2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习 Unit3—Unit4词汇.doc

2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习 Unit3Unit4词汇词汇单词consider， means， transportation，transport，board，experience，vocation，equipment，poisonous，poison，stream，normal，excitement，handle, adventurous，similarity；particular，separate，bine，task，host，unforgettable，scare，rescue, advance，advantage, seize，drag，swallow，struggle，flow，shake，strike，destroy，deadline， fear，opportunity，article，agent，temple，touch，naughty，note词组means of transportation，have a new experience，try doing，get close to，go for a hike， watch out(for)，protectfrom，get away from，in a few days time，seeoff，say hi to， on the other hand，at least，pick up，find out， make notes，take place，used to do sth，be caught in，be on fire，work as，a big mass of water，sweep away，hold on to，be upon，pull sbup，get on ones feet，fight for ones life，move up，cut down，up and down，work out，refer to，go on a holiday，take photos of sb，look into，with a look of fright，as well as just around the corner，look out of 语法交际用语Say hi to Bob for meHave a good tripWere planning for funI hope soIt scares meDont worryDont be afraid!Itll be OK (all right)Its all rightKeep trying常用句型Instead of spending your vacation on a bus，in a hotel or sitting on the beach，you may want to try hikingWatch out for dangers，such as spiders，snakes or poisonous plantsYou should not go rafting unless you know how to swim，and you should always wear a life jacketJane and Betty are going on separate holidays in a few days timeBettys parents have been married for more than 25 yearsBefore she could move，she heard a great noise，which grew to a terrible roarTree after tree were cut down by the water，which must have been three metres deepI found some photos of interesting places which were too far away from ChengduHe told us that I could go on a two-day trip to Leshan and Emei,which wasnt too expensiveLooking up at the large head and down at the large feet makes you feel so small辨析词语 (1) protectfrompreventfromstopfrom protectfrom(against)意义为“保护某人(某物) 免受的伤害。” 例：You need warm clothes to protect you from (against)the cold preventfrom和stopfrom表示“阻止某人做某事”的意思。 例：The heavy rain stopped us from starting out on time Something must be done to prevent the river from being polluted (2)as withas foras to as with意为“正如一样”。 例：As with drawing a picture，you should be patient and careful in doing this jobas for意为“至于”(有时暗示不关心或轻视)。例：As for you，I have never wanted to see you here again as to意为“关于；至于”(多用于句首)。 例：As to your brother，1 will deal with him later (3)take placebreak outhappen take place意思是“发生”，多指有目的、有步骤的发生，因此多指变化、进步等。 例：Great changes have taken place in my hometown since the 1980s break out指“突然爆发”，强调其“出人意料的”，多指地震、火山、火灾及战争的突然发生。 例：A big fire broke out in the forest last month and now it has been pletely put out happen指一般事件的发生。例：Many people are gathering thereWhat do you think has happened? (4)itoneonesthatthose it，one，ones，that，those这几个词常用来替代句中或上文中已提到的名词，以避免重复。但我们应注意它们所使用的场合。 it用于指代前面提到过的名词，而且就是指那个名词，即同类同物。it可以替代单数可数名词或不可数名词。 例：He looked for his watch everywhere yesterday，but couldnt find it anywhere one通常用来代替上文中出现过的可数名词或以可数名词为中心词的整个名词词组，意思是指与有关名词同类型的另一个(或另一些)。通常用one代替单数可数名词，而ones代替复数可数名词。 例：I have lost my penAnd Im going to buy a new one He has a new coat and several old ones that用来代替上文中出现的名词，它表示与上文中同类的东西。that既可以代替可数名词，也可以代替不可数名词，常要求有后置定语，一般不指人。 例：The price of wheat is higher than that of rice those可用来替代可数名词的复数，表示特指，常要求有后置定语；有时可与the ones互换使用。 例：The students in our class work harder than those in their class (5)prepareprepare forbe prepared for prepare意思是“准备”，指直接做某事。 例：Mum is preparing supperCan you ask her the question some other time? prepare for并非直接做某事，而是指“为某事做准备”。 例：Students are preparing for the ing examinations be prepared for在许多情况下可以与prepare for替换使用。但当表示对即将到来的不好的事情做好了准备时，多用be prepared for。 例：We must expect the best and be prepared for the worst (6)wearput ondresstry on wear意为“穿着，戴着”，用于穿衣服、鞋，戴手套、眼镜、手表及留的头发、胡须长短、式样等，强调“穿着”的状态。 例：My maths teacher wears a pair of glassesput on意为“穿上，戴上”；表示“穿”的动作，可用于穿衣、鞋、袜、戴帽子、手套等。 例：He put on his hat and gloves and went out to play dress可用作及物动词，也可以用作不及物动词，只用于穿衣服，不用于穿鞋、戴帽、戴手套等，be dressed in表示某人“穿着”的状态，其后面常接衣物或表示颜色的形容词。 例：Get up and dress quickly，or you11 be late for school Do you know the girl who is dressed in red? try on表示“试穿(衣服)是否合身”。例：He tried the coat on and found it was too large识记句型1 As with hiking，you should always think about your safety and wear good clothes2 Before they reached the house，a new great wave came，sweeping down trees，and sweeping them down3 Watch out for dangers，such as spiders，snakes or poisonous plants4 You should not go rafting unless you know how to swim，and you should always wear a life jacket5 Jane and Betty are going on separate holidays in a few daystime6 Before she could move，she heard a great noise，which grew to a terrible roar7 Tree after tree were cut down by the water，which must have been three metres deep8 Looking up at the large head and down at the large feet makes you feel so small触类旁通1No one doubts _ you will support them Athat Bwhether Cif Dwhat 【答案】A 【解析】 doubt用于否定句或疑问句，后接that引导的名词性从句。doubt用于肯定句，用whetherif连接名词性从句。2_ on time，the medicine will be quite effective ATaking BBeing taken CTaken DHaving taken 【答案】 C 【解析】药是被服用的，故考虑用过去分词，A、D项表示主动，B项表示正在进行。3We still need ten thousand yuan to _ the sum we asked for on the program Amake up Bmake into Cmake of Dmade from 【答案】A 【解析】make up补足；make into制成成品；make offrom由制成。4I wished I _ the ability to fly in the sky when I was a childBut now I wish I _ go to the universe in a rocket Ahad；can Bhad；could Chad got；could Dhad got；can 【答案】C 【解析】wish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，第一句表示与过去相反的事实，用过去完成时；第二句表示与现在相反的事实，用一般过去时。5They _ us to be here at five，but we are late Ahoped Bthought Cforced Dsupposed 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词的辨异。suppose作“料想”解，后可接“宾语+to be”结构。A、B语法错误，C意思不妥。6The Olympic Games， in 776 BC，did not include women players until 1912 Afirst played Bto be first played Cfirst playing Dto be first playing 【答案】A 【解析】 考查过去分词的用法。过去分词作定语表示被动和完成，句意为：公元前776年开始举行的奥林匹克运动会，直到1912年才允许妇女参加。7Sun Zhongshan was supposed a doctor，but he a famous politician Ato be；turned Bto be；became C/;turned D. because 【答案】B 【解析】be supposed to“应该，被期望”，含有“本应该如何但事实并非如此”之意。turn后加名词。此名词前一般不加冠词。如：He turned doctor after graduation8The old gentleman never fails to help is in need of his help Awho Bwhom Cwhoever Dwhomever 【答案】C 【解析】 help后跟的是宾语从句，所缺词既连接宾语从句，又能在从句中作主语，whoever=anyone who。whoever is in need of his help属名词性从句，作help的宾语。9How I regret the hours in the woods and fields, I should have studied Awasting；where Bwasted；where Cwasting；when Dwasted；when 【答案】D 【解析】此题考查过去分词和非限定性定语从句的用法。hours是“被浪费”，故排除A、C两项，后半句是定语从句，修饰hours，就应用when做引导词。10It would be safe if you the door to the garden Afasten；led Bwill fasten；leads Cfastened；leading Dfastened；to lead 【答案】C 【解析】此题考查虚拟语气在条件句中的运用，主句为would+原形，那么条件句应为：if+动词过去时或should+动词原形或were to+原形。第二个空需要一个现在分词作后置定语。故选C。考题回放1 Franks dream was to have his own shop to produce the workings of his own hands(xx湖南卷) Athat Bin which Cby which Dhow 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查特殊的定语从句：介词+关系词(whichwhom)+to do sth，又如：We must find a room in which to stay.2 Did Jack e back early last night? YesIt was not yet eight oclock he arrived home (xx福建卷) Abefore Bwhen Cthat Duntil 【答案】B 【解析】 when引导的定语从句修饰eihgt oclock。此题易误选that。若题目改为It was at eight oclock he arrived home则应选that，属于强调结构。3 Allen had to call a taxi because the box was to carry all the way home(xx全国卷) Amuch too heavy Btoo much heavy Cheavy too much Dtoo heavy much 【答案】A 【解析】heavy是形容词，应用much too修饰，故选A项。4 Victor apologized for to inform me of the change in the plan(xx上海春季卷) Ahis being not able Bhim not to be able Chis not being able Dhim to be not able 【答案】C【解析】for后面用v.-ing形式，其否定式在其前加not5 I hurried I would not be late for class(xx广东卷) Asince Bso that Cas if Dunless 【答案】B 【解析】从题意可以知道“I wouldnt be late for class”是hurried的目的。6 Not only interested in football but beginning to show an interest in it(xx上海春季卷) Athe teacher himself；all his students are Bthe teacher himself is; are all his students Cis the teacher himself；are all his students Dis the teacher himself：all his students are 【答案】D 【解析】not only位于句首，其引导的分句应用部分倒装形式；but分句不倒装。句意为“不仅这位老师自已对足球感兴趣，而且他所有的学生也开始对足球感兴趣。”基础训练1After a fire broke out in the lab，a lot of equipment . Ais damaged Bhad damaged Cdamaged Dwas damaged2When ，the museam will be open to the public next year Apleted Bpleting Cbeing pleted Dto be pleted3We looked forward to the day when the motorcar has been replaced by some less dangerous of transport Ameans Bmethods Cmanners Dways4I knocked but nobody answered the door They asleep then and didnt hear you Amust be Bshould be Cmust have been Dshould have been5Many of the men have gone off in search of higher pay， women to carry on with the farm work A1eft Bleaving Cto leave Dhaving left6Noise is unpleasant， when youre trying to sleep Agenerally Bpletely Cmainly Despecially7Not until I began to work how much time had wasted Adidnt I realize Bdid I realize CI didnt realize DI realized8Whats the terrible noise? The neighbours for a party(xx北京卷) Ahave prepared Bare preparing Cprepare Dwill prepare9You need warm clothes to yourself from the cold Aprevent Bavoid Cstop Dprotect10 more if you think they are very cheap ATo buy BBuying CBuy DBought11Someone called me up in the middle of the nightbut they hung up I could answer the phone (NMET xx) Aas Bsince Cuntil Dbefore12I got up late and on the way to work I the traffic jamThats why I came late Amet with Bcame across Cwas caught in Dexperiencedl3With production up 50, the pany has had another excellent year. Aat Bto Cby Din14How soon will you be three days timeMy air ticket is on March 10 Aoff；For Boff；In Cat；In Daway；For15When she saw the tiger, her face turned pale fear Afrightening；with Bfrightened；with Cfrightening；as Dfrightened；as参考答案与解析1D从句意可知，应用被动语态，故排除B、C两项，再从时态判断，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故答案为D。2A When pleted相当于When it is pleted。3A固定短语means of transport，表示“交通方式”。4C must have done表示“过去一定做某事”，should have done表示“过去应该做某事而事实上没做”。5B doing表示伴随动作。6D词义辨析。especially表示“尤其，特别”的意思；generally的意思为“整体上，大体上”，pletely表示“完全地”，而mainly的意思为“主要地”。7B本题考查倒装结构，not until置于句首应用倒装结构。8B“因为邻居在准备聚会”，所以才有噪音，故选用现在进行时。9D protectfrom表示“保护某人免受的伤害”，而preventstopfrom的意思为“阻止某人做某事”，avoid则表示“避免”。10C本题考查祈使句式，故答案为C。11D从句意“有人半夜给我打电话，但我还没来得及接就挂了”可判断选择before，表示“在之前，还没来得及”的含义。12C词义辨析题，be caught in表示“遇上(不好的境遇)”，meet with常表示“遭遇困难”，而eacross表示“偶然遇上”。13C“生产上升了(或降低了)50”，应选用介词by。14B本题考查固定短语，be off表示“离开”；in three daystime则表示“在三天的时间内”。15A “令人恐惧的老虎”应为“frightening tiger”，with fear的意义为“因为害怕”。综合强化 The first tape recorder didnt use tapeIt used long thin wireIt was invented in 1900 by Valdermar PoulsenIn 1 930，German scientists invented the tape we use todayBack then the tape was on big rollsIn 1964 the Philips pany in Holland invented the cassetteIts prelty much a holder for the tapePeople use cassettes all over the worldIf you dont have a cassette recorder，borrow one Think of a book your parents read out loud to youThat might be a great book to read out loud to your mom or dad in their carPut a cassette in the recorder，open the book，hit the record button and start reading out loud Remember there isno such a thing as a wrong way to do thisYou might think youve made a mistake，but this gift is part of you，and nothing about that can be a mistakeIts impossible You get to be all artistic and creative hereYou might want to play music in the backgroundDo whatever you want. The gift is you, so you decide. Remember to say “I love you”at the end of your readingThats like the prize at the end of the book 1Choose the right order that shows the development of the tape recorder aUsing big rolls bUsing cassettes, cUsing thin wire Aa，b，c Bb，c，a Cc, a, b D. c, b, a 2Why does the author mention the history of the tape recorder in Paragraph 1 ? ATo inform readers of new inventions BTo lead into his following suggestion CTo give an example of his suggestion DTo show the importance of the tape recorder 3What does the author advise us to do? ATo read a book to our parents in their car BTo ask our parents to record a book CTo make a gift for our parents DTo practice reading out loud 4Why does the author say it is impossible to make a mistake in Paragraph 3? ABecause the tape shows your true love： BBecause its easy to use a tape recorder CBecause the music is what your parents like DBecause its impossible tofind a mistake in the book参考答案与解析 短文开始部分虽然介绍了有关磁带录音机用的磁带的历史，但是其中心内容是想引出用录音带给父母录制礼物。1C根据短文第一段中的内容(前六句)，可以知道磁带录音机的发展历史经历了使用thin wire，big rolls和cassettes三个阶段。2B从短文第一段最后一句If you dont have a cassette recorder，borrow one可以知道前面的介绍是为了引出下面的给父母录制礼物的建议。 3C根据短文第三段中You might think youve made a mistake，but this gift is part of you，and nothing about that can be a mistake以及上下文的介绍可以确定此题的答案。，4A由第三段的第二句可知。