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2019-2020年高中英语语法复习 第十五讲 数词讲练语法精讲 数词有两种,表示数目的叫基数词,如:one, two, three等。 表示顺序的叫序数词,如:first, second, third等。一、数词的构成1、基数词的构成及运用。(1)基数词1-12是独立的单词,one, two, three.(2)基数词13-19是以teen结尾,由个位基数词加后缀。但要注意thirteen, fifteen, eighteen三词的拼法有变化。(3)基数词20-90整十位数都是以-ty结尾。但注意twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, eighty的拼写变化。(4)基数词21-99是由“几十和几”合起来构成的,中间加连字符,如:twenty-one, thirty-three.(5)基数词101-999等三位数中,十位数和十位数之间加and。305:Three hundred and five, 999: nine hundred and ninety-nine.(6)1000以上的数,要用逗号。4,596 four thousand, five hundred and nicety-six. 18,261 eighteen thousand, two hundred and sixty-one.(7)基数词hundred,thousand, million,表示确切数目的不加s,如;five hundred.但表示不确切数目时,要用复数,如:thousands of.(8)dozen和score的复数形式注意以下几点,当dozen与数词或many several等连用时,不加s,所修饰名词前省去of,如:two (many, several)dozen pencils但dozens of, scores of, “好几十”。(9)在“几十年代”用“in the +几十复数”,如:in the 1990s或in the 1990s,要表达“几十多岁”时用“in + ones+几十复数”,如:in her twenties.二、序数词的构成1、除first, second, third外,其他序数词是在基数词后加-th, sixth, seventh.2、fifth, eighth, eighth, twelfth要记清3、整十的基数词变序数词时,把y改为ie再加th.twenty-twentieth , forty-fortieth.4、第几十几,只需把“几”变为序数词。Twenty-onetwenty-first, forty-fourforty-forth三、序数词的运用序数词前需用the.The second is my brother, April is the forth of the year.但有在序数词前加a/an,表示“再一”“又一”。Try is a third time ,please.四、分数和小数1、分数的表示法one half或a half, two- thirds , two and one third , one-fourth或 a quarter2、小数的表示法0.1 zero point one. 2.25 two point two five 205.37 two hundred and five point three seven五、倍数表示法:常用三种句型1、主+谓+倍数+比较级+than2、主+谓+倍数+as形/副原级 as3、主+谓+倍数+the名(size, height, length)of如:A is five times longer than B. A is five times as long as B. A is five times the length of B.六、日期表示法如:1998年5月1日可以写作,May I (st),xx或I (st)May,xx不能说1949 year,但可说 in the year 1949.公元前BC 221BC 公元后AD 1949AD=AD1949七、编号的表示法在谈编号时,可用基数词,也可用序数词。the+序数词+名 名词+基数词如:the first part part one. The tenth lessonLesson ten.另还有:Room 201, Gate 3, platform 5 Bus(N0)7, 1378 Yanan Road.
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