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111Unit4 Attitudes towards Our Elders 例题解析.词汇解读1.invite vt.邀请（invitation n.请帖或请函）常见短语：invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事invite sb. to a place邀请某人去某处invitation to sb./a place给某人或到某处的请函如：He often invites me to have dinner together.Where do you invite me to？To the Summer Palace.【案例】I wont go to her birthday party though _.A.invitedB.being invitedC.am invitedD.will be invited解析：这里是though引导的让步状语从句的省略，省去了I am。C项缺主语。B、D两项含义与形式不对。答案：A点评：注意词的搭配。被动形式及省略句的用法。2.celebrate vt.庆祝 （celebration n.庆贺）同义词：congratulate （congratulation）祝贺。如：Ill go to your party to celebrate your birthday tomorrow.Ill congratulate you on your success in passing the state examination next year.【案例】They built a high power to _their victory.A.celebratedB.celebrateC.congratulateD.congratulated解析：celebrate意为“庆祝,庆贺”，常与victory,birthday,Christmas等连用。此处用不定式（动词原形）表目的。congratulate意为“祝贺”，常用短语为congratulate sb.on sth.,祝贺某人成功,考试过关等。答案：B点评：注意词义搭配上的不同。3.punish vt.惩罚（punishment n.）【案例】The boss often took his temper and _ his employees _nothing.A.punish;becauseB.punishes;forC.punished;forD.punished;with解析：punish sb.for sth.为固定搭配，意为“因为某事而惩罚某人”。答案：C点评：注意动词与介词或副词的常见搭配。4.prove v.（proof n.）证明【案例】What he said _ reasonable.A.proveB.is provedC.provingD.has proved解析：prove可作为连系动词用，后跟形容词作表语，用主动语态，意为“证明是”。本句意思是“他的话已经证明是合情合理的”。prove亦可作实义动词，用于被动语态。如：His theory has been proved by facts.It is proved that the earth moves round the sun.答案：D.句型剖析1.Even though she needs lots of help with daily things like washing and getting dressed,she can still do many things.尽管在日常生活中她需要很多帮助，如洗衣、穿戴，但她仍可以做很多事情。get dressed in意为“穿衣服”。【案例】Do you know the young girl _ red?A.put onB.wearing onC.dressed inD.is in解析：dressed in red是过去分词作定语，相当于who is （gets） dressed in red。答案：C点评：注意同义词在含义及用法上的不同。2.Mary was angry that her parents wouldnt invite Grandma to live with them.玛丽因她父母不愿意让祖母与他们一块生活而生气。invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事【案例】I received her invitation _ me which invited my family _ a dinner,but I didnt accept it.A.of;to haveB.to;toC.for;to haveD.to;having解析：invitation与to搭配，invite sb. to（do） sth.是固定搭配，意为“邀请某人去（做）”。答案：B3.Mary had fond memories of her grandmother and didnt believe that she was that ill.祖母给玛丽留下了那么多美好的印象，以致于她不相信她会病成那样子。that adv.意为“那么”（=so）。【案例】Can hard work change a person _ much?A.thatB.suchC.asD.too解析：that在这里为副词，意为“那么，如此”，that much相当于so much。答案：A点评：注意一词多义、多词性现象。4.There are so many recreation activities available for her there.I think she would be very happy.那里（养老院里）有那么多娱乐活动。我相信在那里她会生活得很幸福。（be） available for可供所用（得）的。【案例】Weve think of what is best _ her and what is available _ her.A.to;toB.to;forC.for;toD.for;for解析：be good （better,best）for“适合于”；be available for“可供所用（得）的”。答案：D点评：注意动词、名词或形容词与不同介词的搭配及其含义。5.Mary was so confused and filled with emotion that she found it hard to speak.玛丽情绪那么激动，连话都说不出来了。be confused with意为“对感到混乱，糊涂；弄不清”。be filled with意为“充满”（=be full of）。【案例】I was _ with what he said and my heart was _ with contradictions.A.pleased;filledB.confused;filledC.surprised;coveredD.stressed;taken up解析：be confused with对感到困惑，be filled with充满答案：B点评：注意结构相似的词的不同意义。6.Would you believe that we are all,in a way,related?你相信在某种意义上我们都有血缘关系吗？in a way在某意义上，在某一点上（=in a sense）be related （to）与有关【案例】While all the nations have different colours and customs,they are related _ each other as brothers and sisters _ a way.A.to;inB.with;onC.to;byD.with;for解析：be related to是固定搭配，意为“与相关”；in a way在某种意义上，在某一点上。答案：A点评：注意一些常见习语的搭配及其意义。7.【案例】The Chinese people always show respect to elders,which as old customs are _ from our ancestors and are _ from generation to generation.A.handed down;passed byB.in herited down;passed onC.passed on;handed overD.inherited;passed on 解析：inherit sth.from意为“从继承”，其被动形式为be inherited from；pass on.to.意为“把传递给”，被动形式为be passed on to；hand down传递；hand over上交；pass by经过。答案：D点评：注意意义相近词组的搭配和用法。8.“Ill go out with you again,but only if you let me invite you,”she said.她说：“我会再和你出去吃饭的，但只有我邀请你才行。”only if “只有在条件下”，only加强if从句的语气。【案例】_ you agree with what we want,can we stop striking and begin to work again.A.Only ifB.If onlyC.On this conditionD.Whenever解析：only if意为“只有在条件下”，用于句首时，主句要倒装。if only意为“要是多好”，常用来表示比较强烈的愿望。on this condition是介词短语，不能引导句子，改为on condition that方可引导句子，但应置于句首，且主句不倒装。答案：A点评：注意一些搭配的含义和用法特点。.语法指南1.Ill be away on a business trip.Would you mind looking after my cat?Not at all._.A.I have no timeB.Id rather notC.Id like itD.Id be happy to解析：这是不定式的省略（look after your cat）。答案：D点评：不定式的省略常只保留“to”。2.My grandfather used to be a doctor while my grandmother _.A.a housewifeB.as a housewifeC.used to housewifeD.is a housewife解析：这是谓语动词的省略（used to be）。答案：A点评：为避免重复，在意思清楚的前提下可省略与前文相同的部分。3.How many poor countries will be in our province by 2010?There will be only a few,if _. A.muchB.someC.anyD.many解析：if条件句常省略一些成分，只保留关键词（if there are any poor countries）。答案：C点评：any用于疑问句、否定句或条件句，以加强语气。4.Should I look up each word I dont understand?No,turn to your dictionary only when _.A.you are necessaryB.you needC.necessaryD.you are needed解析：在if,when,where引导的状语从句中，如果为it is necessary （possible）,常把it is省略，只保留表语部分。答案：C点评：此类为it is省略，省略后，句意仍清楚。5._ for the free tickets,I would not have gone to the films so often.A.If it is notB.Were it notC.Had it not beenD.If they were not解析：在虚拟条件句中，如果有had,were,should，可把它们置于句首省略if。答案：C点评：虚拟条件句省略if，引导的从句需倒装。111
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