2019-2020年高中英语 Unit 1 Art期末知识梳理 新人教版选修6.doc

2019-2020年高中英语 Unit 1 Art期末知识梳理 新人教版选修6一、训练导入I.考纲单词写出下列考纲词汇的词性和汉义(如果不止一个词性学生自行增补词性及相应汉义)1.faith 2.aim 3.typical 4.evident 5.adopt 6.shadow 7.attempt 8.predict 9.figure 10.exhibition 11.preference 12.appeal 13.reputation 14.civilization 15.district II.核心短语1a_of 一束；一串2a great_大量3on the other_另一方面4in the _活着的；本人5be_值得（做）有的价值6_to 对有吸引力7all the_ 一直；始终8 _coincidence 巧合的9_a way from 挣脱，脱离10in the_of 以方式二、知识精讲I.重点词汇 1. faith n.信仰；信任；信心 重点用法have faith in sb./sth.对某人/某事有信心lose faith in 不再信任,对失去信心be faithful to sb. sth. 忠实于某人某事faithful adj.忠实的faithfully adv.忠实地典例1) Having faith in the masses is the requirement by government.相信群众是对政府的要求。2) Under no circumstance shall we lost faith in the future.在任何情况下，我们都不该对未来失去信心。2. aim n. 目标；目的；瞄准vi.&vt.瞄准（向某方向）努力重点用法take aim (at) 瞄准aim at向瞄准；旨在，针对；志在aim high胸 怀大志; 力争上游典例1) What is your aim in life?你生活的目的是什么?2) He aimed the gun at the enemy officer他用枪瞄准了敌军官。3) Our factory must aim at developing new models of machines我们的工厂必须致力于研制新型机械。3. typical adj. 典型的, 象征性的;不出所料；特有的重点用法be typical of是代表; 象征典例1) Xianglin shao is a typical character in Leiyu典型人物2) grasp typical cases抓典型3) Its typical of her to be late.她这个人就是爱迟到。4. adopt vt. 采用,采纳; 收养重点用法adoption n.采用;收养形近词:adapt v. 使适应, 改编 adaptation n. 适应, 改编, 改写本典例1) In the meeting, all the works agreed to adopt a new idea to reform the factory. 会议中所有员工都同意采纳新意见以改革工厂.2) Many new couple are eager to adopt the children losing their parents in the earthquake.许多新夫妇都期望可以收养在地震中失去双亲的孩子.5. convince vt. 使确信；使信服重点用法 convince sb. of sth.使某人相信某事convince sb to do sth说服某人做某事be convinced of sth相信某事be convinced that+从句相信某事典例1) He was convinced of his error. 他认识了错误2) He convinced me that I should study law他劝我应该学法律。3) It took many hours to convince the court of his guilt花费了许多个小时法庭才相信他有罪。4) We convinced Anne to go by train rather than plane 我们说服了安妮放弃乘飞机而坐火车走。6. attempt n. 努力；尝试；企图vt.尝试；企图重点用法attempt sth.试图做; 努力去执行(完成)某事 attempt to do企图做某事make an attempt at sthto do sth.企图做某事典例1) The prisoners attempted an escape, but failed. 囚犯企图逃跑，但是失败了2) An astronaut will attempt to leave the stationary spaceship and then return to it一名宇航员将试着离开停着的宇宙飞船，然后再回到里面去。3) The boys made an attempt to leave for camping but were stopped by their parents男孩子们想去野营但被他们的父母们拦住了。7. predict vt.预言；预告；预测(侧重从已知的事实推断或根据自然规律断定未来的事情。重点用法predict sth. predict that prediction n. 预言, 预报 典例1) An eclipse could be predicted in ancient days.很久以前就可以预报日（月）蚀了。2) His teacher predicted that he could be a CEO of a pany because of his intelligence and diligence.因为他的聪明和勤奋，他老师预测他以后有可能成为公司的总裁。3) Do you take seriously his prediction of a government defeat?他预言政府要挫败，你认为这话靠得住吗？II.重点词组 1. a great deal大量 典例1) Thanks a great deal for your help with our work.非常感谢你给我们工作上的帮助。2) A great deal of money was used in rescuing the victims in wenchuan earthquake. 大量的金钱被用于援救汶川地震中的受害者。短语归纳 表示“许多，大量”a great deal of/a good deal of/a large amount of/much/not a little可用于修饰不可数名词a few/quite a few/a good many/a great many/a great number of可用于修饰可数名词a lot of/a large quantity of/large quantities of/plenty of 既可修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词2 by coincidence巧合地 典例 1) By coincidence, we will take the same bus back home.真巧合，我们要搭同趟车回家。2) By coincidence, his wife is one of my classmate in college.巧合的是他的妻子是我大学的一个同学。短语归纳by accident 碰巧，偶然by chance碰巧，偶然on purpose故意3. on the other hand另一方面典例1) If you want to improve your ability, on the one hand, you should attend some related lectures; on theother hand, you should learn something useful from workers around you.4. in the flesh活着的；本人 典例1) In the performance, you can see your idols in the flesh.表演中，你可以亲眼看到你的偶像。2) His appearance in the flesh ended the rumours about his death.他本人的出现打破了他人已经死去的谣言。5. in (the) possession of拥有（属于）典例1) They are still in possession of the house, so we have to wait for another time.他们依然拥有房子的产权，所以我们还得等待一段时间。2) The factory is in the possession of one of my friend, who moved to Australia several years ago.这家工厂是属于我一个朋友的，几年前他搬到澳洲去了。短语归纳in ones possession由掌握in charge of负全责, 经管,in the charge of由负责，经营take possession of占有,拥有take charge of 负责,看管6. in consequence因此，结果 典例1) He got a bad cough. In consequence, he had to ask a doctor for help. 2) He had to ask a doctor for help in consequence of his bad cough. 他咳得很厉害，因此，他不得不去看医生。短语归纳in consequence of. 的结果， 因为.的缘故， 由于as a consequence因而， 结果7. appeal to（对某人）有吸引力；向.呼吁请求典例Bright colours appeal to small children. 小孩喜欢鲜艳的颜色。We are appealing to anyone who saw the suspect to contact us.我们恳请任何人看到嫌疑犯后与我们联系。短语归纳appeal to sb. for为.向某人呼吁请求appeal for aid请求援助appeal for mercy sympathy 请求宽恕同情appeal to arms force 诉诸武力III.重点句型 1. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondonebegan to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.但是，很显然在13世纪时（人们的）思想正经历着变化，像乔托这样的画家开始以一种较为现实的风格来画宗教场景。解释 It is evident that（很）显然 “it”在句中充当形式主语，“that”引导的主语从句为真正的主语。为了句子的平衡移到后面,可以避免句子结构的头重脚轻.典例Its evident that the plan is impracticable. 很明显这计划是不能实现的。It was evident that the couples still love for each other. 很显然这对夫妇依然爱着对方。2. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were.他们试图真实地描绘人物与自然。解释 as 1) conj. (1)如，像；按照 (2)当时候,一面一面;随着 (3)因为，既然 (4)尽管2) prep. 作为,如同 典例1) The work is not so easy as you imagine.这项工作并没你想象的那么容易。2) Everything goes as I expected.事情正如我期望那样进行着。3) As day goes by, the boy became more patient with his girlfriend.随着日子的流逝，男孩对女朋友越来越有耐心了。4) They sang songs as they were doing farm work.他们一边干农活一边唱歌。5) As he still a child, he lived in a remote village with his old granny.他小的时候和他的祖母生活 在一个遥远的村庄里。6) As everything is ready, lets go.既然都准备好了，我们出发吧。7) Ridiculous as it seems, the tale is true. 。这个故事看似荒唐，却是真的8) As a work of art it is very poor. 作为艺术品这是十分拙劣的9) As your good friend, I had to give you the kindest advice.作为你的好朋友，我得给你我最善意的忠告。2. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists.3. 突破传统绘画风格的画家中包括了印象派画家。解释 本句为倒装句，原语序为： The Impressionists were among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting.本句结构为“介词短语+连系动词+主语”（倒装语序）在英语语法中，当介词短语/形容词/分词提到连系动词前面时，句子要求采用全部倒装。构成“介词短语/形容词/分词+连系动词+主语 ”（倒装语序）全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。注意此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时典例1) Growing around the garden are different kinds of flowers.花园里开满了五颜六色的花。2) Near the window is a sad mother.窗户的旁边是一位悲伤的母亲。三、语法突破虚拟语气（1）概说虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。一、考查虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的使用1.表示与现在事实相反的情况：从句谓语形式用动词的过去式(be一般用were)，主句谓语形式should(would,could,might)+动词原形If that happened，it would be terrible如果真的发生了那种事，一定会非常可怕。(实际并未发生)If I were you，I would ask the teacher for advice我要是你，就向老师请教。(我不可能变成你)If he had time，he could go with you如果他真的有时间，就有可能和你一起去。(实际上他很可能没时间，不可能和你一起去)2、表示与过去事实相反的情况：从句谓语形式用Had+过去分词，主句谓形式should(would,could,might)+have+过去分词If they had reached the beach，they would have been killed要是他们抵达海滩就很有可能没命了。 (事实是：他们那时没有到海滩，结果幸存了下来)。If I hadnt forgotten your telephone number，I should have called you 1ast Sunday我要是没有忘记您的电话号码。上周日我就给你打电话了。If I had had the money last week，I could have bought a car如果我上星期有了这笔钱，我可能就会买了车。(事实是：当时没有这笔钱，结果没有买车)3.表示将来事实相反情况：从句谓形式用动词的一般过去式，或were to +动词原形或should+动词原形，主句谓语形式 should(would,could,might)动词原形If it rained tomorrow，I would not go there要是明天真的下雨，我就不去那儿了。(说话人认为明天下雨的可能性很小)If it should rain in a few days，the crops could be saved假如这几天真的会下雨，庄稼就有可能得救。(说话人认为这几天不可能下雨)If he were to e back this evening，he might help us repair the car假如今晚他要是能回来，他也许会帮我们修车。(说话人认为他今晚不可能回来)注意：如果从句中有动词had，should，were，可省略if，并采用倒装形式。但如果从句中没有were，had，should，则不能这样做。Had he seen you yesterday，he would have asked you about it如果他昨天见到你。他就会问你这件事。Should it (Were it to)rain，the crops would be saved如果天下雨。庄稼就会得救。S+ wish (that )+S+过去时（表现在）S+ had+过去分词（表过去）S+ could /would/ might+ V.(表将来)I wish he knew her address要是他知道她的地址就好了。(事实是：现在我不知道)I wish I were as tall as you.我希望和你一样高。He wished he hadnt said that. 他希望他没讲过那样的话。I wish I had not created this creature.我真希望没有造出这个怪物。（事实上已经造出了这个怪物）I wish I had not done this terrible thing我真希望我没做这件可怕的事。(已经做了，表示不 可能实现的愿望)I wish I could fly to the moon one day但愿有一天我能飞往月球。(实际上将来很难实现这个愿望)I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。【考题印证】【xx全国新课标卷】29. Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. A. have hadB. had hadC. haveD. had【解析】D。考查条件状语从句中的虚拟语气。从句中用一般过去时表现在的假设。动词的时态 条件状语从句中的虚拟语气 一般过去式表对现在的假设 【xx陕西卷】17. If may car _more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.A. was B. had beenC. should be D. would be【解析】B。考查虚拟语气。根据主语的谓语动词可知题干是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句谓语动词用had done，选B。【真题体验】1.【xx安徽卷】31. Grace doesnt want to move to New York because she thinks if she there, she wouldnt be able to see her parents very often.A. lives B. would live C. having asked D. Were to live 2. 【xx天津卷】 We wouldnt have called a taxi yesterday if Harold _us a ride home.A. didnt offer B. wouldnt offer C. hasnt offered D. hadnt offered3.【xx山东卷】30. If we _ adequate preparations, the conference wouldnt have been so successful. A. havent madeB. wouldnt makeC. didnt make D. hadnt made 4.【xx北京卷,28】Where are the children? The dinners going to be pletely ruined.I wish they always late.A. werent B. hadnt been C. wouldnt be D. wouldnt have been 5.【xx北京卷,30】Maybe if I science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying 6.（xx湖南卷）If he my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job.A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow 7.（xx天津）John went to the hospital alone. If he me about it, I would have gone with him.A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told 8.（xx陕西卷）If we _ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken 9.（xx北京卷）-The weather has been very hot and dry. -Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables .A. wouldnt die B. didnt dieC. hadnt died D. wouldnt have died10.（xx浙江卷）Had I known about this puter program, a huge amount of time and energy .Awould have been savedBhad been saved Cwill be savedDwas saved【答案解析】1.【解析】D。考查虚拟语气的用法。在表示将来的情况下，主句中第一人称可用should，其他人称用would；从句中任何人称都用should,不可用would.此处were to live用于虚拟语气，表示与将来的事实相反。2.【解析】D。考查虚拟语气的用法。由主句谓语动词wouldnt have called可以看出表示与过去事实相反的情况，从句应用had+过去分词。故选D。3.【解析】D。考查虚拟语气的用法。在虚拟条件句中，表示与过去事实相反的情况，从句用过去完成时，主句用would have done的形式。句意：如果我们没有做好充分的准备，会议就不会这样成功。4.【解析】A。考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“孩子们哪儿去了？这顿饭快要吃不起来了。我但愿他们不要老是迟到。”wish引出虚拟语气，题干中出现always，从句虚拟使用一般过去时。选A。 5.【解析】C。考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为“或许当初我要是学了理科而不是文科，现在就能给你更多的帮助。”then表示过去的时间，if引导的从句是对过去的虚拟，因此使用过去完成时。选C。6.【解析】C。考查虚拟语气。根据 “wouldnt have lost”可判断if引导的状语从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟, 故选C项。7.【解析】D。考查虚拟语气。句意：约翰独自去了医院。如果他告诉我的话, 我会跟他一起去的。前一句是陈述语气, 说明动发生在过去, 而且后一句的主句已经是would have gone说明是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。与之对应的从句结构, 应该用had +过去分词。 8.【解析】B。考查虚拟语气。所填词做虚拟语气中条件状语从句的谓语, 根据主句的谓语动词形式might have ar rived可知题干是与过去事实相反, 故所填部分用had+过去分词形式, 选B。 9.【解析】D。考查虚拟语气中对过去的虚拟。第二个说话人的If条件句是我们选择正确答案的关键。要是当时下雨了, 现在的情况就好的多了！我的蔬菜也就不会死了。过去没有下雨, 所以我的蔬菜干死了也是发生在过去。而将句子还原则为If it had rained even a drop, my vegetables wouldnt have died.If+ had done, 主句为couldnt/ shouldnt/ wouldnt have done. 10.【解析】A。考查虚拟语气。根据句子的倒装特征判断此处是省略了if的虚拟语气, 原形是：If I had known about this puter program, a huge amount of time and energy .故选择A。句意为：如果我早知道这个电脑程序, 就可以节省大量的时间和精力了。四、单元自测第一节 单项选择1I have_preference for music and I know all the famous singers in_history.Aa; /Ba；theC/；the Dthe；/2Never_to force others to accept your idea，or you will make no friends.Aaim BattemptCattend DacceptAwont have had Bwouldnt haveCwouldnt have had Dmustnt have had4These volunteers are raising_money for the AIDS patients.Aa great many Ba great deal ofCa lots of Damount of5You cant_possession of the house until all the papers have been signed.Ashow BtakeCcatch Dhave6I have signed up for the Oral English petition.What a_idea. You even dont know how to introduce yourself in English.Atypical BfragileCsuperb Dridiculous7Jim enjoys travelling very much, but_he doesnt earn much to afford his travel.Atherefore BotherwiseCon the other hand Dconsequently8My friend_me of the fact that I had a gift for painting.Aconvinced Bwas convincedCbelieved Dbelieved in9Because her parents objected to her marriage, she_her family.Abroke down Bbroke outCbroke in Dbroke away from10When I knocked at the door, out_.Acame a boy Ba boy cameCdid a boy e Ddid e a boy11In this country a medal_ten thousand dollars is given to whoever gains success in science and technology every two years.Aas well as Bas wellCbut for Dand12_by his grandparents，Jimmy wasnt used to living with his parents.ATo bring up BTo be brought upCBrought up DBeing brought up13The vegetables grown in this district are much better than_in that district.A/ BthoseCthat Dones14I have_work to do that I dont know where to start.Asuch much Bso muchCsuch little Dso little15_see a film in the crowded cinema，I would read a book at home.ARather than BOther thanCmore than Dbetter than第二节完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分；满分30分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Culture shock is a plex topic, but Im a simple man with simple perspectives. So my experience of foreign culture boils down to three basic stages: anger, acceptance and appreciation.When I _1_ my life in China I was often filled with frustration and _2_over the way things were. Things were seen as clearly “_3_” and I rejected the view of there being other ways of doing things. Afterwards I came to _4_different ways of doing things _5_still saw my own ways as superior.My views were still heavily colored by _6_and I often accepted situations I felt _7_by simply coining the phrase Thats China, _8_ China was a backward country that simply didnt do things correctly. Finally, _10_, I came to understand and appreciate the new _9_ and ways of doing things, sometimes using them as effectively as the_11_.For example, fish is never _12_ with the head in my country, thus my feelings went from “Ugh! I cant eat this! The fish is _13_at me saying, Youre a _14 man. Take this off the table,” to “Ill let my friends enjoy, but Ill just stick with the other_15_,” and to Would anyone mind if I eat the eyeball?It is not the same with every westerner, and some take _16_ than others to go through the three stages. It all depends on how _17_ you are and how tightly you _18_to your own culture. It took a little over a year of living in China _19_ I finally appreciate the new culture. Now, Im more _20_in China than in my own country.1. A. ended B. began C. continued D. enjoyed2. A. curiosity B. fear C. purpose D. anger3. A. wrong B. right C. wise D. smooth4. A. find B. use C. accept D. refuse5. A. or B. but C. while D. so6. A. preferences B. references C. facts D. standards7. A. necessary B. important C. nervous D. stupid8. A. mentioning B. saying C. meaning D. referring9. A. therefore B. however C. besides D. thus10. A. character B. personality C. revolution D. culture11. A. locals B. foreigners C. researchers D. citizens12. A. bought B. sold C. served D. separated13. A. glancing B. laughing C. shouting D. staring14. A. kind B. cruel C. brave D. unique15. A. fishes B. vegetables C. dishes D. soups16. A. more B. less C. further D. longer17. A. adaptable B. considerable C. dependable D. enjoyable18. A. get B. hold C. catch D. insist19. A. since B. as C. before D .when20. A. anxious B. weled C. fortable D. miserable第三节 阅读理解AOpposition is growing to the Berlin Zoos plans to find a new home for Knut, the moneymaking celebrity polar bear whose popularity has been exploited by environmentalists and even Canadian tourism promoters.No longer cute, and just days before his second birthday, Knut will be given a new home that is expected to include a potential mating partner.The Berlin Zoo, facing the global economic crisis, cant afford the estimated $ 13 million it would take to acquire a female and a new home for them to share. “Its time for him to go - the sooner he gets a new home the better,” said senior bear keeper Heiner Kloes.But some Berliners are beginning a campaign, collecting petition (情愿书) signatures and arguing that hes a tourist draw and a symbol as important as the Brandenburg Gate. “He means a lot to many people. When youre with him you forget your problems,” Hartmut Wiedenroth, co-founder of the campaign, told Spiegel Online.Knut became an international celebrity in xx, drawing huge crowds to his cage and triggering sales of thousands of Knut toys and Knut-shaped candies.The Vancouver-based Canadian Tourism mission made Knut a major part of its “CanadaKeep Exploring” campaign to draw tourists to the country- and especially to polar bear country in northern Manitoba to see them in their natural habitat. Environmentalists also used the bear to promote the fight against global warming.But Knuts popularity diminished as his size increased to 210 kilograms, He was photographed at one point snapping (咬) at a child near his cage. In September his keeper, Thomas Doerflein, died of a heart attack. Doerflein, who became a celebrity himself after nursing the tiny ball of white fur when Knuts mother rejected him, had been re-assigned shortly after Knuts first birthday. Some animal rights critics said Knut has been showing unusually aggressive behavior because of his unnatural upbringing.1. The Berlin Zoo intends to find a new home for Knut mainly because of _.A. the mother bear deserting him B. Knuts aggressive behaviorC. lacking a skillful bear keeper D. its financial problem2 . A campaign is being launched in Berlin _.A. in order to keep Knut in the zooB. by selling Knut-shaped candiesC. to draw tourists to northern ManitobaD. to warn people of global warming3 . The underlined word “triggering” in Paragraph 5 can be replaced by “_”.A. decreasing B. preventing C. promoting D. conducting 4 . What would be the best title for the passage?A. Doerflein,