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课题名称形容词和副词（一）教学目标同步教学知识内容形容词和副词： 1、形容词及其用法；2、 以-ly结尾的形容词；3、 3、用形容词表示类别和整体个性化学习问题解决形容词、副词的比较级教学重点1、形容词及其用法；以-ly结尾的形容词；用形容词表示类别和整体2、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级教学难点形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的变形教学内容 形容词和副词一、形容词及其用法形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常，可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类，其位置不一定都放在名词前面。一般形容词1)直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词，它有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如：hot 热的。2) 叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如：afraid 害怕的。（错）He is an ill man.（对）The man is ill.（错）She is an afraid girl.（对）The girl is afraid.这类词还有： well，unwell，ill，faint，afraid，alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake 等3） 形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时，要放在这些词之后，例如： something nice 以-ly结尾的形容词1） 大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，仍为形容词。改错：(错） She sang lovely. （错） He spoke to me very friendly. （对） Her singing was lovely. （对） He spoke to me in a very friendly way.2）有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词，也为副词。 daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily.二、 用形容词表示类别和整体构成法原级比较级最高级单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。tall(高的)taller tallestgreat(伟大的)greatergreatest以不发音的e结尾的单音词和少数以- le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-stnice(好的)nicernicestlarge(大的)largerlargestable（有能力的)ablerablest以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er，-estbig(大的)biggerbiggesthot(热的)hotterhottest以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-er，-esteasy(容易的)easiereasiestbusy(忙的)busierbusiest少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词未尾加-er，-est其他双音节词和多音节词，在前多音节词，在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级clever(聪明的)cleverercleverestnarrow(窄的)narrowernarrowestimportant(重要的)more importantmost importanteasily(容易地)more easilymost easily1） 某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人，与谓语动词的复数连接。如：the dead，the living，the rich，the poor，the blind，the hungryThe poor are losing hope.2） 有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体，与动词的复数连用。the British，the English，the French，the Chinese. The English have wonderful sense of humor.三、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级变化规则大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。1) 规则变化 2) 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good(好的)/ well(健康的) better best bad (坏的)/ ill(有病的) worse worst old (老的) older/elder oldest/eldest much/many(多的) more most little(少的) less least far (远的) farther/further farthest/furthest四、课后练习一 选出正确的选项1.Its surprising that _ little children could do _ much work. A. such; so B. so; such C. such; such D. so; so2.How _ the song sounds! A. pleasure B. pleased C. pleasant D. pleasantly3.They dug _ into the earth, hoping to find something of _. A. deep; value B. deeply; value C. deep; valuable D. deeply; valuable4.John was so sleepy that he could not keep his eyes _. A. open B. opened C. to open D. opening5.Its not _ whether hell return the book to me soon. A. certain B. certainly C. sure D. surely6.The people there were _ young students between the ages of 13 and 15. A. most B. much C. mostly D. at most7.We can do the work with _ money and _ people. A. less; few B. less; fewer C. little; less D. fewer; less8.What a _ day we are having today! A. lovely B. likely C. lively D. interestingly9.He is said to be the best-known musician _. A. alive B. living C. live D. lively10.Open your mouth _ and say “Ah”. A. wide B. widely C. more wide D. larger11These oranges taste_.A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well二 写出下列形容词或副词的比较级 old_ young_ tall_ long_ short_strong_ big_ small_ fat_thin_ heavy_ light_ nice_ good_ beautiful_ low_ high_ slow_ fast_ late_ early_ far_well_三 根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1. My brother is two years _(old)than me.2. Tom is as _(fat) as Jim.3. Is your sister _(young) than you? Yes,she is.4. Who is _(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.5. Whose pencil-box is _(big),yours or hers? Hers is.6. Marys hair is as _(long) as Lucys.7.Ben _ (jump) _ (high) than some of the boys in his class.8._ Nancy sing _ (well) than Helen? Yes, she _.9.Fangfang is not as _ (tall) as the other girls.10.My eyes are _(big) than _ (she).11.Which is _(heavy),the elephant or the pig?12.Who gets up _(early),Tim or Tom?13._the girls get up_(early) than the boys?No,they_.14. Jim runs _(slow). But Ben runs _(slow). 8 / 8
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