.Howdoyouthinkofit?Whatcausedthetragedy?Hardyshowshisgreatsympathytowomen,whichwasarealshockinthatpatriarchalsociety.CanyoutrytoexploreHardysfeministthinkingreflectedfromthenovel?,TheRomanticPeriod(1798-1832),Economically:thegreatIndustrialRevolutionContinuedfastchangestookplacebothinthecountryandinthecities;Manyfarmhandsdrivenoutoflandrushedintothecity;,Womenandchildrenwereemployedascheaplabor;Newmachinesweresetup,renderingmanyoutofwork;Disparitywasgrowingbetweentherichandthepoor;Expansionabroadcontinued:(America),Australia,Canada,NewZealand,India,theWestIndiesandothernations.,Romanticism/theRomanticMovement,anattitudeorintellectualorientationthatcharacterizedmanyworksofartsinWesterncivilizationoveraperiodfromthelate18thtothemid-19thcentury.arejectionofthepreceptsoforder,calm,harmony,balance,idealization,andrationalityareactionagainsttheEnlightenmentandagainst18th-centuryrationalismandphysicalmaterialismingeneral.emphasizingtheindividual,thesubjective,theirrational,theimaginative,thepersonal,thespontaneous,theemotional,thevisionary,andthetranscendental.,Characteristicattitudes,adeepenedappreciationofthebeautiesofnature;ageneralexaltationofemotionoverreasonaturninginupontheselfandaheightenedexaminationofhumanpersonalityanditsmoodsandmentalpotentialities;,creativespiritoverstrictadherencetoformalrulesandtraditionalprocedures;anemphasisuponimaginationanobsessiveinterestinfolkculture,nationalandethnicculturalorigins,andthemedievalera;andapredilectionfortheexotic,theremote,themysterious,Back,1.QueenVictoriaVictoriabecameQueenattheageof18in1837whenheruncle,KingWilliamIV,passedaway.SheruledBritain63years,VictorianAge,Historicalbackground,1.Theperiodfrom1836to1901whenthereignofQueenVictoriaruledoverEngland.,2.AftertheReformBillof1832passedthepoliticalpowerfromthedecayingaristocratsintothehandsofthemiddle-classindustrialcapitalists.,3.Englandbecamethe“workshopoftheworld”.,4.Yetbeneaththegreatprosperityandrichness,thereexistedwidespreadpovertyandwretchednessamongtheworkingclass.,5.TheEnglishworkersgotthemselvesorganizedinbigcitiesandbroughtforththePeoplesCharter,inwhichtheydemandedbasicrightsandbetterlivingandworkingconditions.,6.Athome,theIrishquestionremainedunsolved.,7.Therapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,newinventionsanddiscoveriesingeology,astronomy,biologyandanthropologydrasticallyshookpeoplesreligiousconvictions,Historicalbackground,.,Culturalbackground,1.DarwinsTheOriginofSpecies(1859)andTheDecentofMan(1871)shookthetheoreticalbasisofthetraditionalfaith.Newscientificdiscoveriesincreasedpeoplesreligiousdoubtsandanxieties,2.Utilitarianismwaswidelyacceptedandpracticed.Almosteverythingwasputtothetestbythecriterionofutility,thatis,theextenttowhichitcouldpromotethematerialhappiness.,3.Dickens,Carlyle,RuskinandmanyothersociallyconsciouswritersseverelycriticizedtheUtilitariancreed,especiallyitsdepreciationofculturalvaluesanditscoldindifferencetowardshumanfeelingsandimaginations.,Almosteverythingwasputtothetestbythecriterionofutility,thatis,theextenttowhichitcouldpromotethematerialhappiness.Thistheoryheldaspecialappealtothemiddle-classedindustrialists,whosegreeddrovethemtoexploitingworkerstotheutmostandbroughtgreatersufferingandpovertytotheworkingmass.,VictorianLiterature,1.Victorianliteraturetookonitsqualityofmagnitudeanddiversity.Itwasmany-sidedandcomplex,andreflectedbothromanticallyandrealisticallythegreatchangesthatweregoingoninpeopleslifeandthought.Greatwritersandgreatworksabounded.,2.Thenovelbecamethemostwidelyreadandthemostvitalandchallengingexpressionofprogressivethought.AmongthefamousnovelistsofthetimewerethecriticalrealistslikeCharlesDickens,WilliamMakepeaceThackery,CharlotteBronteetc.,3.TheVictorianagealsoproducedahostofgreatprosewriters:ThomasCarlyle,ThomasBabingtonMacaulay,MatthewArnoldetc.,4.Thepoetryofthisperiodwasmainlycharacterizedbyexperimentswithnewstylesandnewwaysofexpression,Majorwriters,BronteSisters,CharlotteBronte,EmilyBronteandtheirsisterAnneBronte,withIrishorigin,werecalledasTheBronteSisters.Theywereknownfortheirnovels.,CharlotteBronte,Charlottesworksareallaboutthestruggleofanindividualconsciousnesstowardsself-realization,aboutsomelonelyandneglectedyoungwomenwithafiercelongingforlove,understandingandafull,happylife.Inhermind,manslifeiscomposedofperpetualbattlebetweensinandvirtue,goodandevil.Besides,sheisawriterofrealismcombinedwithromanticism.Ononehand,shepresentsavividrealisticpictureoftheEnglishsocietybyexposingthecruelty,hypocrisyandotherevilsoftheupperclasses,andbyshowingthemiseryandsufferingofthepoor.Ontheotherhand,herwritingsaremarkedthroughoutbyanintensityofvisionandofpassion.,CharlotteBronteisawriterofRealismcombinedwithRomanticism.WhyisJaneEyrebyherasuccessfulnovel?,Thestoryopenswiththetitularheroine,JaneEyre,aplainlittleorphan.Thisnovelsharplycriticizestheexistingsociety,e.g.thereligioushypocrisyofcharityinstitutionssuchasLowoodSchoolwherepoorgirlsaretrained.ThesuccessofthenovelisalsoduetoitsintroductiontotheEnglishnovelthefirstgovernessheroineJaneEyre.,HardysnovelsareallVictorianindate.MostofthemaresetinWessex,thefictionalprimitiveandcruderuralregionwhichisreallythehomeplacehebothlovesandhates.Theyareknownforthevividdescriptionofthevicissitudesofpeoplewholiveinanagriculturalsettingmenacedbytheforcesofinvadingcapitalism.,Hardysnovels,Hisbestlocal-coloredworksarehislaterones,whichareknownas“novelsofcharacterandenvironment”,arethemostrepresentativeofhimasbothanaturalisticandacriticalrealistwriter.,InmanyofHardysnovels,theconflictbetweenthetraditionalandthemodernisbroughttothecenterofthestage.,Majorworks,UndertheGreenwoodTree,FarfromtheMaddingCrowd(1874),TheReturnoftheNative(1878),WessexTales(1888),TheWoodlanders(1887),TheMayorofCasterbridge(1886),TessofTheDUrbervilles,ItcameintoconflictwithVictorianmorality.ItexploredthedarksideofhisfamilyconnectionsinBerkshire.InthestorythepoorvillagergirlTessDurbeyfieldisseducedbythewealthyAlecDUberville.Shebecomespregnantbutthechilddiesininfancy.TessfindsworkasadairymaidonafarmandfallsinlovewithAngelClare,aclergymansson.TheymarrybutwhenTesstellsAngelaboutherpast,hehypocriticallydeserther.TessbecomesAlecsmistress.AngelreturnsfromBrazil,repentinghisharshness,butfindsherlivingwithAlec.TesskillsAlecindesperation,sheisarrestedandhanged.,Back,英国文学史时期分类及代表作家,1.TheEnglishRenaissance2.theperiodoftheEnglishbourgeoisrevolutionandrestoration3.Theeighteenthcentury:theenlightenmentandclassicisminEnglishliterature4.Romanticism5.EnglishcriticalrealismVictorianfiction，poetry，drama6.Modernism7.Post-modernism,