2019年高考英语一轮复习 提分单元加餐练 第八辑 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors 新人教版选修8.doc

2019年高考英语一轮复习 提分单元加餐练 第八辑 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors 新人教版选修8.阅读理解Just in time for National Popcorn Day, a new study shows that people in whats now Peru were eating the snack about 2,000 years earlier than we thought.Coastal peoples were preparing cornbased foods up to 6,700 years ago, according to analysis of remains of the ancient corn recently discovered at the Paredones and Huaca Prieta archaeological sites on Perus northern coast.Previously, evidence of corn as a food about 5,000 years ago had mostly e from what are called microfossilsmicroscopic remains that do not offer information on the size and shape of the corncobs (玉米棒). But the newly found corn remains revealed a lot, via radiocarbon dating and other tests. The people who lived in Paredones and Huaca Prieta probably cooked corn in several ways: Wrapping a corncob and resting it on coals, roasting a corncob directly over a flame, or cooking a corncob in an earthen oven. In this culture, corn was a delicious food or a minor supplement to the dietarchaeological evidence shows they did not eat it in large amounts. Corn was first grown in Mexico about 9,000 years ago from a wild grass called teosinte, according to Piperno, whose research has been published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. A few thousand years later, corn was brought to South America, where farmers bred the plant crop into hundreds of varieties.Indeed, what surprised Piperno most about the new research was the diversity of cornfrom corncob shapes to kernel (玉米粒) colors discovered in the newfound remains. “Farmers like to experiment and grow cool things，” she said.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。一项新的考古研究发现人类在距今约6，700年前已开始食用玉米，比之前所认为的时间提前了约两千年。1What would be the best title for the passage?AAncient popcorn was eaten about 2,000 years earlier than thought in PeruBA new discovery revealed the mystery about cornCHow was corn cooked in ancient Peru and South America?DNational Popcorn Day and the newfound corn remains in Peru答案：A 标题判断题。由文章主旨段第一段并纵观全文可知，文章讲的是新的研究发现，人类开始食用玉米的时间比我们认为的还要早大约2,000年，故选A。2From the passage we can learn that microfossils of corn _ .Ashowed that people began cooking corn about 5,000 years agoBoffered detailed information on the size of the ancient corncobsCshowed the specific shape of the ancient corncobs Dwere analyzed by scientists via radiocarbon dating答案：A细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话中的“Previously, evidence of corn as a food about 5,000 years ago had mostly e from what are called microfossils”可知，玉米微化石显示人们在大约5,000年前已开始以玉米为食物。3What can we know about the newly found corn remains?AThey revealed people in Paredones and Huaca Prieta never roasted a corncob directly over a flame.BThey revealed people in Paredones and Huaca Prieta lived mainly on cornbased foods.CThey showed us how ancient farmers bred corn from a wild grass.DThey offered more information on ancient corn than microfossils of corn.答案：D 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句话中的“. microscopic remains that do not offer information on the size and shape of the corncobs”和第二句话“But the newly found corn remains revealed a lot .”可知，新发现的玉米遗迹能够比玉米微化石提供更多的关于古代玉米的信息。4What can we know from the last paragraph?ARemains of ancient corn were found in different places of the world.BVarious kinds of corn were discovered in the newfound corn remains.CAncient corncob shapes and kernel colors are quite different from those of today.DPiperno likes to experiment and grow cool things.答案：B 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句中的“what surprised Piperno most about the new research was the diversity of cornfrom corncob shapes to kernel (玉米粒) colors discovered in the newfound remains”可知B项正确。BThe ancient Maya mastered the art of ceramic (制陶艺术) in a manner which virtually no other culture did.The Vase of the Seven Gods, made in the area of Naranjo, an ancient city of the Maya civilization in the presentday Petn, Guatemala, shows the fine way Maya handled clay. Like all art of Maya, this vase exhibits highly religious symbols. Furthermore, the artists name is carved along the bottom of this piece in the form of a small white rabbit.Ceramics also served as reminders of ancestors and gods. The Flour De Lis Vase is a fine example of this. The water lilies are not only symbols of new birth and life giving qualities, but a constant reminder of purity. On this vase, the water lilies are white, which is undoubtedly a sign of purity. The black background shows the sea, in which the lilies float.Furthermore, ceramics served practical functions in the Maya culture. Vases, which are quite monly seen today, were used primarily to hold liquid chocolate and cocoa. Bowls were used to hold various maize (玉米) products. Maize was seen as the imaginary body of the Maize God and the ancient Maya thought that as one ate the maize or the body of God from the bowl, they actually became God. Plates were merely used for any object.Finally, Maya used depictions on ceramics to resurrect (使复活) family members and honor gods. Because they believe that they would e back to life with their names spoken or their figures drawn, the carvings and paintings on these ceramics played a vital role in Maya spirituality.Clearly, ceramics served a key function in ancient Maya society from dinner plates to acts of God.篇章导读：本文为说明文，介绍了古老的玛雅文化和古代玛雅人高超的制陶艺术。5What do we know from the passage?AThe art of ceramic of the ancient Maya was instructed by gods.BThe Vase of the Seven Gods was made by the people of Guatemala.CThe art of ceramic of the ancient Maya was the best in the world at that time.DNaranjo is a wellknown city of Guatemala at present.答案：C 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，古老的玛雅文化中的制陶艺术是当时其他文化所没有掌握的。因而在当时它也是最好的，故选C。6Which of the following is a characteristic of the art of Maya?ASeven gods are carved on a vase.BA vase exhibits highly religious symbols.CThe artists name is carved on the top of a vase.DThere is a big white rabbit on a vase.答案：B 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Like all art of Maya, this vase exhibits highly religious symbols.”可知，像所有玛雅艺术品一样，带有七个神明的花瓶展示了高度宗教化的符号，故答案为B。7The ancient Maya used the Flour De Lis Vase to _ .Aremind them of their ancestors and godsBhold water and grain or cook foodCshow the importance of new birth and lifeDexpress peoples pure friendship and love答案：A 细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句“Ceramics also served as reminders of ancestors and gods. The Flour De Lis Vase is a fine example of this.”可知，古玛雅人以此来祭祀祖先和神明，故答案为A。8The Maya carved names and figures of family members on ceramics to_ .Ahonor their family membersBbe remembered by their childrenCdraw the attention of the shoppersDwish they would e back to life答案：D 细节理解题。根据第五段第二句中的“Because they believe that they would e back to life with their names spoken or their figures drawn”可知，他们希望以此方式让家人复活，故答案为D。.七选五UrbanizationUntil relatively recently, the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago. _1_ In fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural (乡村的) villages. It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in historya society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living. Britain was only the beginning. _2_The process of urbanizationthe migration (迁徙) of people from the countryside to the citywas the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live. In 1990, fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms. _3_ Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies, it took about ninetyfive people on farms to feed five people in cities. _4_ Until modern times, those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite (精英) and the servants, laborers and professionals who served them. Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.Over the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country. _5_ Today, instead of needing ninetyfive farmers to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred nonfarmers.AThat kept cities very small.BThe rest live in small towns.CThe effects of urban living on people should be considered.DSoon many other industrial nations became urban societies.EBut even 200 years ago, only a few people could live in cities.FModernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.GModern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.篇章导读：本文为说明文，介绍了古老的玛雅文化和古代玛雅人高超的制陶艺术。1E 上文提到5,500年之前出现了第一座城市，根据下文中的“In fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural (乡村的) villages.”可知，还是几乎所有的人都居住在农村，上下文明显存在转折关系。2D 前文讲到英国是最早出现的城市化社会；并由下文中的关键词“The process of urbanization .”可知，既然出现了城市化的进程，说明不久许多工业国家变成城市社会。上下文为顺承关系。3B 联系上两句中的“. over 82% . live in cities”和“Only about 2% live on farms.”可知，剩下的住在小镇里。4A 设空处前一句作为原因，导致的结果就是：使城市一直保持很小的规模，因而A项符合语境，且其中的That指代前一句整句内容；另外，下文中的“Until modern times, those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite (精英) and the servants, laborers and professionals who served them.”也是对A项内容的进一步阐释。5F 上文是因：工业革命打破了城乡之间的平衡；选项是果：现代化使农民进城并使得农业生产效率提高很多；且从下文的描述中可以进一步印证这一结果。.语法填空I am a student and parttime waitress in Chicago._1_ I grew up, I was used to words such as “Dont talk to strangers.” As a result, I dont talk to unknown people at work except _2_(take) orders.One night, an old man, probably in his _3_ (eighty), came in. I took his order and went on my way. I noticed that he came in week after week. _4_(slow), we began having short conversations together. I learned that he and his wife had gone to dinner and _5_movies every Saturday. After his wife died, he _6_(carry) on the tradition alone. Eventually, we talked about his wife, his days, his son and my dreams _7_ well. Since I got to know him, I _8_(learn) that strangers can bee friends and that life can be more _9_(enjoy) if I make friendly conversations. After all, I became more than just his waitress _10_ I became his friend, too.1_2._3._4._5._6._7._8._9._ 10._ 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者很少和陌生人交流，但是在做兼职服务员时却和一位陌生的老人互相了解，成了朋友。作者从中领悟到，陌生人也可以成为朋友。如果我们友好地交流，生活就会变得更美好。1As/When考查连词。根据句意可知，空处引导一个时间状语从句，故填As/When。2taking 考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，除了点菜，我工作中从不跟不认识的人说话。逻辑主语I与动词take之间为主动关系，且except是介词，故填take的现在分词形式taking。3eighties 考查固定用法。“in ones表示几十的基数词的复数形式”意为“某人几十多岁”。故填eighties。4Slowly 考查副词。修饰整个句子应用副词形式。形容词slow的副词形式是slowly，意为“缓慢地；逐渐地”。5the 考查冠词。go to the movies为常用表达，意为“去看电影”。6carried 考查动词的时态。句意：他的妻子死后，他一个人继续坚持着这个惯例。根据上下文可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填动词carry的过去式carried。7as 考查固定短语。此处表述也谈到了“我”的梦想。as well “也”。根据句意可知，此处填as。8have learned/learnt 考查动词的时态。根据提示词Since可知，主句要用现在完成时。故填have learned/learnt。9enjoyable 考查词性转换。此处表述“如果生活会更快乐”。be动词后用形容词作表语。故填动词enjoy的形容词形式enjoyable，意为“有趣的；愉快的”。10and 考查连词。句意：毕竟，我不仅仅是他的服务生，还成了他的朋友。根据上下文可知，此处是并列关系，故填and。.书面表达假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国历史很感兴趣，并请你介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物。请你给Jim回信，内容包括：1.该人物是谁；2.该人物的主要贡献；3.该人物对你的影响。注意：1.词数不少于50；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Jim，_Yours，Li Hua标准范文Dear_Jim，Its great to hear from you. I feel proud knowing your interest in Chinese history.As for my favorite figure in Chinese history, it must be Wei Yuan, a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty. He, in his book, Haiguo Tuzhi (Maps and Records of the World), introduced modern technologies and ideas to China. That opened our eyes to the world. In fact, he inspires me to pursue a major in English in college, and to be a bridge between China and the world.Interested in knowing more? I can find you some books! Just let me know.Cheers!Yours，Li_Hua