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GrammarNon-predicateVerbs,Verb(do),do(动词的原形)does(动词的单数形式)did(动词的过去形式),todo(动词不定式)doing(动名词/现在分词)done(过去分词）,e.g:I/Heit.,Predicate(谓语),Non-Predicate(非谓语),do,/does,/did,缺什么？,谓语？,非谓语？,Non-predicateVerbs,TheInfinitive(todo),TheGerund(doing),TheParticiple(doing/done),常充当：n/adj/adv,不能当verb用。在句中除不能作谓语外,其它各种成分(主语宾语表语宾补定语状语)都可充当。,常充当：n,不能当verb用。在句中通常作主语、宾语、表语和定语。,常充当：adj/adv,不能当verb用。在句中通常定语、表语、宾补和状语。,TheInfinitive,介词:+n/pron/V_ing,小品词:+V原形,to,tohim,todo,TheInfinitiveto+do(to+V原形)what+to+do(疑+to+V原形),“todo”常作：n/adj/adv用，决不能把它当：verb用。因此在句型结构：S+V+O+C+A+“定语”各成分中（注：S为主语，V为谓语，O为宾语，C为补语，A为状语），除“V”外其他各成分都能充当。e.g.TolearnEnglishwellisverynecessary.(S-n)Mywishistobeateacher.(表语-n）Iwanttohaveagoodsleep.(O-n)Heobligedmetocleantheclassroomforhim.(宾补-adj）Therearesomeplacestovisit.(定语-adj)Icameheretoseeyou.(A-adv),Non-predicateVerbs,TheInfinitive的否定形式,TheInfinitive的逻辑主语,TheInfinitive的时态变化,not+(to)+V原形e,.gIwantyounottosmoke.,for+n/pron+to+V原形e.g.ItsnecessaryforustolearnEnglishwell.,TheGerunddoing(Ving),“doing”常作：n用，决不能把它当：verb用。因此在句型结构：S+V+O+C+A+“定语”各成分中，可充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。e.g.SingingEnglishsongsisagoodwaytolearnEnglish.(S-n)MyjobisteachingyouEnglish.(表语-n）IenjoylisteningtoEnglishsongs.(O-n)Thereisaswimmingpoolinmyneighborhood.(定语-n),TheGerund,TheGerund的否定形式,TheGerund的逻辑主语,TheGerund的时态变化,not+Ving,his/Toms+Ving或him/Tom+Vinge.g.Doyoumindhis/Tomsopeningthewindow?或Doyoumindhim/Tomopeningthewindow?Tomsnotfinishingtheworkmadetheteacherangry,TheParticipleThepresentparticiple:doing(Ving)Thepastparticiple:played(Ved),“Theparticiple”常作：adj/adv用，决不能把它当：verb用。因此在句型结构：S+V+O+C+A+“定语”各成分中，可充当表语、定语、宾补和状语。e.g.Myjobisveryinteresting.或Iamveryinterestedinthejob.(表语-adj）Thereisaswimmingboyintheswimmingpool.(定语-adj/定语-n)或Americaisadevelopedcountrywhileourcountryisstilladevelopingone.Iamsorrytohavehadyouwaitingformesolong.(宾补-adj)或Idliketohavemyhaircut.(宾补-adj)Lookingthroughthenewspaper,Ifoundapieceofgoodnews.(A-adv)Seenfromthetopofthebuilding,ourschoollooksverybeautiful.(A-adv),TheParticiple,TheParticiple的否定形式,TheParticiple的逻辑主语,TheParticiple的时态变化,not+Ving/notVed,名词/代词(It)+Ving或名词/代词(It)+Ved(也称独立主格结构)e.g.Itbeingafineday,wewentouting.Hehadtowaitoutside,thekeysleftinhisoffice.Therebeingnobus,Ihadtowalkhome.,非谓语动词的一般式和完成式非谓语动词的一般式表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或在其后发生。非谓语动词的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。TheInfinitive例1：Alotofyoungpeoplearelearningtodrivecars.(与谓语动词动作同时发生)例2：Allofusexpectedtodiscoveranewoilfield.（动作发生在谓语动词之后)例3：HeissaidtohavestudiedEnglishforthreeyears.(动作发生在谓语动词之前)注：动词不定式的完成式有时用在intended,expected,meant,was/wereto等过去式的动词后面，表示未实现的行为。例如：1)Imeanttohavesentthebooktoyoubymail.（我本想把这本书邮寄给你的。）2)Hewastohavebeenthenewambassador,buthefellill.(他原是要任新大使的，但是他病了。),非谓语动词的一般式和完成式非谓语动词的一般式表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或在其后发生。非谓语动词的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。TheGerund例1：Iamthinkingofgettinganewdictionary.(动作发生在谓语动词之后)例2：WeenjoywatchingcolorTV.(与谓语动词动作同时发生)例3：Heforgothavingpromisedtowritethingsforus.（动作发生在谓语动词之前）,非谓语动词的一般式和完成式非谓语动词的一般式表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或在其后发生。非谓语动词的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。TheParticiple例1：Singingasong,hecameintotheroom.（与谓语动词动作同时发生）例2：Havingwrittenhiscomposition,hewenttohaveahearttohearttalkwithWang.(动作发生在谓语动词之前),
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