2019-2020年高考英语典型试题精粹 专题十四 阅读理解.doc

2019-2020年高考英语典型试题精粹 专题十四 阅读理解高考精萃(xx四川卷)In 1943, when I was 4, my parents moved from Coeur dAlene, Idaho, to Fairbanks, Alaska, where adventure was never very far away.We arrived in the summer, just in time to enjoy the midnight sun. All that sunlight was fantastic for Moms vegetable garden. Working in the garden at midnight tended to throw her timing off, so she didnt care much about my bedtime.Dad was a Railway Express agent and Morn was his clerk. That left me in a mess. I usually managed to find some trouble to get into. Once I had a little fire going in the dirt basement of a hotel. I had tried to light a barrel(桶) of paint but couldnt really get a good fire going. The smoke got pretty bad, though, and when I made my exit, a crowd and the police were there to greet me. The policemen took my matches and drove me home.Mom and Dad were occupied in the garden and Dad told the police to keep me, and they did! I had a tour of the prison before Morn rescued me. I hadnt turned 5 yet.As I entered kindergarten, the serious cold began to set in. Would it surprise you to know that I soon left part of my tongue on a metal handrail at school?As for Leonhard Seppala, famous as a dog sledder (驾雪橇者), I think I knew him well because I was taken for a ride with his white dog team one Sunday. At the time I didnt realize what a superstar he was, but I do remember the ride well. I was wrapped (包裹)heavily and well sheltered from the freezing and blowing weather.In 1950, we moved back to Coeur dAlene, but we got one more Alaskan adventure when Leonhard invited us eight years later by paying a visit to Idaho to attend a gathering of former neighbors of Alaska.1What can be inferred about the authors family?A. His father was a cruel man.B. His parents didnt love him.C. His parents used to be very busy.D. His mother didnt have any jobs.2What happened when the author was 4?A. He learned to smoke.B. He was locked in a basement.C. He was arrested by the police.D. He nearly caused a fire accident.3Which of the following is true?A. Leonhard was good at driving dog sleds.B. The author spent his whole childhood in Alaska.C. Leonhard often visited the authors family after 1950.D. The author suffered a lot while taking the dog sled in Alaska.4What is the authors purpose of writing the text?A. To look back on his childhood with adventures.B. To describe the extreme weather of Alaska.C. To express how much he misses Leonhard.D. To show off his pride in making trouble.答案与解析作者四岁的时候，一家人搬到了阿拉斯加州居住。在这个天寒地冻的地方，作者经历过很多的冒险和奇遇，这些成为作者日后难忘的回忆。1C推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句、第三段的前两句和第四段第一句可推断出，作者小时候，父母总是很忙，根本没有时间照顾他。2D细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，喜欢惹是生非的作者有一天差点引发一场火灾。3A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句中的定语“famous as a dog sledder”可知，莱昂纳德擅长驾驶狗拉的雪橇。4A主旨大意题。作者通过写这篇文章主要回忆了自己小时候在阿拉斯加州居住时那些充满冒险和奇遇的童年故事。Passage 2(xx重庆卷)One moment it was quiet and calm in the forest, the next, the air was charged with tension. The elephant had heard the distant alarm calls of animals and her mood suddenly changed. I urged the elephant deeper into the forest. We sounded like a forest firecrackling，snapping，trailblazing. But through all the noise came a sharp warning cry. The elephant stopped and we heard it againthe telltale call of a spotted deer.I looked quickly around the shadows of the forest. Rays of sunlight shone through tree branches, beneath which the patchwork(交错) of green plants and shadowswithinshadows would make tiger stripes (条纹) look more attractive. Apart from an occasional noise from the elephants stomach, the forest was silent.Gradually, the tension slipped from our bodies. The elephant seized a nearby branch and put it into her mouth. I reached forward and gently moved my hand over the elephants neck；there was a soft part, free of wrinkles and hairs, behind her ear.This was my fourth time to_sense_the_aura of the forest in Corbett，although I saw no tigers in the end. Located at the foot of the Himalayan mountains，Corbett is home to about 135 Bengal tigers, but the forest seemed to be guarding their whereabouts(出没处), a silent reminder of their secrecy and rarity. Still，I was happy enough touching the elephant behind the ear. If I had so desperately wanted to see a tiger，I could have gone to a zoo. After all，spotting tigers merely confirms their beauty; tracking them can make you aware of something more.1Which of the following was a clear signal of alarm?A. The elephant stopped.B. A spotted deer called.C. The elephant seized a branch.D. The forest was silent for a while.2The author begins his account of the tour in the forest mainly by _.A. describing various soundsB. paring different animalsC. listing different activitiesD. introducing various plants3What does the underlined part “to sense the aura” most probably mean?A. To see the diversity.B. To enjoy the scenery.C. To feel the atmosphere.D. To experience the freedom.4How does the author feel after several visits to Corbett?A. Seeing a Bengal tiger is quite thrilling.B. It is very timeconsuming to travel in Corbett.C. It is really worthwhile to study the animals in Corbett.D. The process of finding Bengal tigers is most appealing.答案与解析作者去科比特国家公园寻找孟加拉野生虎，虽然这一过程充满了危险、神秘和惊悚，而且毫无结果，但是作者却乐此不疲，觉得寻找老虎的过程最有趣。1B细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句中的“a sharp warning cry”以及it 所指代的“the telltale call of a spotted deer”可知梅花鹿的叫声是一种警告的信号。2A细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，作者主要是通过描述各种各样的声音开始讲述他的森林之旅的。3C推理判断题。根据上文，特别是第一、二段可推断出，画线部分指的是“感觉到那种氛围”。4D推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“After all, spotting tigers merely confirms their beauty; tracking them can make you aware of something more.” 可推断出，作者觉得发现孟加拉虎的过程最吸引人。Passage 3(xx山东卷)It was one of those terribly hot days in Baltimore. Needless to say, it was too hot to do anything outside. But it was also scorching in our apartment. This was 1962, and I would not live in a place with an air conditioner for another ten years. So my brother and I decided to leave the apartment to find someplace indoors. He suggested we could see a movie. It was a brilliant plan.Movie theaters were one of the few places you could sit all day andmost importantsit in air conditioning. In those days, you could buy one ticket and sit through two movies. Then, the theater would show the same two movies again. If you wanted to, you could sit through them twice. Most people did not do that, but the manager at our theater, Mr. Bellow, did not mind if you did.That particular day, my brother and I sat through both movies twice, trying to escape the heat. We bought three bags of popcorn and three sodas each. Then, we sat and watched The Music Man followed by The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance. Wed already seen the second movie once before. It had been at the theater since January, because Mr. Bellow loved anything with John Wayne in it.We left the theater around 8, just before the evening shows began. But we returned the next day and saw the same two movies again, twice more. And we did it the next day too. Finally, on the fourth day, the heat wave broke.Still, to this day I can sing half the songs in The Music Man and recite half of John Wayne and Jimmy Stewarts dialogue from The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance! Those memories are some of the few I have of the heat wave of 1962. Theyre really memories of the screen, not memories of my life.1In which year did the author first live in a place with an air conditioner?A1952.B1962.C1972. D1982.2What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to?AThe heat.BThe theater.CThe Music Man.DThe Man Who Shot Liberty Valance.3What do we known about Mr. Bellow?AHe loved children very much.BHe was a fan of John Wayne.CHe sold air conditioners.DHe was a movie star.4Why did the author and his/her brother see the same movies several times?AThe two movies were really wonderful.BThey wanted to avoid the heat outside.CThe manager of the theater was friendly.DThey liked the popcorn and the soda at the theater.5What can we learn from the last paragraph?AThe author turned out to be a great singer.BThe author enjoyed the heat wave of 1962.CThe authors life has been changed by the two movies.DThe author considers the experience at the theater unforgettable.答案与解析本文为记叙文。1962年天气炎热，家中没有空调，作者与其弟弟两人来到电影院看电影躲避酷暑。1C细节理解题。根据文章第一段“This was 1962, and I would not live in a place with an air conditioner for another ten years.”可知，那年是1962年，作者在没有空调的房子里又生活了十年。所以可以得知，作者第一次生活在有空调的屋子里应是1972年。2D代词指代题。根据文章第三段中“Then, we sat and watched The Music Man follwed by The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance. Wed already seen the second movie once before.”可知，画线词it 指的是上文提到的电影The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance，故D项正确。3B细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句“It had been at the theater since January, because Mr. Bellow loved anything with John Wayne in it.”可知他是约翰韦恩的一位影迷。故B项正确。4B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Finally, on the fourth day, the heat wave broke.”以及第二段第一句和第三段第一句可知，他们反复看同样的影片，就是为了在电影院避暑。故B项正确。5D推理判断题。根据文章最后一段所述内容可知，直到今天，当时的情景历历在目，甚至其中的一些台词作者都能背诵。因此可以看出，这段经历对作者来说是难忘的。故D项正确。Passage 4(xx福建卷)It was Mothers Day morning last year and I was doing shopping at our local supermarket with my fiveyearold son, Tenyson. As we were leaving, we found that only minutes earlier an elderly woman had fallen over at the entrance and had hit her head on the concrete. Her husband was with her, but there was blood everywhere and the woman was embarrassed and clearly in shock.Walking towards the scene, Tenyson became very upset about what had happened to the couple. He said to me, “Mum, its not much fun falling over in front of everyone.”At the front of the supermarket, a charity(慈善) group had set up a stand selling cooked sausages and flowers to raise funds. Tenyson suggested that we should buy the lady a flower. “It will make her feel better，” he said. I was amazed that hed e up with this sweet idea. So we went over to the flower seller and asked her if we could buy a flower for the lady to cheer her up. “Just take it，”she replied. “I cant take your money for such a wonderful gesture.”By now paramedics(急救人员) had arrived, and were attending to the injured woman. As we walked up to her, my son became intimidated by all the blood and medical equipment. He said he was just too scared to go up to her.Instead I gave the flower to the womans husband and told him, “My son was very upset for your wife and wanted to give her this flower to make her feel better.”At that, the old man started crying and said, “Thank you so much, you have a wonderful son. Happy Mothers Day to you.”The man then bent down and gave his wife the flower, telling her who it was from. Though badly hurt and shaken, the old lady looked up at Tenyson with love in her eyes and gave him a little smile.1What does the author intend to tell us?AOne can never be too careful.BActions speak louder than words.CLove begins with a little smile.DA small act of kindness brings a great joy.2Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?AThe elderly woman was knocked down by Tenyson.BTenysons idea of buying a flower gained his mothers support.CTenysons care for the elderly woman puzzled the flower seller.DThe elderly woman was moved to tears by Tenysons gesture.3The underlined word “intimidated” in the fourth paragraph probably means “_”Aastonished BstruckCfrightened Dexcited4What would be the best title for the passage?AFlower Power BMothers DayCAn Accidental Injury DAn Embarrassing Moment答案与解析在母亲节这天，儿子为在超市门前摔倒的老妇人买花以使她感觉好点，这个小小的善举让我们体会到爱无处不在。1D目的意图题。本文主要介绍的是儿子细小的善举为老妇人带来了快乐，故选D项。A项“一个人越小心越好”；B项“行动胜过语言”；C项“爱始于微笑”；D项“小小善举能带来快乐”。2B细节理解题。根据第三段“So we went over to the flower seller and asked her if we could buy a flower for the lady to cheer her up.”可知小男孩的举动得到了妈妈的支持。根据第一段第二句可知A项错误；根据第三段最后一句可知C项错误；根据最后一段可知D项错误。3C词义猜测题。根据下文“He said he was just too scared to go up to her.”可知此处intimidated 应是“害怕”，故选C项。4A文章标题题。本文主要介绍的是儿子提议为在超市门前摔倒的老妇人买一束花以便使她心情好起来和这一善举的影响的故事，故最佳标题是A项“花的力量”。B项“母亲节”；C项“意外伤害”；D项“尴尬时刻”均不符合题意。Passage 5(xx山东卷)One morning, Anns neighbor Tracy found a lost dog wandering around the local elementary school. She asked Ann if she could keep an eye on the dog. Ann said that she could watch it only for the day.Tracy took photos of the dog and printed off 400 FOUND fliers(传单), and put them in mailboxes. Meanwhile，Ann went to the dollar store and bought some pet supplies, warning her two sons not to fall in love with the dog. At the time, Anns son Thomas was 10 years old, and Jack，who was recovering from a heart operation，was 21 years old.Four days later Ann was still looking after the dog，whom they had started to call Riley. When she arrived home from work，the dog threw itself against the screen door and barked madly at her. As soon as she opened the door, Riley dashed into the boys room where Ann found Jack suffering a heart attack. Riley ran over to Jack，but as soon as Ann bent over to help him the dog went silent.“If it hadnt e to get me, the doctor said Jack would have died，”Ann reported to a local newspaper. At this point，no one had called to claim the dog, so Ann decided to keep it.The next morning Tracy got a call. A man named Peter recognized his lost dog and called the number on the flier. Tracy started crying, and told him，“That dog saved my friends son.”Peter drove to Anns house to pick up his dog, and saw Thomas and Jack crying in the window. After a few moments Peter said, “Maybe Odie was supposed to find you，maybe you should keep it.”1What did Tracy do after finding the dog?A. She looked for its owner.B. She gave it to Ann as a gift.C. She sold it to the dollar store.D. She bought some food for it.2How did the dog help save Jack?A. By breaking the door for Ann.B. By leading Ann to Jacks room.C. By dragging Jack out of the room.D. By attending Jack when Ann was out.3What was Anns attitude to the dog according to Paragraph 4?A. Sympathetic. B. Doubtful.C. Tolerant. D. Grateful.4For what purpose did Peter call Tracy?A. To help her friends son.B. To interview Tracy.C. To take back his dog.D. To return the flier to her.5What can we infer about the dog from the last paragraph?A. It would be given to Odie.B. It would be kept by Anns family.C. It would be returned to Peter.D. It would be taken away by Tracy.答案与解析本文为记叙文。主要讲述翠西发现一条流浪的小狗，嘱咐安照看一下。有一次小狗救了安的儿子杰克。最终感动了它原来的主人，答应让它留在安家。1A细节理解题。根据文章第一段“She asked Ann if she could keep an eye on the dog.”以及第二段第一句可知，当翠西发现小狗之后，想让安帮忙照看，而她给狗拍照并印发传单投入邮箱，故只有A项正确。2B细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句可知，当安回家时，小狗朝她叫，然后冲到男孩们的房间，在那里安发现杰克的心脏病犯了。3D推理判断题。根据文章第四段安跟当地报纸说如果不是这条狗引导她进入杰克的房间，杰克就没命了。由此可知安对这条狗是怀有感激之情的，故D项正确。4C推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第一句“Peter drove to Anns house to pick up his dog.”可知彼得开车来到安家来认领他的狗。因此C项正确。5B推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“.Peter siad, Maybe Odie was supposed to find you, maybe you should keep it.”可知，彼得最终让这条狗留在了安家。故B项正确。Passage 6(xx重庆卷)I was never very neat, while my roommate Kate was extremely organized. Each of her objects had its place, but mine always hid somewhere. She even labeled (贴标签 ) everything. I always looked for everything. Over time, Kate got nearer and I got messier. She would push my dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. We both got tired of each other.War broke out one evening. Kate came into the room. Soon, I heard her screaming, “Take your shoes away! Why under my bed！” Deafened, I saw my shoes flying at me. I jumped to my feet and started yelling. She yelled back louder.The room was filled with anger. We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a phone call. Kate answered it. From her end of the conversation, I could tell right away her grandma was seriously ill. When she hung up, she quickly crawled (爬) under her covers, sobbing. Obviously, that was something she should not go through alone. All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy rose up in my heart.Slowly, I collected the pencils, took back the books，made my bed, cleaned the socks and swept the floor, even on her side. I got so into my work that I even didnt notice Kate had sat up. She was watching, her tears dried and her expression was one of disbelief. Then, she reached out her hands to grasp mine. I looked up into her eyes. She smiled at me, “Thanks.”Kate and I stayed roommates for the rest of the year. We didnt always agree, but we learned the key to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on.1What made Kate so angry one evening?AShe couldnt find her books.BShe heard the author shouting loud.CShe got the news that her grandma was ill.DShe saw the authors shoes beneath her bed.2The author tidied up the room most probably because _.Ashe was scared by Kates angerBshe hated herself for being so messyCshe wanted to show her careDshe was asked by Kate to do so3How is Paragraph 1 mainly developed?ABy analyzing causes.BBy showing differences.CBy describing a process.DBy following time order.4What might be the best title for the story?AMy Friend KateBHard Work Pays OffCHow to Be OrganizedDLearning to Be Roommates答案与解析作者与室友在生活习惯上有天壤之别，作者特别邋遢，而室友特别整洁有条理，两人生活在一起难免有摩擦。但是偶然发生的一件事让作者明白了友好相处的秘诀。1D细节理解题。根据第二段第三句可知，那天晚上，凯特非常生气，因为作者把鞋了放在了她的床下。2C推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy rose up in my heart.”可推断出，作者主要是想通过收拾房间这种行为表达对凯特的关心。3B细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，该段主要通过对比的方式说明两个人在生活习惯方面的巨大差异。4D主旨大意题。通读全文可知，最后一段最后一句起到了画龙点睛的作用，点明了文章的主旨，即：学会成为室友。Passage 7(xx课标全国卷)Arriving in Sydney on his own from India, my husband, Rashid, stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children.During the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some shopping. He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone. He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers, including his passport.He reported the case to the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in a strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one.Late in the evening, the phone rang. It was a stranger. He was trying to pronounce my husbands name and was asking him a lot of questions. Then he said they had found a pile of papers in their trash can(垃圾桶)that had been left out on the footpath.My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents. Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers. Her parents had carefully sorted them out, although they had found mainly foreign addresses on most of the documents. At last they had seen a halfwritten letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend.That family not only restored the important documents to us that day but also restored our faith and trust in people. We still remember their kindness and often send a warm wish their way.1What did Rashid plan to do after his arrival in Sydney?AGo shopping. BFind a house.CJoin his family. DTake a vacation.2The girls parents got Rashids phone number from _.Aa friend of his family Ba Sydney policemanCa letter in his papers Da stranger in Sydney3What does the underlined word “restored” in the last paragraph mean?AShowed. BSent out.CDelivered. DGave back.4Which of the following can be the best title for the text?AFrom India to AustraliaBLiving in a New CountryCTurning Trash to TreasureDIn Search of New Friends答案与解析“我”丈夫到达悉尼之后，把他的重要文件和护照丢了，就在他陷入绝望的时候，一个陌生人打来电话并把他女儿在垃圾桶捡到的文件完好无损地归还给他。1B细节理解题。从第一段中的“.looking for a house for me and our children.”可知，Rashid 到了悉尼之后，计划为家人寻找一座房子。2C细节理解题。从倒数第二段最后一句可知，女孩的父母是从文件的一封信中找到了Rashid 的电话号码。3D