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第10讲 状语从句,考点1 时间状语从句 【典例】1. (2015四川高考)There is only one more day to go _ your favorite music group play live. A. since B. until C. when D. before 【解析】选D。句意: 在你最喜欢的乐队现场演出前, 仅仅只有一天的时间了。根据句意可知要用before。,2. (2015天津高考)We need to get to the root of the problem_we can solve it. A. while B. after C. before D. as 【解析】选C。句意: 我们需要找出问题的根源才能解决问题。before在之前, 才。,3. (2014陕西高考)The young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left_I could ask for their names. A. while B. before C. after D. since 【解析】选B。句意: 这对年轻夫妇送还了我丢失的钱包, 我还没来得及问他们的名字, 他们就离开了。before还没来得及就, 符合题意。,4. (2014安徽高考)The meaning of the word“nice”changed a few times_it finally came to include the sense“pleasant. ” A. before B. after C. since D. while 【解析】选A。句意: 单词“nice”的意义在最终含有意义“愉快的”之前改变了几次。before“在之前”, 引导时间状语从句。,5. (2013陕西高考)I have heard a lot of good things about you_I came back from abroad. A. since B. until C. before D. when 【解析】选A。句意: 自从我从国外回来, 听说了很多关于你的好消息。since自从; until直到; before在之前; when当时。若选before, 主句应该用过去完成时。根据句意, 应选A。,【解题技巧】 1. while, when和as的用法区别。 (1)基本用法。 while引导的时间状语从句须用持续性动词, 意为“当时候”“趁着”。 We must strike while the iron is hot. when引导的时间状语从句既可用持续性动词又可用非持续性动词。 as意为“一边一边” “随着” “正当”。 As each day passes, China becomes more and more powerful.,(2)特殊用法。 when可作并列连词, 表示突然发生某事, 意为“正在这时/忽然”。 She was about to walk out of the door when the telephone rang. while可作并列连词, 表示“然而, 却”。 Motion is absolute while stagnation is relative.,2. before常用句式。 It will(not)be+一段时间+before. . . ; It was not long before. . . ; It was+时间段+before. . . 3. since常用句式。 It is/has been+一段时间+since. . . (从句用一般过去时); It was+一段时间+since. . . (从句非延续性动词用过去完成时),4. 表示“一就”的句式。 as soon as/once; on/upon (doing) sth. ; no sooner. . . than; hardly/scarcely. . . when; the moment; the instant; instantly; immediately等 5. 引导时间状语从句的其他常见连词(短语): whenever, every time, each time, next time, the first/last time, any time, by the time等。,考点2 条件状语从句 【典例】1. (2015江苏高考)It is so cold that you cant go outside _fully covered in thick clothes. A. if B. unless C. once D. when 【解析】选B。句意: 天气太冷, 除非你穿了厚衣服, 否则你不能出去。unless除非, 符合句意。,2. (2015陕西高考)I believe you will have a wonderful time here _you get to know everyone else. A. though B. as if C. once D. so that 【解析】选C。句意: 我相信一旦你认识了其他的每个人, 你在这里会玩得很开心。though虽然, 尽管; as if好像; once一旦; so that为了。根据句意选C。,3. (2015北京高考)You wont find paper cutting difficult_you keep practicing it. A. even though B. as long as C. as if D. ever since 【解析】选B。句意: 只要你不断练习, 你就不会觉得剪纸很难。even though即使, 引导让步状语从句; as long as只要, 引导条件状语从句; as if好像, 引导方式状语从句; ever since自从, 引导时间状语从句。根据句意选择B项。,4. (2014四川高考)Ill be out for some time. _anything important happens, call me up immediately. A. In case B. As if C. Even though D. Now that 【解析】选A。句意: 我要出去一段时间。万一有什么重要的事情发生, 立即给我打电话。根据句意可知, 这里表示“立即给我打电话”的条件, in case如果, 万一, 引导条件状语从句。,【解题技巧】 1. 条件状语从句的引导词。 if, unless (if. . . not), if only, once, so/as long as, supposing (that)(假设), in case(万一, 以防), so/as far as(就而言), on condition that(条件是), provided/providing (that)(假如)等。 2. 从句中一般用一般现在时表示将来。 I wont go unless Im invited. You may use the room as/so long as you clean it up afterwards.,3. 特殊条件句。 “祈使句+and/or/or else/otherwise+陈述句”的句型中, 祈使句可转化成条件状语从句。 Use your head, and youll find a way. =If you use your head, youll find a way.,考点3 原因状语从句 【典例】1. (2013山东高考)Mark needs to learn Chinese_his company is opening a branch in Beijing. A. unless B. until C. although D. since 【解析】选D。句意: 马克需要学习汉语, _他的公司要在北京开一家分公司。结合句意, 前后句应属于逻辑上的因果关系, since既然, 由于, 符合语境。,2. (2013安徽高考)Its much easier to make friends_you have similar interests. A. unless B. when C. even though D. so that 【解析】选B。句意: 如果你们有相似的兴趣爱好, 交朋友就更容易一些了。when在此意为“既然, 鉴于”。,【解题技巧】 1. 引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有: because, as, since, seeing (that), now (that), considering (that)等。 Now (that) you are grown up, you should not rely on your parents. 2. when除引导时间状语从句外, 还可引导原因状语从句, 表示“既然, 鉴于”。 How can they learn anything when they spend all their spare time watching television?,考点4 让步状语从句 【典例】1. (2015福建高考)_the students came from different countries, they got along quite well in the summer camp. A. While B. Unless C. Since D. Until 【解析】选A。句意: 尽管学生们来自不同的国家, 可是他们在夏令营相处得很好。while表示“尽管, 虽然”, 引导让步状语从句。unless除非; since由于, 既然; until直到。,2. (2015湖南高考)_the job takes a significant amount of time, most students agree that the experience is worth it. A. If only B. After C. Although D. In case 【解析】选C。句意: 尽管这项工作花费大量的时间, 但大多数学生认为这种经历很值得。根据语境及句意得知答案。,3. (2014江苏高考)Lessons can be learned to face the future, _ history cannot be changed. A. though B. as C. since D. unless 【解析】选A。句意: 尽管历史无法改变, 但是我们可以吸取教训来面对未来。though表示转折。,4. (2014北京高考)_the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year. A. As B. When C. Even though D. In case 【解析】选C。句意: 尽管那个森林公园很远, 每年仍然有很多游客去参观。由句意可知前半句是让步状语从句, C项符合题意。,5. (2013山东高考)_I have to give a speech, I get extremely nervous before I start. A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Whoever D. However 【解析】选B。句意: 无论何时我要进行演讲, 在开始前我都会极其紧张。whenever无论何时。,6. (2013四川高考)He is so busy. He cannot afford enough time with his son _ he wants to. A. even if B. as if C. because D. before 【解析】选A。句意: 他很忙。即使他想和儿子多待会儿, 他也无法抽出足够的时间。A项表示“即使”, 引导让步状语从句。,7. (2013天津高考)_small, the company has about 1, 000 buyers in over 30 countries. A. As B. If C. Although D. Once 【解析】选C。句意: 虽然规模小, 但是这家公司在30多个国家大约有1 000家采购商。although虽然。as引导让步状语从句时需倒装, 故根据句意选C。,8. (2013江苏高考)In the global economy, a new drug for cancer, _it is discovered, will create many economic possibilities around the world. A. whatever B. whoever C. wherever D. whichever 【解析】选C。句意: 在全球化的经济体系中, 无论在什么地方发现的一种治疗癌症的新药都能在全世界范围内创造出许多赚钱的可能性。从句“_it is discovered”不缺主要成分(主语、宾语或表语), 因此排除连接代词whatever, whoever, whichever而使用连接副词wherever。,【解题技巧】 1. 熟记让步状语从句的从属连词although, though, as, even though, even if等的含义。 2. 牢记下列特殊情况。 (1)when和while引导让步状语从句, 意思是“尽管”或“虽然”。while用在句首, when常用在句中。 While I understand what you say, I cant agree with you.,(2)“No matter+疑问词”引导让步状语从句时, No matter+疑问词=疑问词+-ever。 Whatever/No matter what happened, he would not mind. 注意: “疑问词+-ever”还可以引导名词性从句, 此时不能与“No matter+疑问词”互换。 I will give the book to whoever needs it. (3)引导倒装的让步状语从句通常用as和though, 但不能用although, 且as引导的让步状语从句必须倒装。 Poor though/as I am, I can afford it.,(4)whether. . . or not也可引导让步状语从句。 Whether you believe it or not, it is true.,考点5 其他状语从句 【典例】1. (2015浙江高考)_a single word can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph. A. Just as B. Even though C. Until D. Unless 【解析】选A。句意: 正如一个词能改变一句话的意思一样, 一个句子也可以改变一段话的意思。just as正如, 好像; even though即使, 尽管; until直到; unless除非。根据句意可知选A。,2. (2015安徽高考)_he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going. A. Where B. As C. In case D. Now that 【解析】选A。句意: 在他曾经想放弃的地方, 现在他有了决心再向前推进并继续下去。where引导地点状语从句; as引导原因状语从句; in case以防万一, 引导目的状语从句; now that既然, 引导让步语从句。根据题干中的后半句, 可知前半句应是地点状语从句。,3. (2014浙江高考)Cathy had quit her job when her son was born _she could stay home and raise her family. A. now that B. as if C. only if D. so that 【解析】选D。句意: 儿子出生时凯西辞去了工作以便能待在家里抚养孩子。so that引导目的状语从句, 从句中的could也起提示作用。,【解题技巧】 熟记下列从句的引导词: 1. 引导结果状语从句的从属连词主要有so that, so. . . that, such. . . that等。 2. 引导目的状语从句的从属连词主要有in order that, so that, in case, for fear等。 3. 引导方式状语从句的从属连词主要有as, as if, as though等。 4. 引导地点状语从句的从属连词主要有where, wherever等。 5. 引导比较状语从句的从属连词主要有than, as. . . as. . . , not as/so. . . as, the more. . . the more. . . 。,注意: (1)在so/such. . . that. . . 句型中, 如果so/such置于句首, 主句要用部分倒装。 (2)as if/though引导方式状语从句时, 有时也用虚拟语气。,【误区纠偏】 易错点1 混淆状语从句与定语从句 A number of high buildings have arisen _ there was nothing a year ago but ruins. A. at which B. where C. that D. at the place (变式)A number of high buildings have arisen at the place _ there was nothing a year ago but ruins. A. at where B. that C. when D. where,【点拨】 当涉及“地点”时, 判断是定语从句还是状语从句的依据: 看句中是否有先行词。 (1)where引导定语从句, 从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词, 即地点名词+where。 (2)where引导地点状语从句, 其前没有表示地点的名词。 (3)故题为地点状语从句, 选B, 题为定语从句, 选D。,易错点2 混淆从属连词 Did you receive the letter the next day? No. Somehow, it was three weeks_I received it. A. since B. when C. that D. before (变式)Did you receive the letter three days ago? No. It is three hours_I received it. A. since B. when C. that D. before,【点拨】 (1)题句意: 第二天你收到信了吗? 没有, 不知什么原因, 三周以后我才收到。本句使用了it was+一段时间+before. . . 过了才。故选D项。 (2)题句意: 三天前你收到信了吗? 没有, 自我收到信到现在才三个小时。It is+一段时间+since. . . 自从到现在。故选A项。,
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