2019-2020年高中英语 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars单元综合测评 新人教版必修3.doc

2019-2020年高中英语 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars单元综合测评 新人教版必修3第一部分阅读理解(共两节；满分30分)第一节(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。What science fiction (story) once told about other worlds far away is now a fact. Astronomers (experts at the science of the universe) prove another solar(of the sun)system like ours with some planets in the constellation Andromeda(仙女座)Geoffrey Marcy is a professor of astronomy and physics at San Francisco State University and says, “What we have found now，for the first time ever, is indeed a fullygrown systemof planets around the star Upsilon Andromeda. It appears to have three planets，one close in，one at a middle distance，and one farther out. The star is slightly larger than our sun. The planets are huge，like our Jupiter(木星)”Marcys partner in this research，Debra Fischer, describes the solar system，“Here are the inner planet that goes around every 46 days, the middle planet that goes around every 242 days, and then the outer planet that goes around every three and a half to four years.”Astronomically, its not far away, 44 light years. The sun of that solar system，Upsilon Andromeda，is so near and bright that it can be seen by using no equipment during summer and fall.For twelve years astronomers searched the skies in the belief that if our sun has planets around it, surely others do, too. Geoffrey Marcy says, “And then starting three and a half years ago, we began finding for the first time planets singly, one planet here around one star.” “When I look up at the stars now at night, I can imagine easily that every one of them has planets around them，” says Debra Fischer.It was a tremble (shaking)in the star that led Marcy to the planets. “The star rocks around due to the gravity of the planet as a dog owner gets pulled around by a little dog.”Can they support life? We dont know, because present technology is not advanced enough to determine what the planets are made of. That, Marcy says，is astronomys next challenge.1Whats the relation between Andromeda (A), Upsilon Andromeda system(U)and the mentioned three planets(P)?ABCD答案与解析：B推理判断题。通读全文可知Andromeda是一个星座，像太阳系；Upsilon Andromeda是一颗恒星，像太阳；three planets是它的三个卫星，因此可推出B项正确。2According to Debra Fischer，in the new solar system, _.Athe farther a planet is from the star, the longer it takes to go around the starBthe larger a planet is，the shorter it takes to go around the starCit takes all the planets around three and a half to four years to go around the starDthe planets move around the star at the same(均匀) speed答案与解析：A推理判断题。根据天文常识及本文所述，任何行星的卫星的运转周期不可能是一致的，越是远离行星，一般运转周期越长。3What led to Marcys discovery of the planets?AThat he found a dog owner was pulled by his dog.BThe tremble of Upsilon Andromeda.CThat any planet has gravity.DThat he believes any star has its planets.答案与解析：B细节理解题。由倒数第二段可知。4We can infer that the scientists are _.Ato find out whether the planets can support lifeBto find means to municate with the living beings on the planetsCto find means to travel to the planetsDsoon to be able to answer the question of whether there is life on these planets答案与解析：A推理判断题。其他几项提到的不是本文重点或没提及。BThe earth is the only planet that scientists think has life. Why does the earth have life while the other planets (行星) dont? For one thing, the earth is just the right temperature. As the_third_planet from the sun, the earth seems to be just the right distance away. The planets which are closer to the sun are hot that their surfaces bake (烘烤) in the sun. The farthest planets are cold balls.When the earth developed which scientists believe may have happened about 4 billion years ago many gases covered the earth. The gases caused the earth to be hot. But something wonderful happened. The temperature was just right for thick clouds to form. It rained very hard for a very long time. This gave the earth its oceans. Water made it possible for plants to grow. The plants created oxygen in the atmosphere. Oxygen is the gas that humans and animals breathe.Only one other planet in the solar system seems to be something like the earth. That planet is Mars (火星). Mars is smaller than the earth, and it is quite a bit cooler. But it is not too cold for humans. On some days, the temperatures are as low as a winter day in the northern United States. If you wore a special space suit, you could walk around on Mars. You would have to bring your own air to breathe, the air on Mars is too thin to breathe.Mars has the largest volcano (火山) in the solar system. It is sixteen miles high. The highest volcano on the earth is five miles high. The most unexpected (未预测到的) sight on Mars is dried up river beds. Scientists believe that Mars was once much better than it is now. Does this mean there could have been living things on Mars? Scientists are not sure, but there has been no sign so far.5Which of the following is NOT the reason that the earth has life?A. The earth is just the right temperature.B. The volcanos on earth are lower than those on Mars.C. There is oxygen in the atmosphere of the earth.D. The earth seems to be just the right distance away from the sun.答案与解析：B细节理解题。文中提到地球是可证实的唯一有生命存在的太阳系行星，其原因包括地球合适的温度、距太阳距离适中和大气里含有氧气等。B项火山与此无关。6The underlined phrase “the third planet” in the first paragraph refers to _.A. the Sun B. the MoonC. the Earth D. the Mars答案与解析：C词义猜测题。根据第一段中内容可知距离太阳第三远的行星指的是地球。7Which of the following about the Mars is NOT true?A. There could have been living things on Mars.B. Mars has the largest volcano in the solar system.C. There is almost no oxygen in the air on Mars.D. Mars is smaller than the earth, and it is quite a bit cooler.答案与解析：A细节理解题。文章最后一段提到火星上有干涸的河床的迹象，但这一点并不能证实火星上存在生命，因为还没有生命迹象，故A项不正确。其他三项都与文章相符。CMany of us are fascinated by time travel. Who wouldnt be enthralled by returning to the past or seeing the future? But time travel seems to be possible only in our imagination or in most cases, in science fiction.Science fiction is a world where impossible things can bee possible. But science fiction is not entirely fiction since it is based on science theories and principles. I have piled some of the popular ways by which time travel is made possible in fiction books：Through the wormhole(虫孔) It is a shortcut between points in spacetime. According to Einstein, an object can pass through this if it can travel at the speed of light with infinite mass. An example of a wormhole is described in Riddle of the Red Bible.Through a black hole A black hole is a vacuum in space where light cannot even escape or pass through. In some scifi movies, like Star Trek, black holes bee the means to travel through time.Through time machines In fiction, time machines are plex vehicles that can travel faster than light. A time machine can be a strange vehicle like TARDIS in Doctor Who or a specially modified car like the one used in Back to the Future.Through a parallel(平行的) universe Another popular way to travel through time is to be able to slip or slide into a parallel universe where one can go back to a point in time and see a different reality.Though we know time travel may not be possible, it is still an entertaining subject and a heated topic for most of us.语篇解读本文作者在文中介绍了科幻小说里讲述时间旅行的几种方式。8The underlined word “enthralled” in the first paragraph can be replaced by “_”Athrilled BconfusedCshocked Dupset答案与解析：A词义猜测题。从第一段中的“Many of us are fascinated by time travel”和“returning to the past or seeing the future”可推知，画线词意为“被迷住的，着迷的”，与A项意思最为接近。9The means of travelling through a black hole is described in _.ADoctor Who BBack to the FutureCStar TrekDRiddle of the Red Bible答案与解析：C细节理解题。从第四段中的“like Star Trek，black holes bee the means to travel through time”可知选C。10Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage?ATime travel will never bee possible even in the far future.BTime travel through a time machine will be the most mon means.CScifi writers have some similar experience as they describe in their fiction.DMany ways of time travel are described in science fiction besides the mentioned fours.答案与解析：D推理判断题。从第二段最后一句中的“some of the popular ways by which time travel is made possible in fiction books”这一信息可知，除了作者在文章中列举的这些方式之外，科幻小说里还介绍了其他方式。所以选D。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Friends are important to children. Research shows that children who have no friends might suffer from difficulties later in life. _11_ In making friends, children can also learn how to municate with others and solve problems.In order to help your children make friends, you need to understand the steps children take in building friendships.Be a friend to your children at home. _12_ Children begin to develop the necessary ability to go out and meet others through getting along with their parents. Greet the children warmly and let them know you are glad to see them. Children learn a lot from the time their parents spend with them.Teach your children how to solve conflicts (争执). _13_ If you know the children have a conflict, let them work it out on their own. Only step in if it is really necessary. For example, an argument is leading to a fight._14_ Have your children play games that require cooperation. For example, relay races are fun and provide plenty of practice in teamwork._15_ You can encourage your children to do this by setting an example to them when someone gives you a hand.A. Good friendships start at home.B. Encourage your children to show thanks to others.C. Give children chances to practice working together.D. Friendship provides children with more than just fun.E. Children should be wise when choosing their friends.F. As children grow older, they continue to depend on their parents support.G. Being able to work out conflicts is an important skill in getting along with others.答案：11.D12.A13.G14.C15.B第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。When Katie was nine years old, her teacher gave each kid in her class a cabbage seedling (幼苗). She _16_ the seedling in her backyard. Then she watered it every day _17_ it grew into a 40pound cabbage!The vegetable was too _18_ for her family to eat. “I knew my cabbage needed to _19_ a special home，” said Katie. So she _20_ it to a local soup kitchen a place that provided _21_ for people who were hungry.Because of her _22_， the soup kitchen invited Katie to help serve the cabbage. That cabbage helped to_23_ lots of people.Katie loved the _24_ of growing food to feed people. She _25_ she needed more garden space.Her school had an unused _26_， and Katie thought it was the perfect spot. The school liked the garden idea, and all the students were _27_ to help. But Katie didnt _28_ there. She worked with local _29_who gave her plots (小块土地) of land for additional (额外的) gardens.Katie hoped to grow all kinds of crops, _30_ she didnt know how. She asked for help from an expert gardener. Together, they _31_ the types of vegetables that grow best in the area. A seed pany then gave them all the plants.Katies _32_ grew even bigger than her cabbage. Her group, Katies Krops, now has seven gardens. All the land _33_ that they can grow a lot of food for the needy. Encouraged by Katie, lots of kids and adults _34_ to plant and water. Katies Krops has _35_ soup kitchens over 5,000 pounds of vegetables so far.16A. studied B. cut C. planted D. washed17A. though B. if C. until D. because18A. fresh B. hard C. sweet D. big19A. build B. accept C. leave D. find20A. sent B. returned C. told D. lent21A. houses B. jobs C. clothes D. meals22A. kindness B. happiness C. protection D. question23A. recognize B. hire C. feed D. save24A. silence B. luck C. trust D. satisfaction25A. forgot B. promised C. doubted D. decided26A. desk B. room C. field D. book27A. excited B. hurry C. brave D. possible28A. stop B. lie C. live D. help29A. students B. farmersC. teachers D. workers30A. so B. or C. for D. but31A. cooked B. chose C. hid D. changed32A. trouble B. idea C. picture D. mistake33A. means B. hopes C. feels D. advises34A. hate B. happen C. refuse D. volunteer35A. sold B. bought C. shown D. given答案与解析：语篇解读从一棵大白菜到如今的菜园连锁集团，Katie让无数忍饥挨饿的人得到她的恩惠。16CKatie把老师给的那棵白菜苗“种(planted)”在了自家的后院里。下文中的it grew into a 40pound cabbage是提示。17C白菜苗种上之后，Katie每天给它浇水“直到(until)”它长成了40磅重的大白菜。18D从前面的40pound cabbage可知，这棵白菜太“大(big)”以至于Katie家人吃不了。19D因为白菜很大，所以Katie决定为它“找(find)”一个特殊的家。根据下文她的捐赠行为可知答案。20AKatie把它“送(sent)”到了当地的一个施食处。21D根据who were hungry可知，a local soup kitchen是在义务为饥饿的人们提供“饭食(meals)”。22A由于她的“仁慈(kindness)”，施食处邀请她去帮助施舍这棵白菜。23C这棵大白菜帮助“喂养(feed)”很多人。24D见下题解析。25DKatie喜欢上了种菜帮助人们的这种“满足感(satisfaction)”，因此她决定“(decided)”要更多的菜园空地。26C根据上文的she needed more garden space及下文的it was the perfect spot可知，她的学校有一块不用的“地(field)”。27A由上文“学校喜欢她的这一想法”可知，学生们都很“高兴(excited)”去帮忙。28A从下文的. for additional gardens可知Katie并没有“停留(stop)”在此。29B根据下文的. gave her plots of land for additional gardens可知当地的“农民(farmers)”给了她一些小块土地。30DKatie想种植各种各样的作物，“但是(but)”她不知道怎么种。31B从上文的She asked for help from an expert gardener可知，她和专家一起“挑选(chose)”在那个地区生长最好的蔬菜种类。32B从下文的Her group, Katies Krops, now has seven gardens可知，她成立了Katies Krops，所以Katie用蔬菜救助人们的“想法(idea)”变得更大了。33A所有这些土地“意味着(means)”他们能为生活贫困的人提供更多食物。34D受Katie的鼓励，很多小孩和成人都“自愿(volunteer)”来干活。35D由上文可知Katie送给施食处蔬菜。所以在此用given。第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Once a man was walking along a beach. The sun was shining and it was a beautiful day. In the distance he could see a person 36._(go) back and forth between the surfs edge 37._ the beach. As the man approached, he could see there were hundred of starfish stranded(搁浅的) on the sand as the result of the natural 38._(behave) of the tide.The man 39._(stick) by the apparent uselessness of the task. There were far too many starfish. Many of them were sure to die. 40._ he approached, the person continued the task of picking up the starfish one by one and throwing them into the ocean.As he came up to the person, he said, “You must be crazy. There are 41._(thousand) of miles of beach 42._(cover) with starfish. You cant 43._(possible) make a difference.” The person looked at the man. He then bent down and picked up one 44._(many) starfish and threw it back into the ocean. He turned back to the man and said, “It surely made a difference 45._ that one！”答案：36.going37.and38.behavior39.was stuck40.As/When41.thousands42.covered43.possibly44.more45.to第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(每小题1分，满分10分)英语课上，老师要求同桌同学相互修改作文。假设以下短文为你同桌所写，请你对其进行修改。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号()，并在此符号下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。3必须按答题要求做题，否则不给分。My mother died months before and my father was often out on the business, so I felt very lonely. I missed my old life then my mother was still alive and we were happy. Laura was my best friends and cared about me very much. One Friday when I thought I will have to spend the weekend alone, I couldnt help cry. She sat with me, not saying something while I cried until I felt calmly. From that day on she often encouraged me face my life bravely. Gradually I began to consider the reality calmly. Under her help I was able to deal with my feelings better.答案：第二节书面表达(满分25分)中美中学生交流项目安排一批美国中学生来你所在的城市体验中国文化，为期一周，现在网上挑选适合住宿的家庭(homestay family)。假如你是光明中学高一学生李华，请根据下表提供的信息用英语给项目美方负责人Mike Smith写一封邮件，提出申请。Yougood at English, activeYour parentsfriendly, cook wellYour houseclean, fortable, extra bedroomsYour plansto show the students around .注意：1词数100词左右；2可适当加入细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯；3开头和结尾已经写出，不计入总词数。Dear Mr. Smith，I am writing to request the valuable chance to be one of the homestay families for the American students._ _Yours sincerely，Li Hua范文：Dear_Mr._Smith，I_am_writing_to_request_the_valuable_chance_to_be_one_of_the_homestay_families_for_the_American_students. As an active girl in senior one, Guangming School, Im quite good at English. My parents, who are kind and friendly, are for my idea that I host an American student. We have a clean and fortable house, which lies in a beautiful area of the city. Luckily, we have extra rooms for guests. My mother cooks well so the student will be able to enjoy delicious Chinese food. Whats more, my father is an excellent driver and we will show the foreign student around some local places of interest in our area. Id greatly appreciate it if I could have the chance to make friends with her/him.Im looking forward to your reply.Yours_sincerely，Li_Hua