2019-2020年高中英语必修8Unit2Theuniversallanguage--Section3Wordsandexpressions(Reading).doc

2019-2020年高中英语必修8Unit2Theuniversallanguage-Section3Wordsandexpressions(Reading)1. It starred some of the worlds greatest opera singers. (P18) 几位世界顶级歌剧演唱家担当主演。star n. C a very famous, successful and important person, especially a performer such as a musician, actor or sports player: 明星a rock/movie/football starKids wanting to be stars e to Hollywood from all over America.v. I + preposition; T (-rr-) If a film, play, etc. stars someone, or if someone stars in a film, play, etc., they are the main person in it: 主演Ben Kingsley starred in the film Gandhi.Fowless novel The French Lieutenants Woman was turned into a film starring Meryl Streep.2. In order to avoid marriage, she says that any potential husband must answer three riddles correctly or die. (P18) 为了不出嫁，她说任何想要成为他的丈夫的人必须猜中三道谜语，否则就要被处死。avoid v. T to stay away from someone or sth., or prevent sth. from happening or not allow yourself to do sth.: 避免I try to avoid supermarkets on Saturdays theyre always so busy.+ ing form of verb I try to avoid going shopping on Saturdays.The report studiously avoided any mention of the controversial plan.The plane narrowly avoided disaster when one of the engines cut out on take-off.I left the pub to avoid a fight (= prevent a fight from happening).Unnecessary paperwork should be avoided (= prevented) at all costs.Im anxious to avoid the motorway at rush hour.Do you think Tims avoiding me? I havent seen him all day.3. Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden Citythere could not be a better setting! (P18) 想想在紫禁城上演这出歌剧吧不可能有比这更好的场景了！imaginev. T 1) to form or have a mental picture or idea of sth.: 想象Imagine Robert Redford when he was youngthats what John looks like.+ (that) Imagine (that) youre eating an ice creamtry to feel how cold it is.+ question word Can you imagine how it feels to be blind?+ ing form of verb She imagined herself sitting in her favorite armchair back home.They hadnt imagined (= expected) (that) it would be so difficult.I cant imagine (= I really dont know) what he wants from us.2) to believe that sth. is probably true: 设想+ (that) I imagine (that) hes under a lot of pressure at the moment.I dont imagine (that) they have much money.Will they change it? I imagine so.3) to think that sth. exists or is true, although in fact it is not real or true: 假设Did you hear a noise? No, youre imagining things/No, you must have imagined it.Ive never heard her criticize you - I think you imagine it.4) UK you cant imagine used to emphasize a statement:You cant imagine what a mess the house was in after the party.5) used to express shock or surprise, often at someone elses behavior:She got married at 16! Imagine that!+ ing form of verb Imagine spending all that money on a coat!imaginable adj. possible to think of: 可想象的The school offers courses in every subject imaginable.ice cream of every imaginable flavourimaginary adj. describes sth. that is created by and exists only in the mind; that is not real: 想象中的As a child I had an imaginary friend called Polly.The story is set in an imaginary world.imaginary fears高考链接1. It is difficult to imagine his _ the decision without any consideration. (xx 陕西)A. to accept B. accept C. accepting D. accepted2. There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man. My goodness! I cant imagine _ that old. (xx年江苏) A. to be B. to have been C. being D. having been3. Never in my wildest dreams _these people are living in such poor conditions(xx安徽)AI could imagine Bcould I imagineCI couldnt imagine Dcouldnt I imagine4. You cant imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _be so rude to a lady. (xx上海）A. mightB. needC. shouldD. would答案及解析: 1. C. imagine ones doing sth. 想象某人做某事。 2. C. imagine doing 3. B. 否定词never在句首, 句子要用局部倒装。 4. C. should居然4. Shortly afterwards, another prince, Calaf sees Turandot for the first time and falls in love. (P18) 过后不久，另一位王子卡拉夫第一次见到图兰朵，并且爱上了她。shortlyadv. soon: 很快We will shortly be arriving in Kings Cross Station.shortly after/before sth.a short time after or before sth.:Shortly after you left, a man came into the office looking for you.fall in loveto be very attracted to someone and begin to love them:They met and fell madly in love.He fell in love with a young German student.I thought I was falling in love.fall in love (with sb.)to start to love someone romantically and sexually:I was 20 when I first fell in love.be in loveto love someone in a romantic and sexual way:Im in love for the first time and its wonderful.Theyre still madly in love (with each other).高考链接It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. (xx上海)A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallenC. should fall D. were to fall答案及解析：B 提干中 what I would be doing today表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，可见，if 引导的条件句也应该使用虚拟语气，但条件句中的时间状语为at the age of seven表示过去，说明与过去事实相反，故应选用过去完成时。5. The story then takes on a classic love triangle featuring Calaf, Turandot, and Liu, whose love for Calaf is unconditional. (P18) 故事随后演绎了发生在卡拉夫、图兰朵和柳儿三人之间的经典三角恋情，其中，柳儿对卡拉夫的爱是无条件的。 take ontake sth. on phrasal verb 1) to accept a particular job or responsibility: 承担工作或责任等She took too much on and made herself ill.2) to begin to have a particular quality: 呈现出Her voice took on a troubled tone.take sb. on phrasal verb 1) to employ someone: 雇佣某人She was taken on as a laboratory assistant.2) to pete against or fight someone: 与某人竞争或打斗The Government took on the unions and won.take常用短语take after sb. phrasal verbto be similar to an older member of your family in appearance or character: 长相或性格相像He takes after his mother/his mothers side of the family.take sth. down phrasal verb to write sth. that another person has just said: 记下，写下He took down my address and phone number and said hed phone back.take sth. from sb. phrasal verb If you take words, information or ideas from another person or piece of work, you use or develop them in some way: 选自，摘自The plot is taken from Shakespeare.take sth. in phrasal verb 1) to understand pletely the meaning or importance of sth.: 理解I had to read the letter twice before I could take it all in.It was an interesting exhibition, but there was too much to take in at once.2) to include sth.: 吸收The new town takes in three former villages.3) to go to watch a film or performance, or to visit a place such as a museum: 观看，参观I thought we might get something to eat and then take in a movie.4) to cause someone to believe sth. which is not true, or to trick or deceive someone: 欺骗I cant believe she was taken in by him.5) to take care of someone and provide a place in your home for them: 照顾并提供住宿Several families take in foreign students.6) to make a piece of clothing narrower, by changing the position of some of the stitching joining it together: 改小（衣服）Ill have to take this dress in at the waist - its too big.take sth. off (REMOVE) phrasal verb1) to remove sth., especially clothes: 脱去，除去，移动He took off his clothes and got into the bath.After the poisoning scare, the product was taken off the shelves/the market (= removed from sale).2) If an aircraft, bird or insect takes off, it leaves the ground and begins to fly: 起飞The plane took off at 8.30 a.m.3) to spend time away from your work: 休假He took off two weeks in September.4) to suddenly start to be successful or popular: 成功Her singing career had just begun to take off.take sth. out phrasal verb to remove sth. from somewhere: 拔去， 除去Ive had a tooth taken out.take sb. out phrasal verb to go somewhere and do sth. with someone, usually sth. you plan and pay for: 带某人出去Dads taking the whole family out to the cinema.Our boss took us out for a meal.take sth. up phrasal verb 1) to start doing a particular job or activity: 从事工作，活动等Hes taken up the post of supervisor.+ ing form of verb Have you ever thought of taking up acting?Ian took up (= continued) the story where Sue had left off.2) to fill an amount of space or time: 占据This desk takes up too much room.Too much of this report is taken up with out-of-date figures.3) to discuss sth. or deal with sth.: 讨论某一话题The school took the matter up with the police.UK Id like to take you up on your sales figures for June.A leading law firm took up his case.高考链接1. Helen always helps her mother even though going to school _ most of her day. (xx 全国)A. takes up B. makes up C. saves up D. puts up2. His mother had thought it would be good for his character to _ from home and earn some money on his own. (xx北京)A. run away B. take away C. keep away D. get away3. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane_. (xx福建)A. takes off B. is taking off C. has taken off D. took off4. Four dollars a pair? I think its a bit too muchIf you buy three pairs, the price for each will _to three fifty(xx安徽）A. e down B. take down C. turn over D. go over5. Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026_ off at 18:20. (xx四川) A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken 答案及解析：1. A. take up在此题中是占据的意思. 尽管上学占据了她大部分时间。 2. D. get away from home离开家。 3. B. 飞机就要起飞了。 4. A. e down 下降，此处指价格的下跌。. 5. A. 航班班次的起飞时间用一般现在时。.unconditionaladj. plete and not limited in any way: 无条件的the unconditional love that one has for ones childunconditional surrenderWe demand the immediate and unconditional release of all political prisoners.6. In the story, Turandot is drunk with power. (P18) 故事中，图兰朵醉心于权利。drunk with power having a strong and unreasonable feeling of being able to control other people 醉心于权利7. The emperor finds the deaths of so many men disturbing and although he would like to, he cannot break his promise. (P18) 皇上为杀了这么多人而感到很不安，虽然他很想收回这一允诺，但又不能食言。disturbv. T 1) to interrupt what someone is doing: 打断Please dont disturb Georginashes trying to do her homework.Im sorry to disturb you so late, but my cars broken down and I was wondering if I could use your phone.2) to cause someone to be anxious or upset: 使心烦Some scenes are violent and may disturb younger viewers.disturbing adj. making you feel worried or upset: 心烦意乱的The Home Secretary described the latest crime figures as disturbing.The following programme contains scenes that may be disturbing to some viewers.disturbingly adv. Pollution has reached disturbingly high levels in some urban areas.promisev. I or T to tell someone that you will certainly do sth.: 承诺,允诺+ to infinitive He promised faithfully to call me every week.+ that The government have promised that theyll reduce taxes.+ (that) Promise me (that) you wont tell him.Ill have a look for some while Im at the shops but Im not promising anything.Can I have that book back when youve finished because Ive promised it (= I have said I will give it) to Sara.+ two objects Her parents promised her a new car if she passed her exams.Ive promised myself a long bath when I get through all this work.+ speech Ill e round and see you every day, she promised.I wont do anything dangerous. You promise? I promise.I wont have time to take you shopping this afternoon. But you promised! promise to be good/exciting, etc. to be expected to be good/exciting, etc: 可望It promises to be a really exciting match.n. C when you say that you will certainly do sth.: 允诺,诺言Ill tidy my things away tonightand thats a promise!Ill try to get back in time, but Im not making any promises.n. U when someone or sth. is likely to develop successfully and people expect this to happen: 希望，前途His English teacher had written on his report that he showed great promise.As a child I was quite a good dancer, but I didnt fulfill my early promise.promising adj. sth. which is promising shows signs that it is going to be successful or enjoyable:有前途的，有希望的They won the award for the most promising new band of the year.Hows your new venture going? Its looking quite promising.Its a great restaurant but it doesnt look at all promising from the outside.NOTE: The opposite is unpromising.keep/break a promise to do/not do what you said that you would do: 遵守/违背诺言If I make a promise, I like to keep it.高考链接Nancy is not ing tonight.But she_! (xx全国)A. promises B. promised C. will promise D. had promised答案及解析: B. 但是她答应的，表过去的事实，用一般过去时8. Seeing this, Calaf says that if she can guess his name by sunrise, she does not have to marry him. (P19) 见此，卡拉夫说如果她能在太阳升起之前猜出他的名字，她就可以不嫁给他。guessv. I or T 1) to give an answer to a particular question when you do not have all the facts and so cannot be certain if you are correct:I didnt know the answer, so I had to guess.On the last question, she guessed right/wrong.2) to give the correct answer or make the correct judgment:+ question word I bet you cant guess how old he is.She guessed the answer first time.n. C 1) an attempt to give the right answer when you are not certain if you are correct:Go onhave/make/US take a guess.Whats the time? Its about 5 oclock, at a guess (= without knowing exactly).2) someones opinion about sth. which is formed without any knowledge of the situation:I wonder why shes not here. My guess is that her car has broken down.guess at sth. phrasal verb Tto try to imagine sth. when you have little knowledge or experience of it:There are no photographs of him so we can only guess at what he looked like.Guess what? INFORMALused before telling someone sth. interesting or surprising:Guess what? We won the match 4-0.高考链接You know who came yesterday? Yao Ming? We had a basketball match._He came and watched the game. (xx湖北)A. You guessed it! B. How did you know that C. Well done! D. That was good news!答案：Asunrisen. U (US INFORMAL ALSO sun-up)the time in the morning when the sun starts to rise in the sky:They went out at sunrise to go bird-watching.We have to leave before sun-up tomorrow.n. C the appearance of the sky when the sun starts to rise:There was a beautiful sunrise this morning.marry v. I or T to bee the legally accepted husband or wife of someone in an official or religious ceremony: 结婚Men tend to marry later than women.Paul married Lucy four years ago.They dont have any plans to marry at present.T to perform the ceremony of marriage as a priest or official: 举办结婚仪式The couple were married by the Archbishop of Canterbury .married adj. having a wife or husband: 已婚的a married coupleWeve been happily married for five years.Please state whether you are single, cohabiting, married, separated, divorced or widowed.PC Smith was married with two children.So how are you enjoying married life?She had an affair with a married man.The survey reveals that two-thirds of married women earn less than their husbands.So how long have you been married to Nicky?FIGURATIVE Rachel seems to be married to (= very involved with) her new job at the moment, so we hardly ever see her.get married to begin a legal relationship with someone as their husband or wife: 结婚When are you getting married?Chris and Debbie got married last summer.Jamies getting married to Laura.高考链接My uncle _until he was forty-five. (xx上海）A. married B. didnt marry C. was not marrying D. would marry答案: B.9. Then Calaf says his own name aloud, leaving his future in Turandots hands. (P19) 然后卡拉夫大声地说出了自己的名字，把自己的未来托付给图兰朵之手。fallv. I + adverb or preposition; L fell, fallen to change to a particular condition from a different one: 成为的状态He always falls asleep after drinking red wine.Your rent falls due (= must be paid) on the first of the month.She suddenly fell ill.The book fell open (= opened by chance) at the page on Venice.The government has fallen strangely silent on the subject of tax cuts after all its promises at the last election.Silence fell on the group of men (= They became silent) as they received the news.She fell under the influence of (= began to be influenced by) an older student.高考链接1. I _ while reading the English textbook. Luckily, my roommate woke me up in time! (xx北京春)A. had fallen asleepB. have fallen asleepC. fell asleepD. fall asleep2. As she the newspaper, Granny asleep. (1995全国)A. read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read; fell答案及解析：1. C. 此题考查时态一致。根据语境且整个句子所表达的情况都是“过去”，用一般过去时最合适。 2. B. 句中的as = when, while，意为“当之时”。描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。句意为 “在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。”句中的 fell (fall的过去时)，是系动词，后跟形容词，如：fall sick。10. The opera finishes with a beautifully-sung final duet, which was so moving that the audience fell silent. (P19) 歌剧在一段美妙的终曲二重唱中结束。这段二重唱非常感人，观众都陷入了沉默。movingadj. causing strong feelings of sadness or sympathy:a very moving storyI find some of Brahmss music deeply moving.silentadj. 1) without any sound:The empty house was pletely silent.2) without talking:She whispered a silent prayer that her wounded brother would not die.The police officer told the criminal that he had the right to remain silent.The minister was silent on/about his plans for the future.Arthur has always been the strong, silent type (= a type of person, usually a man, who says very little).silence (QUIET) n. U 1) an absence of sound; plete quiet:A loud crash of thunder broke the silence of the night.Silence reigned (= There was plete silence) in the church.2) a state of not speaking or writing or making a noise:The soldiers listened in silence as their captain gave the orders.Silence (= Stop talking) shouted the teacher.My request for help was met with silence (= I received no answer).C a period of time in which there is plete quiet or an absence of speaking:Their conversation was punctuated by unfortable silences.v. T The teacher raised his voice to silence the class (= to make them stop talking).Her remark about his appearance pletely silenced him (= made him unable to answer).FIGURATIVE Al Capone silenced his opponents (= prevented them from opposing him) by killing them.FIGURATIVE The enemys guns were silenced (= made to stop firing) in a surprise attack.silently adv.silent majority n. U a large number of people who have not expressed an opinion about sth.:A few people have spoken in favour of the plans to build a new car park, but Im sure the silent majority are against it.11. However, in this wonderful production, it has been transformed into the location for a beautiful and heartbreaking love story. (P19) 但是，在这次精彩演出中，它变成了一个美丽而令人心碎的爱情故事的发生地。transformv. T to change pletely the appearance or character of sth. or someone, especially so that they are improved:The reorganization will transform the British entertainment industry.R Whenever a camera was pointed at her, Marilyn would instantly transform herself into a radiant star.location n. C a place or position: 地点The hotel is in a lovely location overlooking the lake.A map showing the location of the property will be sent to you.n. U 定位The latest navigational aids make the location of the airfield quite easyn. C or U a place away from a studio where all or part of a film or a television show is recorded: