2019年高考英语 同步精练 训练1.doc

2019年高考英语 同步精练 训练1.介副词填空1With annual rainfall close_zero，Antarctica is technically a desert.2Antarctica holds 90% of the worlds ice，and most of its fresh water is_a frozen state.3_average it is two kilometers thick.4Yet Antarctica is full of wildlife，which has adapted_its extreme conditions.5The rest of the plants are made up_mosses，algae and lichen.6Gases and minerals，_the form of volcanic dust trapped in the ice，can tell us a lot of about what the worlds climate was like in past ages.7One rock，known_the “Alien” rock，may contain evidence of extraterrestrial life.8A Norwegian called Carstens Borchgrevink became the first man to set foot_the Antarctic mainland.9_particular，it aims to keep Antarctica free from nuclear tests and radioactive waste.10Today scientists_many countries travel to Antarctica to study its resources.答案1.to2.in3.On4.to5.of6.in7.as8.on9In10.from .单词拼写1Covering about 14 million square kilometers around the South Pole，it is the fifth largest c_in the world.2Strong winds driven by g_blow from the pole to the coastline.3But the long Antarctic winter night，which lasts for 182 days，as well as the e_cold and lack of rainfall，means that few types of plants can survive there.4With annual r_close to zero，Antarctica is technically a desert.5In some places it reaches a d_of five kilometers.698% of the surface is covered_(永久地)in the ice cap.7In 1961，a_(公约) signed by 12 countries，including Britain，France，and the USA，made Antarctica the worlds biggest nature reserve.8The aim of the treaty is to prevent the_(商业的) and military use of the continent.9Greek geographers believed that there was a large land mass in the south which_(使平衡) the land in the north.10When Europeans discovered the continent of America in the fifth century，the great age of_(探索) began.答案1.continent2.gravity3.extreme4.rainfall5depth6.permanently 7.treaty8mercial9.balanced10.exploration.翻译与仿写1Yet Antarctica is full of wildlife，which has adapted to its extreme conditions.翻译：_仿写：小孩子往往很快就能适应新环境。_答案但南极洲仍然栖息着很多野生生物，它们已经适应了那里极其恶劣的条件。Young kids often adapt themselves quickly to a new environment.2But more than two thousand years ago Greek geographers believed that there was a large land mass in the south which balanced the land in the north.翻译：_仿写：他在墙头上用胳膊保持平衡。_答案但是xx多年以前，希腊的地理学家认为地球南边有一块陆地与北边的陆地保持平衡。He kept his balance with his arms on top of the wall.3Sunrise and sunset e once every six months，and in the winter the total absence of daylight can be tiresome，and for some，depressing.翻译：_仿写：我不在时，由莱顿女士负责。_答案日出和日落每6个月才有一次，冬季完全不见日光会令人厌倦，对有些人来说令人沮丧。Ms.Leighton will be in charge during my absence.4Since most Antarctic rocks are dark in colour，they stand out against the white background and are easy to identify and collect.翻译：_仿写：高大的弗雷德在人群中特别显眼。_答案南极洲的大多数岩石是深色的，它们在白色冰雪的映衬下格外显眼，也就易于识别和搜集。Fred was very tall and stood out in the crowd.5But when land came into sight，the Endurance became trapped in the ice and began to break up.翻译：_仿写：她在找钱时把玻璃打碎了。_答案但是当陆地出现在眼前时，“耐力”号却陷入冰层并开始解体。She broke up the glass in her search for money.语篇填词Antarctica，the coldest place on Earth，is the fifth largest 1._in the world.The conditions there are quite 2._with nearly no 3._.98 percent of the surface is covered 4._by ice and strong winds driven by 5._blow from the pole to the coastline.However，it is full of 6._like the famous penguins，which can 7._its hard conditions.The ice there has bee a window on the past with gases and minerals trapped in it.It was not until 1895 that the Norwegian explorer called Carstens Borchgrevink 8._the Antarctic mainland.In 1961,12 countries signed a 9._to make it the worlds biggest nature reserve.Today scientists from all over the world go there to study its resources and to work together for progress and 10._.答案1.continent2.extreme3.rainfall4.permanently5gravity6.wildlife7.adapt to8.set foot on9.treaty10peace.单项填空1It was not until she had arrived home_her appointment with the doctor.Adid she remember Bthat she rememberedCwhen she remembered Dhad she remembered解析此句为强调句型，基本结构为 It is /was 被强调部分that其他成分。该句中是对not until.句型进行强调。答案B2All the employees except the manager_to work online at home.Aencourages BencourageCis encouraged Dare encouraged解析考查动词的一般现在时与语态问题以及主谓一致原则。主语为all the employees，而except the manager为介词短语，不影响主语与谓语关系，即谓语动词应用复数形式，排除A项和C项；又因 all the employees 与encourage之间为被动关系，故选D项。答案D3If your race car isnt insured，you may_losing everything when it hits something solid.Adelay Bdeny Cavoid Drisk解析句意：如果你的赛车不入保险的话，当它撞了硬物后，你可能会一无所有。risk doing sth冒着做某事的危险，符合题意。答案D4_I ask you something if you are not too busy?Yes，of course you_.AShould；should BCould；canCCould；could DCan；could解析考查情态动词。could 用于疑问句中，表示有礼貌的请求，不表示时态，因此回答时用can。答案B5_the poem a second time，the meaning will bee clearer to you.AYour reading BWhile readingCIf reading DWhen you read解析read的主语和bee的主语不一致，所以应用从句。答案D6The newers found it impossible to_themselves to the climate sufficiently to make permanent homes in the new country.Asuit Badapt Cregulate Drelate解析adapt oneself to使自己适应；suit(1)合某人意；(2)衣服款式(色彩)适合某人；(3)使适合于(口味、兴趣、工作)；regulate v(用法律)掌管；控制(机器、设备)；调节；relate.to把联系到一起。答案B7The bomb exploded，_victims in the building.Atrapped BtrappingCbeing trapped Dhaving trapped解析句意：炸弹爆炸了，受害者被困在大楼里。现在分词作结果状语，“trap sb in.”。答案B8It is wellknown that advertising is often the most effective method of_.Amotivation BextensionCcontribution Dpromotion解析promotion表示“推销；促销活动”，为不可数名词。句意：大家都知道广告是最有效的促销方法。motivation动机；extension延长，扩充；contribution贡献。答案D9To keep market prices steady，the government should first keep demand and supply_.Astocked Bpreserved Cprovided Dbalanced解析keep demand and supply后面需要一个形容词作宾语补足语，balanced意为“平衡的”。句意：为了使市场价格稳定，政府首先应该使供需平衡。stock进货，采购；preserve 保护，维持；provide提供。答案D10One of the important factors in determining whether you get good grades is your_of mind.Acondition Bstate Ccase Dsituation解析state在这里表示“状态；状况”。句意：决定你是否能够取得好成绩的重要因素之一是你的思想状态。答案B11He was_being killed yesterday.A car passed him at what he thought was a dangerous speed.Aused to Bgoing to Cup to Dclose to 解析close to表示“接近于，几乎”。句意：昨天他几乎死掉了。一辆小汽车以他认为很危险的速度从他旁边擦肩而过。答案D12Young as she is，the girl_because she won the first prize in the Super Girls contest.Aes out Bstands outCmakes out Dworks out 解析stand out表示“突出；显眼”。句意：这个小女孩虽然年轻，但是她在超级女生比赛中获得了一等奖，使她很突出。答案B13Have you e to an agreement?No，we havent discussed the problem_.Ain case Bin totalCin mon Din detail解析in detail表示“详细地”。后半句表示“没有，我们还没有详细地讨论这个问题”。答案D14In many developed countries，the rich_richer and the poor poorer，which_a social problem.Abees；are Bare being；is Cbecame；is Dis being；is解析the rich表示“富人”，作主语时看作复数。后面which is a social problem是非限制性定语从句，其中which指代的是前面的这个现象，所以看作单数。答案B15It is_that so many young athletes are ing into the team.Aencouraging BdiscouragingCencouraged Ddiscouraged解析由句意推断“如此多的年轻运动员加入进来”应该是“令人鼓舞的”。答案A.完形填空Antarctica is the continent which is the most southern area of land on the Earth and is mostly_1_with ice.This is one of the driest and_2_in the world.But people from all over the world e to_3_there.Near the South Pole，three thousand people live together in a place_4_AmundsenScott Station.The station_5_libraries，cinemas，shops，sports rooms，canteens and laboratories.There is electricity(电)，and they have_6_the system that they use to have a conversation with someone in_7_place.And they have_8_electronic machines that store information and use programs to help them find，organize，or change the information.But the people here_9_travel by car，or train，or bus，because there arent any roads or railways near the station.They_10_by ship，helicopter，plane，or snow tractor，or_11_dogs.There arent_12_trees or flowers there，but there are hundreds of different birds and other_13_.Most of the people here are_14_.They study plant and animal life and how ice_15_.The ice can_16_us about changes in climate.Ray Kingman is an expert at AmundsenScott Station，telling us_17_the phone，“This is my second year here.Its a very interesting and beautiful place，but life is very_18_in winter.In summer we can go_19_in hot pools of water.We wele newers here for further_20_of the continent！”1A.filled BfullCdiscovered Dcovered解析 be covered with由覆盖。答案D2A.warm areas Bcoldest placesCcool areas Dhottest places 解析由常识可知，南极洲气温很低，所以是coldest places。答案B3A.travel Bsettle Cwork Dlive解析由第五段可知，生活在这儿的人大部分是科学家，他们研究，可以推出此空应为“工作”。答案C4A.called Bcall Ccalls Dcalling解析called为过去分词做定语。答案A5A.built Bhas Cexists Dlies解析exist和lie是不及物动词，后不加宾语，故排除；build应为被动，所以选B。答案B6A.telephone BfilmCtelevision Drecord player解析根据句中的have a conversation with someone可以选出答案。答案A7A.other Banother Cthe other Dothers解析此处用作定语来修饰place，place为单数，可用another或the other来修饰。another为“另一个”；the other为“(两个中的)另一个”。答案B8A.printers BiconsCmice Dputers解析破折号有解释说明的作用。此处由后面的electronic machines that store information and use programs to help them find，organize，or change the information可知作者指的是电脑。printer打印机；icon图标；mice(mouse的复数形式)鼠标。答案D9A.dont BmustntCneednt Dshouldnt 解析由下文because there arent any roads or railways near the station可得出答案。答案A10A.go Bwalk Crun Dtravel解析由前面的travel by car，or train，or bus可知答案。答案D11A.with Binstead ofCon Din front of解析with后跟某种具体的交通工具，与前面的by并列。答案A12A.much Bany Cmany Dsome解析句意：这儿没有树木和花草。前面是否定句，故用any。答案B13A.plants Bthings Canimals Dlife解析根据上下文猜测，鸟类和其它的动物。因为birds属于animals。答案C14A.teachers Bscientists Cdoctors Dworkers解析根据下文They study plant and animal life and how ice moves可推出，只有科学家才研究动植物。答案B15A.flows Bmelts Cfreezes Dmoves解析这里指科学家们研究动植物以及冰层的漂移(move)。flow流动；melt融化；freeze结冰。答案D16A.show Btell Csay Dsuggest解析tell sb about sth告诉某人关于某事。其他词不和about搭配。show sb sth/show sth to sb向某人展示某物；suggest sth to sb向某人建议某物。答案B17A.in Bon Cwhich Dby解析on the phone/by phone用电话交谈；在通话。固定搭配。答案B18A.pleasant BeasyChard Dfortable解析but表示语义转折，空格处应与前面的interesting and beautiful相对，因此这里应填hard。答案C19A.swimming BboatingCfishing Dwashing解析根据in summer和下面的in hot pools of water推断出，这里是游泳(swimming)。答案A20A.life Bvisit Cstudy Dclimate解析科学家去南极的目的是搞科学研究，这里意思是欢迎新人来南极进行进一步的研究。答案C