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Earthquakes,Book 1 Unit 4,晨背佳作 积累素材,话题词汇 1.earthquake n.地震 2.fire n.火灾 3.flood n.洪水 4.burn v.燃烧 5.destroy v.破坏 6.rescue v.援救 7.survive v.幸存 8.die out灭绝,9.lead to/contribute to导致 10.in harmony with nature与自然和谐相处,话题佳作 4月20日，你省某市发生了强烈地震，造成了很大损失，学校号召全体师生向灾区捐款。请你拟一个发言稿，在学校捐款动员大会上使用。发言稿主要内容应包括： 1.对灾区情况的简单介绍(包括地震发生的时间、地点、造成的财产和人员损失等)； 2.捐款的意义(帮助灾区人民渡过难关)； 3.如何捐款(自愿、多少不限、以班级为单位，收齐后交到学校红十字会)。,佳作欣赏 Dear teachers and students， As we all know，a terrible earthquake happened in a city of our province on April 20，in which many buildings were destroyed and many people were injured. In order to help the earthquake victims，the school has called on everyone to donate money.This donation is voluntary.You can give away however much you want to.The money will be collected by each class before it is handed to the Red Cross Society of our school.,We hope that everyone will be kind enough to do what you can to help our fellowmen out of the difficulty. Thank you.,名师点睛 本文思路清晰，语言准确，运用了较多的高级句式，如定语从句、宾语从句、before引导的时间状语从句等。还有一些高级词汇，如call on sb.to do.，give away，be kind enough to do，out of the difficulty等的运用也使文章添彩。,内容索引,基础排查 点拨要点,语篇训练 提升能力,教材升华 综合运用,基础排查 点拨要点,(1)burst是不规则动词，其过去式和过去分词仍然是burst。 (2)burst into名词burst outdoing突然起来,A.写作必记单词 1.burst vi.爆裂；爆发； n.突然破裂；爆发 (1)It was so terrible I burst out (cry).(2016上海) (2)Hearing this，the whole class burst into (laugh) and my deskmates face turned red.(2013湖北),1,crying,laughter,2. n.百万 3. n.事件；大事 4.ruin n.废墟；毁灭； vt.毁灭；使破产 (1)fall/come ruin逐渐破碎 (2)When they returned to Rockaway the next day，they found their neighborhood in (ruin).(2016北京) (3)Years of fighting has left Iraq (ruin).,million,event,into,ruins,ruined,5.injure vt.损害；伤害 (1)As always，you should stretch(伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent (injure).(2015全国) (2)The (injure) were rushed to hospital in an ambulance.,injuries,injured,6.shock n.休克；震惊；打击； vt.& vi.(使)震惊；震动 It shocked me to see how my neighbors treated their children. (用what引导的主语从句改写) (用shock n.改写) (用be shocked to do.改写),What shocked me was to see how my neighbors treated their children.,It was a shock for me to see how my neighbors treated their children.,I was shocked to see how my neighbors treated their children.,7.trap vt.使陷入困境； n.陷阱；困境 (1)trap sb. doing.诈骗某人做 (2)Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people (trap) in powerless high-rise buildings. (2016北京) (3) (trap) in a traffic jam，he had to be patient，waiting.,into,trapped,Trapped,8.bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏 (1)be buried in (bury oneself in) 埋头于；专心于 (2)Because she buried herself in the film，she didnt know it was snowing outside. ，she didnt know it was snowing outside. (用现在分词短语作状语改写) ，she didnt know it was snowing outside. (用过去分词短语作状语改写),Burying herself in the film,Buried in the film,9.congratulation n.祝贺； (pl.)贺词 (to sb.) on sth.就(向某人)祝贺 congratulate sb. sth.为某事向某人祝贺,congratulations,on,(1)congratulation表达“祝贺”这一抽象意义时，通常用单数形式；用作祝贺语时，通常用复数形式。 (2)congratulate的宾语必须是人，再接on sth.，其后不接带不定式的复合结构或that从句。,10. n.裁判员；法官； vt.断定；判断；判决 (1)Id prefer to reserve my (judge) until I find all the evidence. (2) (judge) from her looks，she seemed to be tired.,judge,judgement,Judging,B.阅读识记单词 11.earthquake n. 12.nation n. 13.suffering n._ 14.extreme adj. 15.destroy vt. 16.rescue vt.& n. rescue. .营救脱离 come to ones rescue来救某人,地震,民族；国家；国民,苦难；痛苦,极度的,毁坏；破坏；消灭,援救；营救,from,17.electricity n. 18.disaster n._ 19.shelter n. He had a real gift for handling chores(家务活)，sheltering me unpleasant repair jobs.(填介词)(2014重庆),电；电流；电学,灾难；灾祸,遮蔽处；避身处；掩蔽,from,在take shelter(躲避风雨)，seek/find shelter from(寻找躲避的地方)等短语中，shelter是不可数名词，其前不加冠词。,20.reporter n._ 21.damage n.& vt. (1)damages n.损害赔偿金 (2)do/cause damage to对造成损害 22.frighten vt. (1)frighten sb. doing.吓唬某人做/不做 (2)A sudden stop can be a very (frighten) experience， especially if you are travelling at high speed.(2016浙江) (3)We know from the passage that elephants may be (frighten) of angry bees.,记者,损失；损害,使惊吓；吓唬,into/out of,frightening,frightened,23.sincerely adv. 24.express vt. ； n._ express 表达自己的意思,真诚地；真挚地,表达；表示,快车；速递,oneself,express作“表达”解时，后不接双宾语，即不能说express sb. sth.，可说express sth. to sb.。,1. 立刻；马上 2. 不重视 3.as if (as though)好像；仿佛,2,right away,think little of,as if/though后的从句可用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的假设，与现在事实相反，从句动词用过去时；与过去事实相反，从句动词用过去完成时；与将来事实相反，从句动词用would/could/might do。 (1)More generally，the Internet functions as if it (be) my memory.(2016江苏) (2)Once I was out of her life，it was as if I never (be) born.,were,had,been,4.at an end结束；终结 The meeting was at an end.(同义句转换) (come) (bring) (put),The meeting came to an end.,We brought the meeting to an end.,We put an end to the meeting./We put the meeting to an end.,5.a (great) number of许多；大量的 (1)However，there (be) a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.(2016全国) (2)The number of smokers，as is reported， (drop) by 17 percent in just one year.(2015江苏) (3)Large quantities of land in the area (reserve) for national parks these years，which (be) now home to bears，wolves， and other wild animals.,are,has dropped,have been reserved,are,(4)More than one doctor (involve) in the rescue that took place after the earthquake. (5)One survey shows that large amounts of water (waste) every year in China，and that one third is available to be saved. 6. 掘出；发现 7. 因而自豪,was involved,are wasted,dig out,be proud of/take pride in,1.In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were . 在农家大院里，鸡甚至猪都紧张得不吃食了。 too.to.还可表示肯定意义： (1)only/just/but too.to.非常去做 (only/just/butvery) (2)too ready/easy/eager/willing/anxious/happy.to.过于(太会)而做 2.It seemed ! 仿佛到了世界末日！,3,too nervous to eat,as if the world was at an end,具有总括意义的代词(each，everybody，everything，all，both等)、形容词(complete，whole等)和副词(completely，always，wholly，altogether等)与否定词not连用，构成部分否定，表示“不都；并非都”。而no，none，never，nobody，neither，nothing，no more，no longer等表示否定意义的词与谓语一起使用构成全部否定。,3.Thousands of families were killed and many children . 成千上万个家庭遇难，许多孩子变成了孤儿。 4. 不是所有的希望都破灭了。,were left without parents,All hope was not lost.,5.The army organized teams to dig out and to bury the dead. 部队人员组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。,those who were trapped,教材升华 综合运用,.教材与语法填空 Several days before July 28,1976，many strange things happened in Tangshan.The water in the village wells rose 1. fell.In the city，the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.They were 2. (sign) for the earthquake.But people in the city didnt think much 3. these events.At 3：42 am that day，the earth began to shake,4._ destroyed the city.Many people,5. (include) rescuer workers and doctors，came to rescue those 6. (trap) under the ruins.,and,signs,of,which,including,trapped,7. (late) that afternoon，another big quake struck Tangshan.More people 8. (kill) or injured and 9. (many) buildings fell down.Soldiers were called in to help the rescue workers.Teams were organized to dig out 10. trapped and to bury the dead.,Later,were killed,more,the,.教材与短文改错 Dear student， Congratulations! We are pleased to telling you that you have won a high school speaking competition about new Tangshan.Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of who agreed that it was the best one in this year.Your family should proud of you!,tell,the,whom, be,Our office would like to have you say in the new park，which will honor those that died in the terrible disaster. What you know，this is the day the quake happened forty-one years before.We invite you to bring your family and friends in that special day.,speak,who,As,ago,on,.教材与微写作 写作素材(关于地震) 1.这座城市发生了地震。 2.突然，世界好像到了末日。 3.几秒钟之内城市被毁。 4.管道裂开了，电也停了，大量建筑物变为废墟。 5.人们有的受伤，有的被埋。 提示：加蓝部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用as if引导的方式状语从句。,连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文),An earthquake happened in the city.Suddenly，it seemed as if the world was at an end.The city was destroyed in seconds.Pipes burst and electricity went out.A great number of buildings lay in ruins and people were injured or buried.,语篇训练 提升能力,. 阅读理解,. 七选五,. 完形填空,. 阅读理解,Scientists around the world have been studying the warming of waters in the Pacific Ocean known as El Nio.The appearance of El Nio is known to affect the weather around the world.Scientists still do not completely understand it.Yet they now find they can use it to tell about the future in different areas of the world.,One example is the work of two scientists at Columbia University in New York，Mark Cane and Gordon Eshel.A scientist of Zimbabwe(津巴布韦)，Roger Buckland worked with them.They have found that when El Nio appears，Zimbabwe has little or no rain.This means corn crops in Zimbabwe are poor.The last El Nio was in 1991 to 1993.That was when southeastern Africa suffered a serious lack of rain. The scientists wrote about their recent work in the publication Nature. Their computer program can tell when an El Nio will develop up to a year before it does.They suggest that this could provide an effective early warning system for southern Africa，and could prevent many people from starving.,1.El Nio is known as . A.the changing of the weather in southern Africa B.the weather which brings drought(旱灾)to Africa C.the warming of waters in the Pacific Ocean D.the weather phenomenon that brings heavy rains to Africa,细节理解题。根据文章第一句话可知，厄尔尼诺现象是太平洋的水域变暖。所以选C。,答案,解析,1,2,3,2.Scientists study El Nio in order that . A.they can put all this information into their computers B.they can tell why Zimbabwe has little or no rain C.they can do some research work in this field D.they can provide a kind of early warning to the place that will suffer from drought,细节理解题。根据文章最后一句话可知，研究的目的是提供有效的预警，避免饥荒的发生。故选D。,答案,解析,1,2,3,3.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A.Scientists come to understand how El Nio appears. B.Three scientists from the USA work on this subject. C.El Nio has something to do with Zimbabwes poor crops. D.Southern Africa suffered a serious drought and many people died from hunger.,推理判断题。根据第二段第三、四句“They have found that when El Nio appears，Zimbabwe has little or no rain.This means corn crops in Zimbabwe are poor.”可知，厄尔尼诺和津巴布韦的农业歉收有关系。,答案,解析,1,2,3,.七选五,(2016山东枣庄三中月考) Some people want to live a productive and successful life.There are many things for you to do in order to achieve this. 1 Here are some suggestions on how to successfully reach your goals，both large and small.,答案,解析,F And setting and achieving goals is one of them.,下一句“这里就如何成功地实现目标给出一些建议”，而F项(And setting and achieving goals is one of them.)恰好与其呼应，起到承接作用。故选F。,2 No matter what stage of life you are in，you should know what you want for your life.Ask yourself questions such as：Do I want to work in this career for the rest of my life？Do I need more education？Do I want to buy a house？What age do I want to retire？How can I have a successful marriage？How can I be a better parent to my kids?,答案,解析,C Decide what you want for your life.,下一句提到“无论你处于什么阶段都应该知道你想要什么”，而C选项(Decide what you want for your life.)恰好是对后文内容的概括，故选C。,3 You can write down all that you want for your life.But unless you know how to achieve those goals，it will just be a dream.Decide what steps you need to take in order to develop your plans.,答案,解析,D Make a plan and then write it down.,下一句提到你可以写下所有你想要的，而D选项(Make a plan and then write it down.)可以起到统领本段的作用，故选D。,Set large and small goals.Some people set 5- or 10-year goals but leave out the time in between.It is much easier to reach a large goal if it is divided into smaller ones.Here is an example. 4 So what do you do in the meantime？Goal 1 would be to start saving money.Goal 2 might be finding a house plan or researching contractors，etc.Big goals take a lot of time and preparations.So you should also set small goals for you to achieve when setting large ones.,E.You want to build a house in the next 5 years.,答案,解析,上文提到要建立大目标和小目标，而下文提到建房子的两个小目标，故E选项(You want to build a house in the next 5 years.)承上启下，故选E。,5 Find things to do in your spare time，which will help you reach your goals.Dont waste your time. A.It is never too old to learn. B.Make good use of your time. C.Decide what you want for your life. D.Make a plan and then write it down. E.You want to build a house in the next 5 years. F.And setting and achieving goals is one of them. G.Most people want to set a large goal and achieve it in a short time.,答案,解析,B Make good use of your time.,下文提到“空余时间找事做可以帮助你达成目标。不要浪费时间。”而B选项(Make good use of your time.)恰是对这一内容的总结与概括，故选B。,. 完形填空,(2016四川宜宾三中月考) I used to live selfishly，I should admit.But one moment changed me. I was on my lunch break and had 1 the office to get something to eat.,1.A.left B.cleaned C.prepared D.searched,午饭时间到了，作者离开办公室去买些吃的东西。由后文可以看到他已经到了大街上。,答案,解析,On the way，I 2 a busker(街头艺人)，with a hat in front of him.,2.A.led B.chose C.saw D.fooled,在路上作者看到一位街头艺人，他的前面还有一顶帽子。,答案,解析,I had some 3 in my pocket，but I would not give them to him，thinking to myself he would 4 use the money to feed his addiction to drugs or alcohol.,3.A.chocolates B.coins C.tins D.drugs,由第三段中的“dropped all the coins into his ”可知，这里是说自己的口袋里有一些硬币。,答案,解析,I had some 3 in my pocket，but I would not give them to him，thinking to myself he would 4 use the money to feed his addiction to drugs or alcohol.,4.A.almost B.only C.rather D.still,作者不把这些硬币给这位街头艺人的原因是他认为街头艺人只会用这些钱去吸毒或酗酒。only仅仅。后文说自己用这些钱仅仅是满足自己买可乐或巧克力的需求，这也作了提示。,答案,解析,He 5 like that typeyoung and ragged.,5.A.acted B.looked C.sounded D.smelt,他看起来像是那种类型年轻而又邋遢。look like看起来像。,答案,解析,6.A.Though B.For C.Therefore D.But,这里用but表示转折。但是转念一想，自己用这些钱又去做什么呢？,答案,解析,6 what was I going to spend the money on？Only to feed my addiction to CocaCola or chocolate！I then 7 I had no right to place myself above 8 just because he was busking.,6 what was I going to spend the money on？Only to feed my addiction to CocaCola or chocolate！I then 7 I had no right to place myself above 8 just because he was busking.,7.A.declared B.realized C.expected D.guessed,答案,解析,那时作者意识到自己没有权利因为他是一个街头艺人就把自己凌驾于他之上。declare断言，宣称，宣布；realize意识到；expect期待，预期，盼望；guess猜测，推测。,6 what was I going to spend the money on？Only to feed my addiction to CocaCola or chocolate！I then 7 I had no right to place myself above 8 just because he was busking.,8.A.it B.all C.him D.them,答案,解析,此处指作者把自己凌驾于“他”之上。him指他看到的那个街头艺人。,I 9 and dropped all the coins into his 10 ，and he smiled at me，I watched for a while.,9.A.waited B.followed C.stopped D.arrived,所以作者就“停下来”把所有的硬币都投进他的帽子里。,答案,解析,10.A.rag B.hat C.pocket D.counter,前文的“with a hat in front of him”作了提示。,答案,解析,I 9 and dropped all the coins into his 10 ，and he smiled at me，I watched for a while.,As 11 as it sounds，I expected something more to come from that momenta feeling of 12 or satisfaction，for example.,11.A.selfish B.awkward C.innocent D.special,前文不愿意把硬币给这位街头艺人作了提示，这里指“正像听起来那样自私，我期待”。selfish自私的；awkward难使用的，笨拙的；innocent清白的，无罪的，天真的，无知的；special特别的，特殊的，专门的。根据语境，这里指“自私的”。,答案,解析,As 11 as it sounds，I expected something more to come from that momenta feeling of 12 or satisfaction，for example.,12.A.happiness B.sadness C.love D.hate,作者在期待对方的感谢从而使自己感到幸福或满足。satisfaction一词也作了提示。,答案,解析,But nothing happened. 13 ，I walked off.,13.A.Disappointedly B.Unfortunately C.Coincidentally D.Comfortably,根据下一句“But nothing happened.”可知，作者的期待未得到回应，所以他应该是感到很失望。disappointedly失望地；unfortunately不幸地；coincidentally碰巧，凑巧；comfortably安乐地，舒适地，充裕地。这里表示“失望地”，所以选A项。,答案,解析,“It proved to be a waste of 14 ， ”I thought.,14.A.words B.effort C.space D.money,作者是把所有的硬币都投进这位街头艺人的帽子里，所以心疼自己的钱，认为这是浪费钱。,答案,解析,On my way home at the end of the 15 ，I saw the busker again and he was 16 .,15.A.moment B.day C.break D.event,在这一天快要结束的时候，作者又见到了那位街头艺人。,答案,解析,On my way home at the end of the 15 ，I saw the busker again and he was 16 .,16.A.walking around B.passing by C.packing up D.running off,根据下一句“I watched him pick up the hat.”可知，此时那位街头艺人正在“收工”，walk around围绕走；pass by经过；pack up收工，停工；run off跑掉。故选C。,答案,解析,I watched him pick up the hat and walk 17 a cafe counter.,17.A.around B.in C.behind D.to,这里是说那位街头艺人朝一家咖啡馆的柜台走去。walk to朝走去。,答案,解析,There he poured the 18 contents into a tin collecting 19 an earthquake fundraising(募捐) event.He was busking for charity(慈善)!,18.A.chief B.basic C.actual D.total,chief主要的，首要的；basic基本的；actual实际的，真实的；total总的，全部的。这里指他把全部的钱都捐了出去。,答案,解析,There he poured the 18 contents into a tin collecting 19 an earthquake fundraising(募捐) event.He was busking for charity(慈善)!,19.A.by B.for C.on D.with,他把得到的所有钱都投进了为地震灾区募捐的盒子里。collect for.为募捐。,答案,解析,Now I donate any 20 I have to charity tins and enjoy the feeling of giving.,20.A.work B.time C.energy D.change,此处的change指上文提到的零钱。,答案,解析,以上语篇训练之 素材提炼再拓展,.词汇拓展 1. appearance n.外貌，外观；出现，露面 填介词 (1) appearance it is a very strong building. (2)Dont judge a person his appearance. 2.feed v.喂养；向提供 (1)be fed up 厌倦 (2)She fed her baby cows milk.(填介词) She fed cows milk her baby.(同义句转换),In,by,with,on/with,to,3.rag n.破布；碎布；破旧衣服 in 穿着破衣服，衣衫褴褛 4.prove vt.& vi.证明；证明是 prove sth. to sb.向某人证明某事,rags,prove用作不及物动词时，具有连系动词的性质，其后可接名词、形容词、介词短语、不定式(主要是to be，且to be常可省略)等。,5.divide into把分成 Divide the cake in /into .(half) 6.in ones spare time 在某人的业余时间 (1)Besides，I often teach my English teacher who comes from America Mandarin in my spare time. 此外，我经常在业余时间里教来自美国的英语老师普通话。(2015四川) (2)I hope you could appreciate that I must (不遗余力做) well in my final exam if possible.(2016全国),spare no effort to do,half,halves,.句式升级 1.The appearance of El Nio is known to affect the weather around the world.(用it作形式主语改写) _ 2.Find things to do in your spare time，which will help you reach your goals.(改为并列句) Find things to do in your spare time .,It is known that the appearance of El Nio will affect the weather around the world.,and this will help you reach your,goals,3.I would not give them to him，thinking to myself he would only use the money to feed his addiction to drugs or alcohol.(同义句转换) I would not give them to him， I thought he would only _ the money drugs or alcohol.,because,spend,on,
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