2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习 基础考点聚焦 Unit 4 Cyberspace 北师大版必修2.doc

2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习 基础考点聚焦 Unit 4 Cyberspace 北师大版必修21.connect v联系2.conveniently adv.方便地3.develop v.发展4.explore v.探索5.solve v. 解决6.simplify v.简化7.equip v.装备；配备8.concludev.总结9.create v.创造10.invent v.发明11.inspire v.鼓舞；启示12.research n.研究13.accurate adj.精确的14.apply to适用于；运用15.meet ones needs满足某人的需求16.break through突破17.owe sth.to sb. 把某事归功于某人18.get a better understanding of 对有较好的理解19.take.seriously 重视20.pay off获得回报1.To his satisfaction, most of the employees are in favor of his suggestion.让他满意的是，大多数雇员都支持他的建议。2.The club could help more people who were in need using this new technology. 使用新技术，这个俱乐部能够帮到更多的需要帮助的人。3.Parents should try to have a talk with their children to learn what they are thinking about.父母应该尽量和孩子们谈一谈，了解他们的想法。(xx山东乳山一中高三模拟)假定你是李华，贵校在学生中征集意见，询问学生是否赞成开设iPad课堂(iPad classrooms)。你支持开设iPad课堂；请给校长写一封建议信，要点如下：1.资源丰富；2.促进交流；3.利于环保。Dear Headmaster，We have been asked about our opinions on opening iPad classrooms. I am in favor of this plan. To begin with, everyone learns differently. Students can be exposed to enough information using their iPads. Moreover, when connected to the Internet, students can interact with teachers and classmates about what they learn more conveniently. For the sake of environmental protection, opening iPad classrooms is a good way to save trees that we have been cutting down for paper. Most importantly, I believe students will develop their interests by enjoying a new way of learning.I hope you would take my ideas into consideration and we look forward to attending an iPad class. Yours sincerely，Li Hua1concept n概念2chart n.表格，图表3gallery n.画廊4artificial adj.人造的5virus n.病毒6crime n.犯罪；罪行7terrorist n.恐怖分子8nuclear adj.原子能的9network n.网络10title n.标题；题目11flesh n.肉；肉体12exit vt.出；离开13dip vt.浸14millionaire n.百万富翁15tourism n.观光，游览1likely adj.有可能的adv.(与most, very连用)可能2focus vi.集中注意3average adj.平均的 n.平均数4climate n.气候5flood n.洪水，水灾 vt. & vi.淹没6affect vt.影响7rapidly adv.快，迅速地8. growth n.增长；生长9crash vt.(汽车、飞机等)撞毁；坠毁10project n.课题；方案；工程11fancy vt.(非正式)想要做；幻想12reject vt.拒绝，不接受13destination n.目的地14pack vt.收拾(行李)，打包15guide n.指南；导游，向导16view n.景色，风景1. reality n真实，现实 real adj.真的 really adv.真实地；实际上2attack n. & vt. 攻击，进攻attacker n. 攻击者3optimistic adj. 乐观的optimism n. 乐观；乐观主义optimist n. 乐观的人；乐天派4entertainment n. 娱乐；款待entertain vt. 使娱乐；款待5disappear vi. 消失 disappearance n. 消失appear vi. 出现(反义词)appearance n. 出现；外貌6harm vt. & n. 伤害，损害harmful adj. 有伤害的harmless adj. 无害的7obvious adj. 明显的，显而易见的obviously adv. 明显地8scientific adj. 科学的science n. 科学scientist n. 科学家9suggestion n. 建议，提议suggest vt.建议，提议10arrangement n. 安排arrange vt. 安排11settle vi. 定居settlement n. 定居地settler n. 移民者12regular adj. 定期的；规则的regularly adv. 定期地；规则地regulation n. 章程，规章制度13attractive adj. 吸引人的，有魅力的attraction n. 吸引力；具有吸引力的事物或人attract vt.吸引14. officially adv.正式地 official adj.官方的；正式的用所给词的适当形式填空1The sufferers were all optimists and I was deeply affected by their optimism. And I began to learn to be optimistic，too.(optimistic)2The woman pays a regular visit to her doctor. The doctor examines her body regularly. While she is waiting, she often repeats the regulations on the wall.(regular)3What attracted him most was the attractive park. But he planned to visit another attraction in this area first.(attract)4Reading in the sun does harm to our eyes.That is，it is harmful to our eyes to read in the sun. However，the sunlight is harmless to the crops.(harm)5It is obvious that the boy doesnt like the singer. Obviously,_he is looking for another singer in the hall.(obvious)1make_up编造，构成2e_true(愿望、梦想等)实现3as_if好像，仿佛4hang_on(电话用语)别挂断5get_in_touch取得联系6be_up_to做，从事于7in_the_flesh本人亲身8._as_well_as也，又9._be_known_as被认为是10._in_the_future将来11._take_action采取行动12._whats_more而且13._take_over接收，接管14._consist_of由组成15._cut_off切掉，切断选用上面的短语填空The girl is good at 1.making_up interesting stories and her dream is to be a writer 2.in_the_future. She heard of a writer who 3.is_known_as one of the greatest writers in China.She decided to manage to 4.get_in_touch with him. 1Itisadj.that.句型，其中it作形式主语.“it is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.”【仿写】很明显，这部电影在中国获得了很大的成功。It_is_clear_that the film was a great success in China.2. as if 意为“好像，似乎”，既可以引导表语从句，也可以引导状语从句，从句常使用虚拟语气Some experts see our future in virtual realitythe use of puters with sounds and pictures that make you feel as if you are in a real situation.【仿写】那个女人站在那里，好像是一座雕塑。The woman was standing there，as_if_she_were_a_statue3have sth.done使某事被做，让别人做某事Do you have anything planned for Saturday and Sunday?【仿写】我哥哥很忙，所以他让人录下来里约奥运会的开幕式典礼。My brother was busy, so he had the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games of Rio recorded4not only.but also.意为“不但而且”，用来连接两个对等的句子成分We would not only be able to travel around the world，but also go to study in any world famous universities we wanted to.【仿写】不但学生们有难题，老师们自己也有。There are problems not_only_with_the_students，but_also_with_the_teachers_themselves5动词it形容词to do sth.句型，it作形式宾语But I still find it hard to imagine.【仿写】大多数家长认为和孩子的老师相处好很重要。Most of the parents think_it_important_to_get_on_well with their childrens teachers.will/be going to 表示将来的用法；虚拟语气单句语法填空1I heard that Ann was injured just now. I will_go(go) to see her this afternoon.2If I saw(see) him tomorrow，I would invite him to e to attend my wedding.3If you had_taken(take) my advice，you wouldnt be crying over your future now.4I am_going_to_take(take) my driving test tomorrow and now I am a little worried.5Without the Internet，our life would_be(be) quite different nowadays. likelyadj.有可能的，有希望的 adv.(与most, very连用)可能；或许，很可能(xx全国卷甲语法填空)If you find something you love doing outside of the office, youll be less likely to bring your work home.如果你在办公室之外找到了喜欢做的事情，你就不太可能把工作带回家去做。It is likely that.很有可能sb./sth.is likely to do sth.有可能做某事not likely(表示坚决不同意)绝不可能，绝对不会 It is likely that he will agree with the plan to advocate a lowcarbon lifestyle.他很有可能会同意这个提倡低碳生活的计划。How about having a phone out here?在这里装个电话怎么样？Not likely!不可能！possible可能性相对小，作表语时，主语不能是人，常用句式为“It is possible for sb.to do sth.”或“It is possible that.”likely 表示某事很可能发生，与probable 意思相近，但主语可以是人也可以是物。常用于“It is likely that.或sb./sth.be likely to do.”句型中，但不能说“It is likely for sb.to do sth.”probable 带有“很可能”的意味，语气比possible强，作表语时不能用人或不定式作主语，常用句式为“It is probable that.”基础练习选词填空(likely/probable/possible)(1)It is possible for her to work out the maths problem in such a short time because she is very clever.(2)Which are you more likely to have with you at any given momentyour telephone or your wallet?(3)It is likely/probable/possible that they will e to attend the meeting.能力提升单句写作(4)(xx全国卷)有很好的年计划的学生更可能满足并能完成选择的课程。Students who take a wellplanned year out are_more_likely_to_be_satisfied_with,_and plete, their chosen course.(5)(xx北京高考)毫不奇怪，年轻人有可能会爆发，尤其是当有理由这样做的时候。It is not surprising that young people are_likely_to_burst_out,_particularly when there are reasons to do so. focus vi.集中注意；(使)聚焦 n焦点，焦距，聚焦；(活动、兴趣等的)中心，集中点(教材P4)In a book with lots of pictures and charts，I am likely to focus mainly on the written text.在一本有很多图画和图表的书里，我很可能主要注意书面文字。(1)focus on.集中于focus ones attention/eyes/energy on.集中注意力/目光/精力于(2)the focus of attention/concern注意力/关注的焦点(3)be focused on集中在；集中注意力 (xx全国卷甲语法填空) Most of us are more focused on our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.我们中的大多数人在早上的时候会比我们在一天中的晚些时候更加集中于我们的工作。Health and environmental problems have increasingly bee the focus of attention/concern.健康和环境问题日益成为人们关注的焦点。基础练习单句语法填空(1)With his attention focused(focus) on his homework，he forgot all about what I had told him.(2)Having_focused(focus) his attention on urgent problems，he hardly has time to play games with you.能力提升高考小作文(3)(福建高考书面表达)这表明当今社会的一个普遍现象： 孩子是家庭的中心， 承载着父母的希望。 It shows a mon phenomenon nowadays that children_are_the_focus_of_families,_shouldering the hope of their parents. affect vt.影响；(疾病等)侵袭(教材P8)Peter Taylor finds out how puters and the Internet are going to affect our lives.彼得泰勒发现了计算机和互联网将如何影响我们的生活。(1)be affected by.被感动/感染；受的影响(2)effect n.影响have an effect/influence on对产生影响 (xx北京高考)Technological change is everywhere and affects every aspect of life，mostly for the better.技术变革随处可见，影响着生活的每个方面，主要是使生活变得更好。People present at the meeting were affected by his moving story.出席会议的人被他感人的故事深深打动。基础练习单句语法填空(1)She was_affected(affect) by her parents divorce last year.(2)Unfortunately, the heavy rain has a bad effect on the crops here.能力提升一句多译听众被深深地打动了， 他们长时间热烈地鼓掌。 (3)The audience were/was_deeply_affected,_and they warmly applauded for a long time.(4)Deeply_affected,_the audience warmly applauded for a long time.(用过去分词作状语)(5)The audience, deeply_affected,_warmly applauded for a long time.(用过去分词作定语) harm vt.&n.伤害，损害(教材P8)someone who does terrible things to harm countries，governments and people某个做了恶劣的行径危害国家、政府和人民的人(1)do/cause harm to对造成伤害There is no harm in doing sth.做某事无害(2)harmful adj.(尤指对健康或环境)有害的，导致损害的be harmful to.对有害(3)harmless adj.无害的be harmless to.对无害(xx上海高考语法填空)But like so many other things, it is only too much stress that does you harm.但是和很多其他事情一样，只有太多的压力才对你有害。If you want to solve the problem in this way，there is no harm in calling him.如果你想以这种方式来处理问题，你不妨给他打个电话。基础练习单句语法填空(1)Eating sweets occasionally doesnt do harm to children.(2)Most materials in this factory are harmful(harm) to us, so I have decided to quit.能力提升一句多译众所周知， 观看暴力电视节目真的对孩子有害。 (3)As we know, watching violence on TV really harms_children(harm vt.)(4)As we know, watching violence on TV really does/causes_harm_to_children(harm n)(5)As we know, watching violence on TV is_really_harmful_to_children(harmful adj.) suggest vt.建议，提议；推荐；表明，暗示(教材P12)Tom，can you suggest any good books for my project?汤姆，你能推荐一些和我做的项目有关的好书吗？(1)suggest (sb.s) doing sth.建议(某人)做某事suggest (that).(should) do建议(从句用虚拟语气)It is suggested that.建议(that从句中用虚拟语气)(2)suggestion n.建议，提议make/offer/give a suggestion提出建议 (xx全国卷甲短文改错)Some classmates suggest we (should) go to places of interest nearby.一些同学建议去附近的景点看看。(xx天津高考单项填空)The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.因有太多的工作，经理提出一个建议，我们应该配备个助手。suggest作“建议”讲时，后接从句时要用虚拟语气(suggestion后面的名词性从句也要用虚拟语气)。作“暗示，表明”讲时，后接的从句不用虚拟语气。(xx全国卷乙)Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing.然而，有证据表明有在增长的趋势。基础练习单句改错(1)New brain research suggests our brains should work differently when we face a nervous situation. 去掉should(2)The smile on her face suggested that she be very satisfied with what we had done. bewas能力提升高考小作文(3)(xx四川高考书面表达)为了掌握普通话， 我强烈建议你多与中国人练习， 只有通过练习你才能发现这种语言的美。To master Mandarin, I strongly suggest_you(should)_practice_with_Chinese people.Only through practice can you find the beauty of this language. settlevi.定居，安家；停留 vt.安排，解决，处理；决定；安放(经典例句) The problem is not so easy as you think. It is far from being settled.这个问题不像你想得那么简单，它还远没有解决。(1)settle to do sth.决定做某事settle down定居；平静下来settle down to (doing) sth.开始认真对待某事；安下心来做某事settle in定居；习惯于；迁入(新居)settle on决定；选定(2)settler n.移居者settlement n.移民；和解，协议 It always takes the class a while to settle down at the beginning of the lesson.那个班在开始上课时总得过一会儿才能安静下来。The pressure is now on the unions to reach a settlement.目前正对各工会施加压力，要他们达成协议。基础练习单句语法填空(1)The settler(settle) hasnt settled in his new job so far.(2)Are you ever going to settle down and get married ?(3) The young people settled on that island for their wedding.(4) It is noisy here and I cant settle down to writing(write) my novel.(5) He got the flat as part of their divorce settlement(settle)能力提升句式升级(6)The problem had been settled, so they became very happy and relaxed.With_the_problem_settled，they became very happy and relaxed. (用with复合结构改写) viewn景色；风景；视野；观点；意见 vt.眺望；观察；观看；看作(教材P14)In the city，you can enjoy an amazing view from the Sky Tower，which is the citys tallest Tower.在这座城市里，你可以享受天空塔的令人惊叹的风景，它是这座城市最高的塔。一词多义写出下列句中view的词性及含义(1)(xx上海高考)Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work.n.观点，见解(2)He climbed up to the top of the church tower to get a better view of the entire city.n.景色，风景(3)(xx全国卷甲短文改错)If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden our view and gain knowledge we cannot get from books. n视野(4)I got an opportunity to view the movie before it was released.vt._观看(1)in ones view在某人看来e into view进入视野，看得见in view of sth.鉴于，考虑到，由于(2)view.as.把视为 (xx全国卷乙)Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a persons needs. 其他文化群体的人很重视沉默，把沉默看做是理解别人的需要所必需的事情。In my view，new styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style.在我看来，新的风格可以与旧风格完美共存。基础练习单句语法填空(1)The Internet is viewed by many as a revolutionary educational tool.(2)In view of the present situation, well have to change our original plan. (3)Foreign ministers of the two countries hold regular meetings，where they can exchange views(view) on international issues of both concern.(4)In my view, its not wise to spend much time playing with smart phones.能力提升单句写作/句式升级(5)我们站在泰山的山顶上。We stand_on_the_top_of_Mount_Tai(6)我们可以清楚地看到整个城市的美景。We are able to have_a_good_view of the beautiful scenery of the whole city.(7)用现在分词短语作状语连接(5)(6)：Standing_on_the_top_of_Mount_Tai,_we_are_able_to_have_a_good_view_of_the_beautiful_scenery_of_the_whole_city. average adj.平均的；普通的；正常的；平常的 n平均数；平均水平；一般水准 v计算出的平均数(xx天津高考单项填空)As the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for.随着人口平均年龄的增长， 越来越多的老人需要照顾。(1)an average of平均有(后跟数词)(2)on (the) average平均起来above/below (the) average在平均水平以上/以下up to average达到平均数； 达到一般水准 Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200, 000, an average of 40, 000 per year.去年毕业时有驾照的学生数量已达到二十万， 平均每年四万。 (xx重庆高考单项填空)Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68 above the average.去年是有史以来最暖和的一年， 全球温度比平均值高出0.68摄氏度。 巧学活用单句语法填空(1)The economy has grown at a remarkable rate, averaging(average) almost 10 percent per annum.(2)(xx四川高考)The mon cold is a good example：women, on average, get fewer colds than men. e true实现，变成现实(教材P7)Which of the predictions in them have already e true?它们里面的哪些预言实现了呢？e loose/right变松/变好go bad/mad/wrong/hungry变质/发疯/出错/挨饿 一般来说，e 与 go 作系动词，都含“变为”之意。e后的形容词表语常指令说话人“感到满意或开心”的结果，go 后的形容词表语多表“令人不快或沮丧”的情况。Dont worry，and everything will e right.别担心，一切都会变好的。There are some families going hungry in the world now.现在世界上有一些家庭正在挨饿。巧学活用句型转换The girl is working hard to realize her dream.The_girl_is_working_hard_to_make_her_dream_e_true. get in touch (with)和取得联系(xx北京高考单项填空)To make it easier to get in touch with us, youd better keep this card at hand. 为了更方便地联系到我们，你最好随身带着这张卡片。keep/stay in touch with与保持联系；了解，掌握lose touch with和失去联系(be) out of touch with与没有联系be in touchwith同有联系 He expressed the hope that we would keep/stay in touch with his firm.他表示希望我们与他的公司保持联系。I have been in touch with him for ten years.我和他已经保持了十年的联系了。基础练习单句改错(1)How long have you got in touch with Mr.Smith？gotbeen_(2)He lost in touch with his father when he was ten years old.去掉in能力提升单句写作(3)It is not easy for us to get_in_touch_with(和取得联系) each other，so we must keep_in_touch(保持联系) from now on.(4)Having_been_out_of_touch(失去联系) with his parents for two years，Jones returned home，safe and sound. hang on(hold on)(电话用语)别挂断；抓紧不放；别放弃，坚持下去；稍等(经典例句)The line is busy，would you like to hang on?电话线路忙，请别挂断好吗？一词多义写出下列句中hang on的含义(1)I think we should hang on and see the end of the game.坚持(2)We all hung on as the bus swung around a sharp bend.紧紧抓住(3)Hang on！Ill be back in a minute.稍等hang on to紧紧抓住；坚持下去；依靠hang out闲逛；常去(某处)hang up挂断电话 (xx江苏高考单项填空)It is often the case that anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.通常，对那些心存希望的人来说，一切皆有可能。They often hang out with bad people out of school after school.放学后，他们经常与校外的坏人一起闲逛。我们学过的表示“挂断电话/别挂断电话”的短语还有：ring off 挂断电话；hold the line别挂断。巧学活用单句语法填空(1)He was so angry that he hung up before I could say a word.(2)If you hang on,_you will succeed in the end.(3)At the weekend I like to just hang out with my friends. (be) up to 做，忙于，从事于；多达，达到(数量/规格)；胜任；直到为止；取决于，由决定；是的责任(教材P11)What are you up to this weekend，John?约翰，这个周末你打算做什么？一词多义写出下列句中be up to 的含义(1)The children are very quiet.I wonder what they are up to.忙于(2)John was dismissed because he was not up to his work.胜任(3)Is their spoken English up to the panys standard？达到(4)“Shall we have red wine or white？” “Its up to you.” 由决定基础练习单句语法填空(1)(xx上海高考语法填空)Up to a certain point, the more stress you are under, the better your performance will be.(2)To beautify our city, a large number of old houses along the street have been pulled down up to the present.能力提升句型转换(3)The young girl is so green that she wont be equal to the job.The young girl is so green that she wont_be_up_to_the_job(4)I have never heard from her, so I dont know what she is busy doing.I have never heard from her, so I dont know what she is_up_to (教材P8).“it is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.”“很明显，我们将会看到网上购物的大幅度增长。”it在句中作形式主语，代指后面that引导的主语从句。it作形式主语的常用句式：(1)It be形容词(possible，strange，natural，important.)that从句。(2)It be过去分词(said，thought，hoped，believed，supposed，reported.)that从句。(3)It不及物动词(seem，occur，happen.)that 从句。(4)It be名词短语(a pity，a fact，a wonder，an honour，no wonder.)that从句。 Its natural that teachers are strict with their students.老师对学生要求严格是很自然的事。It is reported that the player failed to win the first gold medal in Rio in xx.据报道这位运动员没能赢得xx年里约奥运会的首金。巧学活用单句语法填空(1)It is important that everyone should learn to get along well with others in a new environment.(2)It is a pity that Jane and George cant make it to the party.(3)It is believed(believe) that it is the earliest and largest ancient papermaking workshop site ever found in China. (教材P8)Some experts see our future in virtual realitythe use of puters with sounds and pictures that make you feel as if you are in a real situation.有些专家看到我们虚拟现实的未来运用计算机产生的声音和视觉效果，使你感觉就好像生活在现实中一样。(1)as if“好像，似乎”，引导表语从句，用于句型“It looks/seems as if.”中。它也可引导状语从句。(2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极小可能发生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气。与将来事实相反时，从句谓语用would/could/might 动词原形；与现在事实相反时，从句谓语用过去时；与过去事实相反时，从句谓语用过去完成时。(xx上海高考语法填空)The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were their own mother.这些孩子们对她非常友好，甚至把她看作是他们自己的妈妈。I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.我还记得整个事件，就好像它发生在昨天一样。如果as if 引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，且含有be动词，可省略主语和be动词，这样as if 后只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词。She walked here and there on the playground as if looking for something.她在操场上来回走，好像在找什么东西。巧学活用单句语法填空(1)(xx江苏高考) More generally, the Internet functions as if it were(be) my memory.(2)The patient opened his mouth as if to_say(say) something.(3)The man talks about Hong Kong as if he had_been(be) there before.(教材P12)But I still find it hard to imagine.但我还是觉得难以想象。(1)该句型为：动词it补语不定式。it作形式宾语，指代