2019-2020年高中英语 Unit 2 Fit for life教案 牛津译林版选修7.doc

2019-2020年高中英语 Unit 2 Fit for life教案 牛津译林版选修7【美文阅读】The secrets of never getting sick身体健康是一个人最大的财富，没有好的身体，什么事也干不成。为了让你的身体更好，心情更佳，现在就教你几招远离疾病的方法。Some of our friends are always healthy and have no illness，even a cold for all year round.Some experts believe that they boost their immunity(免疫力)through simple lifestyle habits.Here are some pieces of advice.Tickle your funny bone(唤起你的幽默感)：Think about what makes you laugh whether its reading ics or doing silly things with your friends，and try to add more pleasure into your life.Eat different food with different colors：Get at least five servings of colorful fruits and vegetables every day.Eat plenty of plex carbons(碳水化合物)，such as brown rice，and look for lowfat sources of protein(蛋白质)and cut back on added fat.Get moving：Do proper exercise for forty to fortyfive minutes at least every day，such as walking，cycling，swimming or running，at least five days a week.Avoid doing the movement which is beyond your bodys limit.Keep records in your diary：Set aside twenty minutes a day for three consecutive(连续的)days to write down the things that are most important to you and how they affect you.Dont get struck by stress：When you encounter some touchy(棘手的)problems，firstly take a look at the situation and seriously consider whether you can do something to change it.If you realize that you cant change the situation，try to change your physical and emotional reactions to it.Being in meditation(沉思)，doing yoga or deepbreathing exercise，or listening to calm music can help reduce stress，too.【诱思导学】1What does the underlined word “boost”in the first paragraph mean?_2According to the above passage，what should we do to prevent ourselves from getting sick?_【答案】1.It means increase or raise.2.Tickle our funny bone；eat different food with different colors；get moving；keep records in our diary；dont get struck by stress.Period Previewing(教师用书独具)教学目标本课时主要是通过学生对学案所给出的内容的学习，了解本课文中所出现的词汇，初步了解课文以及相关的背景知识，对下一堂课对课文的全面理解起到一个铺垫作用。教学地位本单元的话题是“Fit for life”，而本单元的第一篇文章“Two lifesaving medicines”让学生了解日常生活中常见的两种药物阿司匹林和青霉素的主要功效以及对人类健康所起的重要作用，具有很强的现实意义。(教师用书独具)新课导入建议利用精美的图片要求学生了解并辨认日常生活中常用的药品类型及常用的感冒药、消炎药和退烧药。提出问题，引起学生求知欲望，导入新课。教学流程设计师生共同讨论并统一答案。.篇章结构NameInvention & DiscoveryMedical1._AspirinNearly 3,500 years ago，people 2._ on leaves or drank a kind of tea made from leaves of a particular plant.Hippocrates made a 3._ from a tree bark.In 1897 Hoffmann produced aspirin.Two years later，the pany he worked for began distributing the medicine in 4._ form to physicians to use with patients.In 1900，aspirin was sold in shops in the form of 5._.Reducing fever and helping stop painReducing the risk of 6._ attacks and preventing a strokeReducing the risk of some cancers by 40 percentReducing 7._ sugar levelsPenicillinIt was discovered by Alexander Fleming in 8._.Fleming found the mould had 9._ the bacteria surrounding it.Two other scientists succeeded in purifying it and it was produced in large 10._.Treating illnesses caused by bacteria and wounds【答案】1.effects2.chewed3.juice4.powder5.tablets6.heart7.blood8.19289.killed10.quantities.语篇理解1In_，aspirin was sold in powder form to physicians to use with patients.A1897B1899C19002Who is an American?ADr Thun. BSmith.CAlexander Fleming.3Who found penicillin?ADr Thun. BAlexander Fleming.CHoward Florey.4Why did penicillin bee the greatest drug of the 20th century?ABecause it was found by an Australian scientist.BBecause it once made three people get the Nobel Prize.CBecause it saved millions of lives.5Whats mainly discussed in this passage?AFamous doctors.BHow penicillin and aspirin were invented.CTwo important medicinesAspirin and Penicillin.【答案】1.B2.A3.B4.C5.C.课文缩写If you 1._ any medicine cupboard or go to any medicine counter in the world，it is likely 2._ you will find aspirin and penicillin.Aspirin was invented in 1897.The first 3._ of this medicine took place in 1899.In 1900 aspirin was sold in shops in the form of 4._.Not only has aspirin proved 5._ for reducing fever and helping stop pain，6._there are also other things that aspirin can help with.In 1977 a study carried 7._ in the USA showed that aspirin could prevent strokes.Another drug that has helped increase the 8._ of peoples health is penicillin.It was discovered by a Scottish scientist named Fleming in 1928.In 1940，two other scientists managed to make and test the new drug 9._.Due to the 10._ use of penicillin，many lives were saved during world war .Penicillin became the greatest drug of the 20th century，saving millions of lives.【答案】1.open up2.that3.trials4.tablets5.vital6.but7.out8.standard9.in large quantities10.widespread.词义搭配1beneficialAa positive opinion of sb.or sth.2possess Bvery important3vital Cthe possibility of sth.happening or being developed or used4potential Dto recycle5application Eto have or own sth.6astonish Fto surprise sb.very much7circulate Ga verbal or written request for assistance or employment or use8approval Huseful；helpful【答案】1.H2.E3.B4.C5.G6.F7.D8.A.短语填空1.Jamie could hardly wait to _ his new bike.2The new shop is to_at 8：00 tomorrow morning.3Once a plan is made，it should be_no matter how difficult it is.4With so much noise outside，I couldnt have my attention_my homework at all.5You will sound more polite if you make a request_a question.6If trees are cut down_like this，forests will disappear sooner or later.7How did you find the secret?Totally_.8I have _the bad tomatoes from the basket.【答案】1.try out2.open up3.carried out4.focused on5.in the form of6.in large quantities7.by accident8.picked out.句型背诵1Have you ever seen a doctor？If_so，what happened?你曾经看过医生吗？如要看过的话，发生了什么事？2If you open up any medicine cupboard or go to any medicine counter in the world，it_is_likely_that you will find aspirin and penicillin.倘若你打开世界上任何一个药柜或去任何一个药品柜台，都很可能找到阿司匹林和青霉素。3It_was in 1897 that a European chemist called Dr Felix Hoffmann produced aspirin from this chemical.1897年，一位名叫菲利克斯霍夫曼的欧洲药剂师从这种化学物质中提取了阿司匹林。4Not_only has aspirin proved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain，but there are also other things that aspirin can help with.阿司匹林不仅被证明对于退烧、止痛必不可少，而且还有其他用途。5If penicillin had_not_been available，many people would_have_died from sickness or even small wounds.如果没有青霉素，很多人会死于疾病，甚至很小的伤口。Period Wele to the unit & Reading(教师用书独具)教学目标1熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。2通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。3通过对这些词汇的理解能够更深层次地理解课文，并通过课文加深对这些词汇的理解，更加熟练地运用这些词汇。4通过对本课文的理解，让学生初步了解常见药品的功效，提高学生阅读科普文章的能力。教学地位单词和短语是构成句子的最小单位，在语言学习中起至关重要的作用，所以理解和正确使用英语单词和短语是英语学习的重点所在。(教师用书独具)新课导入建议“In this period, lets deal with some useful expressions in the passage.”开门见山，直入主题。 教学流程设计让学生就“课堂互动探究”(见学案第26页)进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论结果。1Have you ever seen a doctor？If_so，what happened？(教材P17)你曾经看过医生吗？如果看过的话，发生了什么事？If so是一个省略句。在复合句特殊省略的现象中，当省略一个从句或从句的一部分时，常用so或not代替省略部分。If so, I am afraid I have some bad news.如果真是这样，恐怕我有一些坏消息要告诉你。If so，I believe I have solved your problem.如果是这样，我相信我已经解决了你的问题。if any如Y果有的话if not如果不/没有的话if ever如果曾经有的话if possible如果可能的话if necessary如果必要的话Ill pick you up at the hotel if necessary.如果必要的话，我用车去宾馆接你。I think there is a train around 3 oclock.If not, youll have to wait till 5：30.我想3点左右有一班火车。要是没有，你只好要等到5点半了。【对接高考】(2011江苏高考)It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine._，wed better take it to the garage immediately.AOtherwiseBIf notCBut for that DIf so【解析】考查省略结构。句意：听起来好像汽车引擎出故障了。如果这样的话，我们最好立即把它送到汽修厂。if so意为“如果是这样的话”，符合句意。【答案】D完成句子开始你可能有些困难，如果是这样，请给我们打电话。You may have some difficulties at first._，please ring us.如果可能，应当将蔬菜和水果去皮。_，vegetables and fruits should be peeled.【答案】If soIf possible2If you open up any medicine cupboard or go to any medicine counter in the world，it_is_likely_that you will find aspirin and penicillin.(教材P18)倘若你打开世界上任何一个药柜或去任何一个药品柜台，都很可能找到阿司匹林和青霉素。It is likely that.意为“可能”，为常用句型，它常和sb./sth.is likely to do sth.互换。It is likely that he will agree to the plan.He is likely to agree to the plan.很可能他会同意这项计划。It is likely that they will e back next summer.他们可能会在明天下午回来。Its likely that.sb.be likely to do.做某事是可能的Not likely.(表示坚决不同意)绝不可能；绝对不会Me？Join them？Not likely!我？和他们一起？没门儿！句型转换My parents are likely to allow me to go to the cinema._my parents will allow me to go to the cinema.It is possible for Ye shiwen to set a new world record in xx._Ye shiwen will set a new world record in xx.Ye shiwen _ set a new world record in xx._Ye shiwen will set a new world record in xx.【答案】Its likely thatIt is possible that；is likely to；It is likely that单项填空Studies show that people are more _ to suffer from back problems if they always sit before puter screens for long hours.Alikely BpossibleCprobable Dsure【解析】句意：研究表明，人如果长时间坐在电脑屏幕前就更可能患上背部疾病。sb.is likely to do sth.“某人可能做某事”。possible，probable作表语时，句子的主语不能是人。be sure to do“必定”，表示主观看法，与语境不符。【答案】A3beneficial adj.有益的，有用的Both of these medicines have saved millions of peoples lives and have proved beneficial to mankind since they were invented.(教材P18)自从发明这两种药物以来，它们已挽救了数百万人的生命并被证实对人类有益。Proper exercise is beneficial to your health.适当的锻炼对你的健康有好处。Cycling is highly beneficial to health and environment.骑自行车对健康和环境都有益。be beneficial to对有益benefit n利益，好处vi.有利于，受益be of benefit to(be beneficial to)对有益for sb.s benefit(for the benefit of sb.)为了某人的利益；为帮助某人benefit from/by从中得益He thought he would benefit from/by going to school.他认为上学对他有好处。The new regulations will be of benefit to/be beneficial to everyone concerned.新规章将使所有有关人员受益。翻译句子据说瑜伽(Yoga)对人体健康有很大的益处。_每个人都会从这次活动中获益良多。_【答案】It is said that Yoga is of great benefit to human health./It is said that Yoga is beneficial to human health.Everyone will benefit a lot from this activity./This activity will benefit everyone a lot.4possess vt.拥有，具有；支配，控制Nearly 3,500 years ago，people chewed on leaves or drank a kind of tea made from leaves possessing a special chemical to reduce body pains and fever.(教材P18)近3500年前，人们咀嚼树叶或者喝由一种含有特殊化学物的树叶制成的茶来减少身体疼痛和发烧。Poor as they are，they possess many noble qualities.尽管他们很穷，但是他们拥有很多高尚的品质。Im afraid he doesnt possess a sense of humour.恐怕他没有什么幽默感。possess oneself of获得，据有be possessed of具有(某种品质，能力等)possession nU拥有；(常用复数)个人财产have/get/gain/take possession of占有；拥有in possession of占有in the possession of sb.为某人所有Does the young man standing there take possession of the pany？是站在那边的年轻人拥有这家公司吗？No.The pany is in the possession of his father.不，这家公司为他父亲所拥有。完成句子她拥有一大笔财富。She _ a large fortune.【答案】is in possession of或has/gets/gains/takes possession of单项填空Though having lived abroad for years，many Chinese still _ the traditional customs.Aperform BpossessCobserve Dsupport【解析】句意：尽管许多中国人在国外居住多年，但他们仍然沿袭传统的风俗习惯。perform“表演”；possess“拥有”；observe “遵守，遵循”；support“支持”。【答案】C5take place发生，举行The first trials of this medicine took place in 1899，when the pany Hoffmann worked for began distributing the medicine in powder form to physicians to use with patients.(教材P18)对该药进行的首批试验发生在1899年，当时，霍夫曼供职的公司开始将这种药以粉末形式分发给医师，在病人身上使用。(P18)The meeting took place at 8：00 as planned.按计划会议在八点召开了。Great changes have taken place in China in the past 20 years.在过去20年里，中国发生了巨大变化。break out/e about/happen/take place/occurbreak out意为“突然发生，爆发”，通常指战争、灾害、疾病等发生。e about表示“发生，出现，产生”，一般指事故的发生。happen表示“偶然发生，碰巧”，指事先没有计划地发生。occur指事情按计划发生或偶然发生。可用于具体的事物，也可用于抽象的事物。用于指具体事物时，可与happen互用但happen后接不定式时，不能与occur换用。take place常可与happen，occur换用(以具体事物作主语时)，但较多地指事情的发生不是偶然出现的，而是按意图、计划进行的，引申用法可表示举行、进行的意思。The war broke out in 1935.这场战争爆发于1935年。Do you know how the accident came about?你知道事故是怎样发生的吗？What happened to you？你怎么了？The concert will _ tomorrow.Abe taken place Btake placeChappen Dbe happened【解析】take place，happen都没有被动语态，因此首先排除A、D两项，happen多指偶然发生，而音乐会的举行是计划好的事情，故选B。【答案】BIts already 10 oclock.I wonder how it _ that she was two hours late on such a short trip.Acame over Bcame outCcame about Dcame up【解析】句意：已经10点钟了。这么短的路程她却迟到了两个小时，我想知道它是如何发生的。e over顺便拜访；e out出现，出版；e about产生，发生；e up长出，发芽。根据句意，故选C。【答案】C6Not_only has aspirin proved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain，but there are also other things that aspirin can help with.(教材P18)阿司匹林不仅被证明对于退烧、止痛必不可少，而且还有其他用途。(1)句中not only.but also.意为“不但而且”。因not only放在句首，故其所在的分句使用了倒装结构。that aspirin can help with是定语从句，修饰other things.Not only the students but also the teacher was against the plan.不但学生们反对这个计划，老师也反对。We can watch the ceremony not only on TV but also through the Internet.我们不但可以从电视上观看开幕式，还可以通过网络来观看。not only A but also BB as well as Anot only.but also.连接两个分句时，若not only位于句首，not only所在的分句要部分倒装，but also后面的分句不倒装。not only.but also.连接并列主语时，遵守“就近原则”。not only只能连用，而but also既可连用，也可分开用，also也可省略。Not only the students but also their teacher likes playing football.不仅学生，而且他们的老师也喜欢踢足球。I not only play tennis but also practise shooting.我不仅打网球，也练习射击。完成句子约翰不但喜爱汉语，而且说得也很好。Not only _ Chinese，_ he is also good at speaking it.【答案】does John love；but单项填空The puter was used in teaching.As a result，not only_，but students became more interested in the lessons.Asaved was teachers energyBwas teachers energy savedCteachers energy was savedDwas saved teachers energy【解析】not only.but(also).结构中，若它连接并列分句，且not only位于句首时，则not only后的分句要部分倒装。故选B。【答案】B(2)vital adj.对极重要的，必不可少的；致命的The police play a vital role in our society.警察在我们的社会中起着极其重要的作用。It is vital to get the victim to the hospital at once.把受害者立刻送到医院是至关重要的。be vital for/to.对极重要的/必不可少的It is vital to do sth.做某事极其重要It is vital that.十分重要It is vital that a middle school student should learn English well.学好英语对中学生来说是十分重要的。【提示】在句型“It is vital that.”中从句谓语动词要用“(should)动词原形”的形式。【对接高考】(xx安徽高考)Interest is as _ to learning as the ability to understand，even more so.Avital BavailableCspecific Dsimilar【解析】考查形容词。句意：对于学习来说，兴趣如同理解能力一样重要，甚至更重要。根据句意可知，应用vital。be vital to.“对极其重要”。【答案】A完成句子对我们所有人而言能体谅别人是极其重要的。Consideration for other people_.对自己的孩子坦诚十分重要。_ with your children.【答案】is vital to all of usIt is vital to be honest7Lawrence Craven，a doctor from the USA，introduced the_idea in 1953 that aspirin had the potential to reduce the risk of heart attacks，because it helped the blood circulate better.(教材P18)美国医生劳伦斯克雷文在1953年提出一个观点，即阿司匹林可能有助于降低心脏病发作的风险，因为它能改善血液循环。(1)本句为主从复合句，that aspirin had the potential.the blood circulate better为that引导的同位语从句，该从句用于对idea进行解释说明，that仅起连接作用，没有具体词义，也不在从句中作成分。that引导的同位语从句中又包含because引导的原因状语从句。He made a promise that he would e to see us as often as he could.他许诺说他会经常来看我们。They have ruled out the possibility that the children were drowned.他们排除了孩子们溺水的可能性。同位语从句用法说明：功能：对相关名词(多为表示抽象意义的名词)进行解释说明与名词的关系：同位关系从句引导词：that，what，which，who，when，where，why，how，whether后面常接同位语从句的名词：idea，fact，truth，belief，hope，news等【提示】有时，同位语从句和它所说明的名词会被其他成分隔开，这种同位语从句叫做分隔式同位语从句。The belief that things will get better is what keeps him moving on.支持他走下去的是情况会变好这一信念。I have no idea whether he can make it to persuade her to go with us.我不知道他能否成功说服她跟我们一起去。The question what we should do next has been worrying me all the time.下一步做什么这一问题一直令我担忧。【对接高考】(xx浙江高考)The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.Ahow BthatCwhich Dwhether【解析】句意：要取得最高层次的成功，唯一的方法就是要完全相信在体育运动领域你比其他任何人都优秀。have total belief that.完全相信，为固定句式。此处belief后接了同位语从句，从句不缺少成分，用that引导，所以正确答案为B项。【答案】B完成句子我不知道你在那儿。I have no idea _。他没有回答他为什么迟到这个问题。He didnt give the answer _.【答案】that you were therewhy he was late(2)potential n可能性，潜在性；潜力，潜能adj.潜在的，可能的(只可作前置定语)As a teacher，we should realize students potential.作为老师，我们应该认识到学生的潜力。First，we need to identify actual and potential problems.首先，我们需要弄清楚实际的问题和潜在的问题。potential for(doing)sth.的可能性/潜在性have the potential to do sth.有潜力做某事He has the potential to bee a worldclass musician.他有潜力成为世界级的音乐家。Each child is unique and teachers should encourage each one to realize their _.Apower BcharacterCnecessity Dpotential【解析】句意：每个孩子都是独一无二的，教师们应该鼓励每个孩子发挥出他们的潜能。realize ones potential发挥某人的潜能。其余三个选项均不符合语境。【答案】D8carry out实施，执行，进行However，in 1971，Smith and Willis from the UK proved that aspirin could have that effect，and in 1977 a study carried out in the USA showed that aspirin could prevent strokes，as well.(教材P18)但是，在1971年，英国医生史密斯和威利斯证实阿司匹林的确有此功效，并且在1977年，美国实施的一项研究表明，阿司匹林还能预防中风。The astronauts have carried out the mission in space exploration successfully.宇航员们已经成功地完成太空探索的使命。Once a plan is made，it should be carried out no matter how difficult it is.计划一旦制定了，不管多么难都要执行下去。carry on继续进行，继续下去carry away运转；使失去自制力carry off赢得；获得(奖品)；夺走；成功地完成carry through实现，完成；使渡过难关They carried on despite the difficult situations.尽管条件艰难，他们仍然坚持下去。Please carry on with your work.请你继续工作吧。Her confidence carried her through.信心使她渡过了难关。The disadvantage for us to _ the interviews separately is that it _ us a long time.Acarry out；may takeBcarry on；must costCcarry away；might spendDcarry off；can pay【解析】句意：对于我们来说，逐个进行面试的缺点是它可能要花费我们很长时间。carry out实施，进行，情态动词may表示“也许，可能”，故选A。【答案】A9In xx，aspirin was over 100 years old，and yet there_have_been more discoveries about how it can help increase the length of peoples lives.(教材P18)到xx年，阿司匹林已有一百多年的历史，但是在它如何能够帮助延年益寿方面仍然有更多的发现。there be句型表示“某处有某人、某物或某事”。The result is that today there are two “Irelands”结果是今天有两个“爱尔兰”。There were many different kinds of dinosaur and a number of them used to live in China.过去有许多种类的恐龙并且为数很多的恐龙曾经生活在中国。句型There ben.v.ing/v.ed中v.ing，v.ed作主语补足语。如果名词与后面的分词存在主动关系，用v.ing形式，如果是被动关系，则用v.ed形式。there be之后如有几个并列主语时，用is还是are要取决于第一个主语是单数还是复数，单数用is，复数用are。常见的there be变化结构如下：There happen(s)to be.碰巧有There stand(s)/live(s)/lie(s)/go(es)/remain(s).有There seem(s)to be.好像有There is likely to be.可能有There may(might)/must be.可能/肯定有There e(s).来了/到了There be句式的非谓语动词形式：There being/There to be。There were more than ten thousand athletes and coaches participating in the xx London Olympic Games.一万多名运动员和教练员参加了xx年伦敦奥运会。There seems to be a bank around here.附近好像有一家银行。I never dreamed of there being such a good chance.我从没有想到过会有这么好的一个机会。用be动词的适当形式填空There _ a book and two pens on his desk at that time.We teachers dont want there _ any students staying in the classroom after school.There _ no bu