资源描述
虚拟语气,考点归纳,1.虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法,在“Itis/was+形容词或过去分词+that从句”结构的主语从句中，表示命令、愿望、建议等，谓语动词为“should+动词原形”，should也可省略。,如：Itisnecessarythatacollegestudent(should)masteraforeignlanguage.Itisdesiredthatthisrule(should)bebroughttotheattentionofthestaff.,动词wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在事实相反时，从句中动词用过去式；表示与过去事实相反时，从句中动词用“had+过去分词”；表示将来很难实现的愿望时，从句中动词用“would/could/might+动词原形”。如：HowIwishIwastherewithyou.IwishIhadntlostthechance.Iwishhewould/could/mightgowithustothetheatre.,在wouldsooner,wouldrather等后面的宾语从句中动词要用虚拟语气。尚未发生的动作用动词的过去式，已经发生的动作用“had+过去分词”。如：Iwouldsoonerheleftontheearliertrain.Idratheryouwenttomorrow.Idratheryouhadntdonethat.,表示“建议、命令、要求、坚决做”等动词（如suggest,demand,require,request,order,insist等）后的宾语从句中谓语常用“（should+）动词原形”。如：Isuggestyou(should)haveenoughsleep.Irecommendthateveryone(should)attendtheparty.,虚拟语气还可用在表示愿望、建议、命令、请求等的表语从句或同位语从句中，谓语用“should+动词原形”，should也可省略。如：Ouronlyrequestisthatthis(should)besettledassoonaspossible.Hemadethedecisionthatnothing(should)holdhimback.,2.虚拟语气在条件句中的用法,虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法：,在错综时间虚拟条件句（即主句和从句所指的时间不一致）中，动词的形式需要根据表示的时间来调整。如：IfIhadspokentohimyesterday,Ishouldknowwhattodonow.Ifithadrainedlastnight,itmightbeverycoldtoday.Ifsheweretoleave,Iwouldhaveheardaboutit.,含蓄条件句有时虚拟语气的条件并不是直接通过条件句来表示，而是用一些词或短语（如under,with,without,butfor等）或上下文暗示来说明。句中的虚拟语气一般表示过去的情况，这种句子叫含蓄条件句。如：,Wecouldhavedonebetterundermorefavourableconditions(=ifwehadbeengivenmorefavourableconditions).Withoutyourhelp(=Ifyouhadnthelpedme),Icouldnthavesucceeded.Butfortheheavytraffic(=Ifthetraffichadnotbeensoheavy),wewouldhavearrivedearlier.Hewouldhavegivenyoumorehelp,buthehasbeensobusy(=ifhehadnotbeensobusy).,3.虚拟语气中if的省略,如果条件从句的谓语中有were,had或should等词，可将if省略，而把这几个词放在句首，其意义与带有if的条件句相同。如：IfIweretodothework,Ishoulddoitsomeotherway.WereItodothework,Ishoulddoitsomeotherway.,4.虚拟语气在其它状语从句中的用法,在由asif或asthough引导的方式状语中，虚拟语气的形式为动词的过去式（be用were）或“had+过去分词”。如：Sheiswalkingslowlyasifsheweretired.,在由lest,forfearthat,incase等引导的从句中，虚拟语气的形式为“should+动词原形”。如：IranasfastaspossiblelestIshouldbetoolate.在由inorderthat,sothat或that引导的目的状语从句中，虚拟语气的形式为“may/might/could+动词原形”。如：Inorderthateverybodymayunderstandit,writeitinsimplelanguage.,1.在if条件句中的用法Sorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfI_time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.A.havehadB.hadhadC.haveD.had,D,常见考点,2.特殊用法Hadtheyknownwhatwascomingnext,they_secondthoughts.A.mayhaveB.couldhaveC.musthavehadD.mighthavehad由Hadtheyknown可知，虚拟条件从句中省略了if，将had提前。从句与过去事实相反，所以主句谓语用“should/would/could/might+have+过去分词”。,D,3.虚拟语气在定语从句中的运用Jackisagreattalker.Itshightimethathe_somethinginsteadofjusttalking.A.willdoB.hasdoneC.doD.did4.虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用Wherearethechildren?Thedinnersgoingtobecompletelyruined.Iwishthey_alwayslate.A.werentB.hadntbeenC.wouldntbeD.wouldnthavebeen,D,A,5.虚拟语气在asif/though引导的从句中的运用Donthandlethevaseasifit_madeofsteel.A.isB.wereC.hasbeenD.hadbeen,B,从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Wewouldratherourdaughter_athomewithus,butitisherchoice,andsheisnotachildanylonger.A.wouldstayB.hasstayedC.stayedD.stay,C,2._themorningtrain,hewouldnothavebeenlateforthemeeting.A.DidhecatchB.ShouldhecatchC.HashecaughtD.Hadhecaught3.Peoplearerecyclingmanythingswhichthey_awayinthepast.A.hadthrownB.willbethrowingC.werethrowingD.wouldhavethrown,D,D,5.IfMr.Dewey_present,hewouldhaveofferedanypossibleassistancetothepeoplethere.A.wereB.hadbeenC.shouldbeD.was5.We_backinthehotelnowifyoudidntlosethemap.A.areB.wereC.willbeD.wouldbe,B,D,6._nomoderntelecommunications,wewouldhavetowaitforweekstogetnewsfromaroundtheworld.A.WerethereB.HadtherebeenC.IfthereareD.Iftherehavebeen7.ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifI_it?A.haddoneB.havedoneC.didD.amdoing,A,A,8.Theywereabroadduringthemonthswhenwewerecarryingouttheinvestigation,orthey_toourhelp.A.wouldhavecomeB.couldcomeC.havecomeD.hadcome,A,巩固练习,根据括号内的汉语提示补全下列句子。1.She_(不需要亲自来)aletterwouldhavebeenenough.2.Ilostyouraddress,otherwiseI_(早就写信给你了).3.Theyarealwaysmakingtrouble.Ithinkitshightimethey_(被教训一顿了).,neednthavecomeinperson,would,weretaughtalesson,havewrittentoyou,4.HeinsistedI_(应该打个车)andofferedtopayforit.5.Youradvicethatshe_(等到下周)isreasonable.6.IshouldnothavemadefoolofyouifI_(早想到你是认真的).7.Ifyouhadspentmoretimepracticingmakingitbefore,you_(就能把它做得更好)now.,(should)takeataxi,(should)waittillnext,hadthoughtyouwereserious,wouldbeabletomake,week,itmuchbetter,1.DavidhasneverbeentoRome,buthetalksaboutitasifhe_therehimself.A.hasbeenB.hadbeenC.isD.were2.Tomwasabsentfromtheparty.Otherwise,he_wonderfulprograms.A.mustperformB.wouldperformC.musthaveperformedD.wouldhaveperformed,B,D,3.ThenewfilmdirectedbyStevenSpielbergwasveryinteresting.IwishI_itwhenitwasfirstshownlastSunday.A.sawB.haveseenC.couldseeD.hadseen4.LuckilyIgottothejobinterviewontime,orI_suchagoodchancetoenterthebigbusiness.A.musthavemissedB.mustmissC.wouldhavemissedD.wouldmiss,D,C,5.Ifyourbicycle_beoutoforderwithinoneweek,wewouldexchangeitforanewone.A.couldB.shouldC.mightD.would6.Now,goodfriends,letsdrinktoourhealthand_weneverforgeteachother.A.mayB.mightC.mustD.will,B,A,7.AlltheevidencesuggestedJim_themoney,butMrs.Smithsuggestedwe_hisparentsaboutit.A.hadstolen;hadnttoldB.hadstolen;nottellC.steal;hadnttoldD.steal;nottell8.Theyorderedthatforeverytreecutdowntwomore_beplanted.A.mustB.canC.couldD.should,B,D,9.Dontforgetyourtutorssuggestionthatyou_keepcreativeandimaginativeinordertomakesomethingdifferent.A.couldB.shouldC.mayD.need10.Hereyouareatlast!Butforthekindlady,I_bewanderinginthestreetnow.A.wouldB.canC.mayD.must,A,B,11.Ifshehadntbeensentonabusinesstripbyherboss,she_beherewithusnow,enjoyingtheshow.A.canB.wouldC.needD.must12.Itishightimethatwe_theproblemthatouragingsocietybringstous.A.willrealizeB.haverealizedC.realizeD.realized,B,D,13.DoyoumindifIturnontheTV?Idratheryou_.A.dontB.didntC.wontD.hadnt14.Theydemandedthatthegovernment_makeeveryefforttoprotectthestudentsfrombeinghurtinschool.A.mightB.shouldC.mustD.can,B,B,
展开阅读全文