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Unit14Careers,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,1.incomen.收入2.rewardn.奖赏vt.奖赏;奖励3.chargevt.控告,指控;给充电vi.要价,充电n.责任;指控4.summaryn.摘要,总结summarizevt.总结;概述5.guidancen.指导guidevt.指导;带领n.导游6.receiptn.收据,收条prehensionn.理解comprehendvt.理解,领悟;包括comprehensiveadj.全面的,广泛的;综合的;理解的,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,8.consultvt.请教;查阅vi.商议,商量consultationn.咨询,请教consultantn.顾问,咨询者9.casualadj.随意的,非正式的10.quarrelvi.紧急的14.surroundingadj.附近的,周围的surroundvt.包围,环绕,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,15.overcomevt.战胜;克服overcame(过去式)overcome(过去分词)16.graspvt.经常的20.beneathadv.在底下prep.在的下方,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,21.hesitatevt.处理vi.靠近,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,1.rewardsb.forsth.因某事奖励某人2.chargesb.somemoneyforsth.因某事向某人要钱3.inchargeof负责;掌管4.undertheguidanceof在的指导下5.takechargeof接管,控制6.quarrelwithsb.about/on/oversth.因某事与某人争吵7.turnup调大;出现;好转8.makeup编造;弥补;化妆9.makeout假装;理解;辨认出;填写10.gointodetail(s)讨论,细谈11.speakup大声地说,自由而大胆地说出12.situp坐直;熬夜13.theinstant一就,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,14.turnover翻转15.payoff付清;取得成功16.hesitatetodosth.犹豫不决做某事17.keepupwith跟上,赶上18.incase以防万一;万一19.dueto由于20.inaddition此外21.ratherthan而不是;宁愿,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,1.她一停止发问,我就站了起来,离开了面试室。Theinstantshestoppedaskingquestions,Igotupandwentoutoftheroom.2.我从来没想过从事电视工作,因为直至上初中我家才有了一台电视机。IneverthoughtaboutgoingonTVbecausemyfamilydidntevenhaveoneuntilIwasinjuniorhighschool!3.她说她选择成为记者是因为人们关注周围发生的事情很重要。Shesaidshechosetobeajournalistbecauseitisimportantthatpeoplegraspwhatisgoingonaroundthem.4.我发现,只要我有献身精神并决不放弃,就能写出高质量的报道。IdiscoveredthenthatsolongasIamcommittedandnevergiveupIwillbeabletoproducehighqualityreports.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,5.目前全世界有超过一亿台电脑。到2020年,这个数字将增加10倍。Therearecurrentlyover100,000,000computersintheworldandby2020therewillbe10timesmore.,TheroadtosuccessWangJunyan,thepresenterforUniverseTVsnewsprograms,hadneverdreamedofbecomingafamouspersononTVwhenshewasachild.When1.asked(ask)thekeytosuccess,shesaidthatbeingcurious,workinghardandbelievingin2.whatwastruemadeherthesuccesssheistoday.Hermotherhadgreatinfluence3.on/uponher.Shetaughthertobecuriousabouteverything,fromplantstoinsectsandhelpedherovercome4.difficulties(difficult)inlife.Aftergraduatingfromuniversity,WangJunyanbecameareporterforalocalnewspaper.Thereason5.whyshechosetobeajournalistwasthatitisimportantforpeople6.tograsp(grasp)whatisgoingonaroundthem.Sheworked7.extremely(extreme)hard,whichpaidoff.Shewonanawardforareport.Shediscoveredthataslongasshe8.wascommitted(commit)andnevergaveup,shewouldbeabletoproducehighqualityreports.In9.heropinion,althoughtherewasntmuch10.glory(glorious)inareportersexistence,shefounditinterestingandchallenging.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,chargevt.控告,指控;给充电vi.要价;充电n.费用;责任Lawyerschargehigherfeesthandoctors.律师比医生收费高。(教材原句P21)常见用法1.incharge主管,领导;负责inchargeofsb./sth.掌管某人/负责某事(主语多是人,sb.beinchargeofsb./sth.)inthechargeofsb.=inonescharge由某人负责(主语多是物,sth.beinonescharge/inthechargeofsb.)takechargeof控制,掌管freeofcharge免费地makeachargeagainstsb.指控某人2.chargesb.somemoneyforsth.因为某事向某人收取钱chargesb.withsth.因为某事而指控某人,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,Heisinchargeoftheschoolwork.他负责学校工作。Theprojectisinthechargeofanexperiencedengineer.一位有经验的工程师负责这项工程。Chargetendollarsforahaircut.理一次发要价10美元。Thepolicechargedhimwithcartheft.警方以偷车罪指控他。Criticschargedthewriterwithalackoforiginality.评论家指责这位作家缺少独创性。特别提醒charge表示“收(费)”时,通常与介词for连用,构成短语chargesb.forsth.;而表示“指控”时,通常与介词with连用,构成chargesb.withsth.。Hechargedme100dollarsforthiscoat.这件外套他要我一百美元。Thedriverwaschargedwithspeeding.司机被控诉超速驾驶。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,词义辨析1.charge用作动词时,主语是人,而不能是物,意思是“要价”。Hechargedtwodollarsforhalfadozeneggs.半打鸡蛋他要价两美元。Howmuchdoyouchargeformendingapairofshoes?你补一双鞋要多少钱?2.cost用作动词时,主语必须是物或各种服务事项,而不能是人。其宾语应当是钱、劳力、生命等。Thehousecosthim$30,000.买这所房子花了他三万美元。Compilingadictionarycostsmuchtimeandlabor.编辑字典很费时间和劳力。3.pay用作动词时,主语是人,意思是“支付”,宾语可以是人也可以是物。Hepaidtenyuanforthebook.他花了10元钱买这本书。Youhavetopayforwhatyoudid.你得为自己所做的一切付出代价。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用单句改错1.Allthechildreninchargeofthenursearetakengoodcareof.(在in后加the)2.Anewmanagerwillcometotakethechargeofthiscompany,whichwasinthechargeofMrWang.(删除第一个the),重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,consultvi.商议,商量vt.咨询,请教;查阅HeshouldconsultMrJensenaboutthenewaccountonthe24th.他应该在24日就新账户请示一下Jensen先生。(教材原句P23)常见用法consultsb.aboutsth.向某人请教/咨询某事consultwithsb.aboutsth.与某人协商某事consultadictionary查字典Consultyourdoctorabouthowmuchexerciseyoushouldattempt.咨询一下医生你需要多大的运动量。Afterconsultingwithherdaughterandmanagershedecidedtotakeonthepart,onherterms.与女儿兼经纪人商量之后,她决定出演这一角色,不过要按照她开出的条件。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,Ifyouhavenoideaaboutit,consultadictionary,please.要是你对这个问题不清楚,查一下字典吧。特别提醒查字典的几种表达方式:consulta/thedictionaryrefertoa/thedictionarylookupsth.ina/thedictionary,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用1.句型转换Ihavetolookupthiswordinadictionary.Ihavetoconsult/refertoadictionaryforthisword.2.用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空Whenconsulted(consult)abouthowtochooseapropercarforpersonaluse,headvisedmetoaskMrLi.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,existencen.存在;生活.althoughtherewasntmuchgloryinareportersexistence,shefounditinterestingandchallenging.尽管记者这份工作并不十分光鲜,但是她觉得它既有趣又有挑战性。(教材原句P26)常见用法existon(=liveon)靠为生existas作为而存在;以形态存在existin(=liein)存在于之中Thereexist(s).有/存在,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,Thehostagesexistedonbreadandwaterforover5months.人质靠面包和水生存了5个多月。Theydonotusuallyexistasphysicalfiles.它们通常不是作为物理文件存在。Weexistinspace.我们存在于空间中。Thereexistdifferentopinionsonthisquestion.关于这个问题有不同的观点。拓展延伸existencen.存在inexistence现存的,现有的comeintoexistence产生;成立;开始存在bringintoexistence使发生;使产生Nowadays,therearestillmanypeoplewonderingwhentheearthcameintoexistence.现在仍有很多人想知道,地球是何时产生的。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,特别提醒exist没有被动语态,也不能用于进行时态。现学活用单句填空1.Theycantexistonthemoneyhesearning.2.Ithasbeeninexistence(exist)formorethan500years.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,beneathprep.在的下方;低于adv.在下面;在底下TodaywhenImlookingforstories,IstillfeellikeImturningoverstonestoseewhatmightbehidingbeneath!如今,当我在寻找新闻素材时,我还常常觉得自己好像是在搬起那块石头,去看看下面藏着什么东西!(教材原句P26)Hercarefulmake-uphidthesignsofagebeneath.她精致的妆容掩饰了岁月留下的痕迹。Hercheeksgrewhotbeneaththelookofsomanyeyes.在众目睽睽之下,她脸红了。词义辨析beneath,below与under均可表示位置,意为“在下面”。1.beneath为书面用词,指“紧挨之下”,其反义词是on。2.below指位置低于某物或在某物下方,但不一定在正下方,所指范围较宽。3.under为普通用词,与over相对,指在某物的正下方,含垂直在下的意思。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用用beneath,below或under填空1.Ourboatwentfastunderthebridge.2.Ontheshelfbeneath,hesawthebookwhichhehadbeenlookingfor.3.Heisbelowtheaverageinhisclass.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,hesitatevi.犹豫,踌躇Shehesitatedandthentoldmethattheyearbeforeshehadbrokenherwristandthatthepreviousmonthshehadtwistedherankle.她犹豫了一下才告诉我,前一年她摔伤了手腕,上个月她扭伤了脚踝。(教材原句P27)常见用法hesitatetodosth.迟疑做某事;不愿做某事hesitateabout/in/at/over(doing)sth.对(做)某事犹豫不决Ifyouneedanyhelp,donthesitatetocallus.如果你有任何需要,随时电话联系我们。Donthesitateaboutthat.Doitatonce.对于那件事不要再犹豫了。马上去做吧。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸hesitationn.踌躇,犹豫withouthesitation毫不犹豫地havenohesitationindoingsth.毫不犹豫地做某事Thegreatmajorityofplayerswould,ofcourse,signthecontractwithouthesitation.当然大多数运动员会毫不犹豫地签合同。现学活用完成句子1.我们随时为您服务,如果您还有问题的话,请随时向我们求助。Weareatyourservice.Donthesitatetoturntousifyouhaveanyfurtherproblems.2.我会毫不犹豫地拒绝这个职位。Iwouldhavenohesitationindecliningtheposition.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,decreasevi.令人烦恼的事或人Englishwillprobablyremaintheinternationalbusinesslanguage,sodontbotherlearningRussianorSpanish.英语可能仍将是国际性的商业用语,因此不必自找麻烦去学俄语或西班牙语。(教材原句P28)常见用法bothersb.with/aboutsth.为某事打扰或麻烦某人botherabout/withsth.为某事烦恼bothertodo/doingsth.操心做某事Itbotherssb.that.使某人苦恼的是Itbotherssb.todosth.做某事使某人苦恼,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,Theproblemhasbeenbotheringmeforweeks.那个问题已经困扰我几个星期了。Itbothersmethathecanbesoinsensitive.他这样麻木不仁,我心里很不痛快。现学活用单句填空1.Hey,ifyoucantenjoythatatasensiblevolume,pleaseusetheearphone.Imstudying.Oh,Imsorry.Ididntrealizeitwasbothering(bother)you.2.Imverysorrytohavebotheredyouwithsomanyquestionsonsuchanoccasion.3.Aroundtwooclockeverynight,Suewillstarttalkinginherdream.Itsomewhatbothers(bother)us.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,approachvt.接近,走近,靠近vi.临近n.方法,方式,途径Thejobmarkethaschangedandourapproachtofindingworkmustchangeaswell.就业市场发生了改变,我们的求职方式也必须随之而变。(教材原句P32)常见用法1.approachsb.for/aboutsth.就某事与某人商量/交涉beapproaching正在/将要接近approachto接近,近似2.ontheapproachof.在快到的时候makeapproachestosb.设法接近某人approachto(doing)sth.(做)某事的方法,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,Heapproachedmeaboutcreatinganddesigningtherestaurant.他来找我创办并设计那家餐馆。Wewillexploredifferentapproachestogatheringinformation.我们将探索收集信息的不同方法。词义辨析1.approach指从事某事的特别方法、途径。2.method指有系统、有条理地办事或解决问题的方法。3.way为普通用词,可指一般的方法,有时也指个人的方法或方式,也可指特殊的方式或方法。4.means指为达到某种目的或目标而采用的方法、手段或途径。5.manner多指行动的特殊方式或独特的方法。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用用approach的相关用法完成句子1.石油价格已接近10年来的最高水平了。Oilpriceshavebeenapproachingtheirhighestlevelforalmosttenyears.2.他处理这个问题的方法是错误的。Hisapproachestotheproblemarewrong.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,turnup调大(音量);出现Turnupattheinterviewacoupleofminutesearly.早几分钟到达面试现场。(教材原句P24)拓展延伸1.turndown调小(音量);拒绝turnto转向;求助于turninto(使)变成;翻译成turnoff/on关上/打开(收音机、电灯等)turnover翻转;移交turnout在场;露面;出席;生产;赶走turnouttobe原来是,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,2.takeaturn轮到,想到taketurns轮流做byturns轮流地inturn逐个地inonesturn轮到某人Turnthelightdown,oritwillhurtyoureyes.把灯调暗点,不然会伤害你的眼睛。Hesaidhewasadoctor;butlaterheturnedouttobeacheat.他自称是个医生,结果证明他是个骗子。Thethreementookturnsdrivingsoonewouldnotbetootired.那三个人轮流开车,这样谁也不会太累。Theteacherspoketoeachofhispupilsinturn.教师分别与每个学生谈话。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用用适当的介词或副词填空1.Hewasdisappointedtofindhissuggestionsturneddown.2.IalwaysturntomybestfriendforhelpwheneverImintrouble.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,makeout假称,声称;(勉强地)辨认出,看出,听出;理解;填写Makeoutyouunderstandsomethingwhenyoudont!当你不懂时装懂。(教材原句P24)Shethoughtsheheardaname.Shecouldntmakeitout,though.她觉得听到了一个名字,却又没听清。ThepoemissocomplicatedthatIcannotmakeoutitsmeaning.这首诗太复杂,我理解不了它的意思。词义辨析1.makeout通常指通过人的感觉器官来辨别事物。2.identify指辨别、确定人的身份或物品的归属等。3.recognize指所辨认的人或物多是以前所熟悉的。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用1.句型转换Hemadeoutthathedidntknowmeattheparty.Hepretendedthathedidntknowmeattheparty.2.用适当的副词填空Canyoumakeoutwhattheteacherwroteontheblackboard?,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,payoff偿清,还清(债务);(付清工资后)解雇;得到回报Thispaidoffbecauseshewonanawardforthereport.她的坚持得到了回报,因为她的那篇报道获奖了。(教材原句P26)Theeffortisstartingtopayoff.这一努力正在见效。Itsagoodfeelingtopayoffthehouseafteralltheseyears.经过这么多年,终于付清了购买房屋的贷款,这感觉真好。拓展延伸payback偿还payfor.支付的费用;付出代价;遭受惩罚Imustremembertopayyoubackfortheconcerttickets.我得记着要把买音乐会的票钱还给你。Illpayforher,andyoullpayyourself.我替她付账,你自己付款。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用用pay的相关短语的适当形式填空1.TheathletesyearsofhardtrainingpaidoffwhenshefinallywontheOlympicgoldmedal.2.Hehadtoworkpart-timesoastopayforhiseducation.3.ThatIcanpaybackthehelppeoplegivememakesmehappy.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,incase假如,假使;免得,以防万一Workwithmorethanoneprogramincaseyouhavetousethematwork,andtrytoreadaboutnewtechnology.学习几种软件以备工作之需,并努力了解新技术。(教材原句P28)常见用法incase引导目的状语从句时,意为“以免,以备,以防”;引导条件状语从句时,意为“如果,万一”。作副词短语时,常置于句末,表示事先准备或预防的措施,意为“以防万一”。incaseof是介词短语,后接名词、动名词等。意为“万一;如果发生”。Hetakesatorchincaseitgetsdarkbeforehereturns.他带了手电筒,以备天黑以后回家之用。Incasewefail,wewontloseheart.万一我们失败,我们决不会失去信心。Takeanumbrellawithyoujustincase.带把伞去,以防万一下雨。Incaseofdifficulty,youcanreachmeatthisnumber.如果有困难,你可以拨这个电话号码找我。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,拓展延伸inthis/thatcase既然这样/那样innocase绝不(放句首时,主句倒装)inanycase无论如何,不管怎样Itisoftenthecase这是常有的事Itisnotthecase情况并非如此Youdontlikeyourjob?Inthatcase,whydontyouleave?你不喜欢这份工作?那你怎么不辞职呢?Innocaseshouldyouloseheart,sokeepontrying.在任何情况下,都不要灰心,继续努力。Itisoftenthecasethathastemakeswaste.欲速则不达是很常见的。易错警示case后跟定语从句时,多作抽象名词,关系词多用where。Letusimagineacasewherewedisagree.让我们假设一个我们不同意的状况。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用根据所给汉语意思填空1.WeSenior3studentsareburdenedwithmuchpressure,whichisoftenthecase(这是常有的事).2.IlovetheInternet.IvecometoknowmanyfriendsontheNet.Itsnotthecase(情况并非如此).Fewofthemwouldbecomeyourrealfriends.3.Hemaywinthecompetition,inwhichcase(如果那样的话)heislikelytogetintothenationalteam.,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,theinstant引导的时间状语从句TheinstantshestoppedaskingquestionsIgotupandwentoutoftheroom.她一停止发问,我就站了起来,离开了面试室。(教材原句P24)theinstant在此处作连词,意为“一就”,引导时间状语从句。拓展延伸1.theinstant可以和themoment,theminute,thesecond,immediately,directly,instantly,assoonas等连词互换,表示主句动作在从句动作之后发生。Assoonasthechairmantookhisseat,themeetingbegan.主席一入座,会议就开始了。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,2.如果表示主句动作在从句动作之前发生则用以下句型:Hardly.when.,Nosooner.than.,Scarcely.when/before.。注意:由于hardly,no以及scarcely为否定意义词,放在句首时,主句要倒装。由于主句动作在从句动作之前发生,所以主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。Hardlyhadthefootballgamebegunwhenitstartedraining.足球比赛才刚刚开始就下起雨来。现学活用单句改错1.Justusethisroomforthetimebeing,andwellofferyoualargeroneinstantitbecomesavailable.(instant改为instantly或在instant前加the)2.Ihadhardlygottotheofficethanmywifephonedmetogobackhomeatonce.(than改为when),重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,by引导的时间状语从句Therearecurrentlyover100,000,000computersintheworldandby2020therewillbe10timesmore.目前全世界有超过一亿台电脑。到2020年,这个数字将增加十倍。(教材原句P28)在本句中,by是介词,用于引导时间状语,therewillbe10timesmore是主句。by作“到时为止”讲时,常构成固定句型:,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,Bytheendoflastterm,wehadlearned5,000newwords.到上学期末为止,我们已经学了5000个单词。Bythetimemyfathercomeshomefromwork,Iwillhavefinishedmyhomework.等到爸爸下班回来时,我将做完作业了。Bynow,wehavedealtwithfiveunits.到现在为止,我们已经学了5个单元。,重点短语,重点句型,重点单词,现学活用用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空1.Tommyisplanningtobuyacar.Iknow.Bynextmonth,hewillhavesaved(save)enoughforausedone.2.BythetimeJackreturnedhomefromEngland,hissonhadgraduated(graduate)fromcollege.3.Bythetimeyouhavefinishedthisbook,yourmealwillget(get)cold.,一、单句填空1.(2015湖南高考改编)Haveyourparentseverinspectedyourroomtoseeifyoucleanedit(proper)?properly。句意:你的父母检查过你的房间,想看下你是否好好打扫过吗?本句应用副词修饰动词cleaned。properly“适当地,恰当地”。2.(2015重庆高考改编)Theircatwasrecovering,thankstoAliceshelp.“WecantwaittohugCuddlesagain,”she(sob).sobbed。句意:幸亏艾丽丝的帮助,他们的猫康复了。“我们迫不及待地想要再次抱抱Cuddles,”她啜泣着说。根据上下文可知,应用一般过去时,故填sobbed。3.(2015广东高考改编)Andersonsuggeststhattelevisioncannot(condemn)withoutconsideringotherinfluences.becondemned。根据语境可知,condemn与其逻辑主语television为动宾关系,故用被动语态。,4.(2015重庆高考改编)IjustheardbankwhereDoraworkswasrobbedbygunmanwearingamask.the;a。句意:我刚刚听说朵拉工作的那家银行被一个戴面具的持枪人给抢了。第一个空表示“朵拉工作的那家银行”,表示特指,用the;第二空表示“一个戴面具的持枪人”,表示泛指,用a。5.(2015上海高考改编)Theparticipantshad0.013secondstovieweachface,yetsomehowtheygenerallyconsideredtheimagesthesamepeoplewhohadmoretimetostudythesamefaces.as。句意:参与者用0.013秒的时间看每一张脸,然而不知怎么地,他们普遍地对这些肖像的评价和那些用更多的时间研究同样的脸的人们的评价一样。thesameas.“和一样”。,6.(2014浙江高考改编)Theaimofeducationistoteachyoungpeopletothinkforthemselvesandnotfollowothers(blind).blindly。句意:教育的目的是教会年轻人独立思考,不要盲从别人。此处应用副词blindly“盲目地”修饰动词follow。7.(2014江苏高考改编)Shewasputunderhousearresttwoyearsagobutremainedapowerfulsymbolinlastyears(elect).election。此处所填词前有lastyears修饰,表示“去年的选举”,应填名词election。8.(2013江西高考改编)Hewrotealetterheexplainedwhathadhappenedintheaccident.where/inwhich。此处先行词为aletter,相当于一个抽象的地点,应用where或inwhich引导定语从句。,9.Thenewschoolbagsandbooks(donate)bysomewarmheartedpeoplearrivedatthevillageschoolthedaybeforeyesterday.donated。主语Thenewschoolbagsandbooks与动词donate之间是被动关系,故用过去分词donated作后置定语。10.Pollutionwillremainaglobalproblemforalongtimemuchhasbeendonetosolveit.though/although/while。根据语境可知,空处引导让步状语从句,故用though,although或while。,二、单元话题微写作职前准备根据提示,将以下句子连成一篇英语短文。1.人口激增和社会的迅猛发展使得社会竞争越来越激烈,无论企业还是个人,可能都会有些恐慌。(boom;competition;panic)2.想要跟上时代的脚步,就必须适应世界的变化。(keepupwith;adapt)3.求职者需要具备与人交流的能力,提高自己的电脑技术以及学好英语。(command;improve)4.无论面临多大的困难,我们都要不断完善自己,积极应对挑战。(confrontwith;challenge),Withtheboomingpopulationandtherapiddevelopmentofsociety,thecompetitionisheatingupforbothcompaniesandjobhunters,whichevencausesapanic.Tokeepupwiththechanges,wejobhuntershavetoadaptourselvestotheworldaroundus.Weshouldalsohaveagoodcommandofcommunicationskillsandimproveourcomputerskills.Besides,learningEnglishwellisalsoanecessity.Whateverwewillbeconfrontedwith,wehavetoimproveourselvesonaregularbasistofacethechallengesinapositivemanner.,
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