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111课时作业(三十二)选修7Unit 2Robots限时：45分钟 .语法填空 Tips to enlarge your vocabularyFirstly, learn in your real life. 1._ you put your heart into it, you can learn new words everywhere(packets, ads, movies, etc.)Secondly, classify the words. It is easier for you to remember and practice them if you put the words 2._ groups.Thirdly, create or just imagine a proper situation 3._ (practise). The best way to learn and remember new words is 4._ (use) them either by speaking or by writing.Then, learn synonyms(同义词) and antonyms(反义词) of new words. For the words which have similar 5._ opposite meanings, pay attention to the 6._ (different) of their usage. Next, learn prefixes(前缀) and roots. You have to find these rules by remembering. The more words you learn, the 7._ (easy) it becomes.In addition, have a vocabulary notebook. When you learn a new word, add 8._ to your notebook, and make up a sentence to help you remember. And run over frequently. Finally, read more. Reading can help you guess the meanings of the words and enlarge 9._ vocabulary. If you have 10._ good habit of reading, your English is sure to get ahead. .阅读理解AWASHINGTONIts a great achievement that inspires notions (观念) of robots with consciousness and independent minds.When people or animals get hurt, they can usually compensate for minor injuries and keep limping along, but for robots, even slight damage can make them stumble and fall. However, a recentlymade robot has demonstrated a novel ability: it can heal its own damage.The new robot, which looks like a splaylegged, fourfooted starfish, can sense injury to itself and adapt. That ability sets the new robot apart from earlier machines. Because the robot can recover from unfamiliar places. “There is a need for planetary robotic rovers (漫游者) to be able to fix things on their own，” says Josh Bongard, a professor in the University of Vermont, who is one of the devices creators. “Robots on other planets must be able to continue their mission without human help if they are damaged and cannot communicate their problem back to earth.”A typical robot functions according to a computer program, but the new robot works differently. First, sensors in its four legs observe the robots movements and signals to its builtin computer. From the information it collects, the robot creates its own programs that allow it to adapt to different situations. For example, when the researchers shortened one of the robots legs, the smart machine simply adjusted its way of walkingit used three legs instead of four.The researchers are looking for other places to put the resilient robot to work. One pellicle spot is the ocean floor. That dark and dangerous undersea place might be a good choice for a robot the scientists call the Starfish. “We never officially named the robot, but we usually refer to it as the Starfish, even though a real starfish has five rather than four legs，” says Bongard. “Also, a real starfish is much better than our robot at recovering from injury, because it can actually grow its legs again.” Scientists have created robots that help humans in many ways: by exploring space, fighting fires, and even performing surgery.11The newlydesigned robot distinguishes itself from the former ones because it_.Acan communicate with people on the earth about their problemsBworks according to a certain computer programCcan find its problems and solve them automaticallyDcan explore unfamiliar places12An example is given in the fourth paragraph in order to explain that the robot _.Ais used to create new programsBhas typical robot functionsChas sensors to observe its movementsDcan gather information and adapt to new conditions13The underlined word “resilient” in the last paragraph means the robot is_.Acreative BnewlymadeCable to recover Dinformative14Which of the following is true about the robot “Starfish”？AIt was spoken highly of by people for its special ability. BIt will stumble and fall if damaged.CIt can grow its legs again once they are broken.DIt has started to work on the ocean floor.15What might be the best title of the passage?AHow does the Starfish robot workBDoItYourself robots repairCRobots designed to work on other planetsDNew robots helping us in many waysB2011天津卷 In the fall of 1985，I was a brighteyed girl heading off to Howard University, aiming at a legal career and dreaming of sitting on a Supreme Court bench somewhere. Twentyone years later I am still a brighteyed dreamer and one with quite a different tale to tell. My grandma, an amazing woman, graduated from college at the age of 65. She was the first in our family to reach that goal. But one year after I started college, she developed cancer. I made the choice to withdraw from college to care for her. It meant that school and my personal dream would have to wait. Then I got married with another dream: building my family with a combination of adopted and biological children. In 1999, we adopted our first son. To lay eyes on him was fantasticand very emotional. A year later came our second adopted boy. Then followed son No. 3. In 2003, I gave birth to another boy. You can imagine how fully occupied I became, raising four boys under the age of 8! Our home was a complete zooa joyous zoo. Not surprising, I never did make it back to college fulltime. But I never gave up on the dream either. I had only one choice: to find a way. That meant taking as few as one class each semester. The hardest part was feeling guilty about the time I spent away from the boys. They often wanted me to stay home with them. There certainly were times I wanted to quit, but I knew I should set an example for them to follow through the rest of their lives.In 2007, I graduated from the University of North Carolina. It took me over 21 years to get my college degree!I am not special, just singleminded. It always struck me that when youre looking at a big challenge from the outside it looks huge, but when youre in the midst of it, it just seems normal. Everything you want wont arrive in your life on one day. Its a process. Remember：little steps add up to big dreams.16. When the author went to Howard University, her dream was to be_.Aa writer Ba teacherCa judge Da doctor17. Why did the author quit school in her second year of college?AShe wanted to study by herself.BShe fell in love and got married.CShe suffered from a serious illness.DShe decided to look after her grandma. 18What can we learn about the author from Paragraphs 4 and 5?AShe was busy yet happy with her family life.BShe ignored her guilty feeling for her sons.CShe wanted to remain a fulltime housewife.DShe was too confused to make a correct choice.19What does the author mostly want to tell us in the last paragraph?AFailure is the mother of success.BLittle by little，one goes far.CEvery coin has two sides.DWell begun，half done.20Which of the following can best describe the author?ACaring and determined.BHonest and responsible.CAmbitious and sensitive.DInnocent and singleminded.基础写作某环保组织来你所在的城市了解城市垃圾处理问题。假如你是李华，请代表市民谈谈你对城市垃圾处理这一问题的看法以及你所在的城市是如何进行垃圾处理的。写作内容1处理城市垃圾是一个非常重要的问题；2垃圾不但会污染空气、水和我们居住的地方，而且还会危害人们的健康；3政府已经制定了规章，禁止垃圾污染环境；4处理措施：分类，回收利用，掩埋，污水净化；5你的看法。写作要求1只能使用5个句子表达全部内容。2文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。评分标准句子结构标准，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。_答案课时作业(三十二).1.If此句前半句是条件。如果你用心，就可以在任何地方学到新单词。2into与classify照应，putinto groups也表“分类”。3to practiseto practise作状语，表目的。4to use5orsimilar 与opposite构成反义词。6difference(s)the difference(s)作前面pay attention to的宾语。7easier“the比较级， the 比较级”是固定搭配，表示“越越”。8itit 指前面所说的a new word。9yourenlarge your vocabulary意为“扩大你的词汇量”。10a此句意思为“如果你有一个好的阅读习惯，你的英语肯定会有进步”。.A文章向我们介绍了一种新型的机器人，它能在身体受损的情况下进行自我调节、自我修复。11C细节理解题。由第三段的can sense injury to itself and adapt可知，这台机器人能够自己发现问题，并进行自动修复。12D细节理解题。由该段的From the information it collects, the robot creates its own programs that allow it to adapt to different situations.可知，随后所举的例子就是为了说明其能够搜集信息、适应新的环境变化。13C词义猜测题。下文把这种类型的机器人比作starfish，并把它的性能和真正的starfish进行了比较：a real starfish is much better than our robot at recovering from injury，由此可以得出答案。14A细节判断题。用排除法。最后一段告诉我们，机器人不能和真的海星(starfish)一样长出新腿，故排除C；由最后一段前三句话可知：科学家正在寻找地方来试验这种机器人，也就是说还没有在海底使用，所以D项错误；由倒数第二段的最后一句话可以看出，这种机器人具有自我修复功能，即使是在一条腿受损的情况下，用三条腿也能走路，故B项错误。15B标题归纳题。文章向我们介绍了最近研发出来的一款智能机器人，其独特之处在于能够在部件损坏的情况下进行自我诊断、自我修复。由此可以看出B项最能概括全文。B作者为了照顾自己的奶奶，不得不放弃了继续在哈佛大学深造的机会。在忙碌的生活中，作者依然坚守着自己当初上大学的梦想，用21年的时间获得了大学学位。16C考查细节理解。由第一段的aiming at a legal career and dreaming of sitting on a Supreme Court bench somewhere可以看出，作者当初上哈佛大学的目的是：学法律、当法官。由此可以确定答案。17D考查细节理解。第二段告诉我们，作者的奶奶得了癌症，作者withdraw from college to care for her，即：退学照顾奶奶。18A考查推理判断。第四段告诉我们作者很忙碌(how fully occupied I became)，第5段wanted me to stay home with them这一情景告诉我们作者很幸福。19B考查推理判断。文章最后一段告诉我们：任何东西的获得不是一天而成的，而是一个漫长的过程。最后一句话做了进一步的总结：little steps add up to big dreams。这一意思和B 项中的“千里之行，始于足下”正好相符。20A考查推理判断。作者有一个梦想，但在离梦想越来越近的时候，她选择了退学照顾自己生病的奶奶，同时她还收养了孩子，这都表明她很有爱心(caring)。与此同时，她在忙碌中没有忘记自己的梦想，用21年的时间获得了大学学位，由此可以看出作者意志很坚定(determined)。 .One possible version：As is known to all, it is very important to deal with the rubbish in cities. Rubbish may not only pollute the air, the water and the places we live in, but also do harm to peoples health. Therefore, a series of laws and rules have been taken by the city government to prevent rubbish from polluting the environment. In our city, rubbish is sorted, recycled or buried and the waste water is cleaned before it goes into the river to make sure that it is safe. As for me, I think it is the responsibility of all citizens to prevent rubbish pollution so as to save our city and our living place.111
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