高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解校编题11

湖南澧县2017高考英语一轮阅读理解校编题2016高考模拟题。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。Many cities have subways and underground public transportation to take locals and tourists alike rapidly around the cityHowever, theres something different about riding a London subwayIt may not look different, but the historical value of one of Englands most popular forms of transportation is enough to make riding the subway a must when visiting LondonWith a little under 100 different stations, the subway can take you almost anywhere you need to goRiding a London subway, a person from other countries will notice one major difference: in London, people do not look at each otherIn fact, eye contact is avoided at all timesThats not rudeness people are just too busy to bother lookingBusy doing what, you ask? Well, theyre certainly not using the time for a moment of quiet thinkingNor are they reading a bookNew technology has replaced quiet habitsToday the only acceptable form of book on the London underground is an e-bookApple must earn a fortune from London commuters（使用月票上下班者）Since the launch of the iPhone in 2007, over 40,000yes, thats 40,000 “apps” have been designedCommuters love them because they are the perfect time-fillersOne “app”, called iShoot, is a game that features tanksAnother one, Tube Exits, tells passengers where to sit on the train to be closest to the exit of their destinationiSteam clouds the iPhone screen when you breathe into the microphoneYou can then write in the “steam” on your phone screenFor those without an iPhone, another Apple product, the iPod, may be the distraction（消遣）of choiceIts not just teenagers who “plug in” to their musiciPods are a popular way to pass the time for all agesAnd if games, e-books and music arent enough to keep you occupied, then perhaps you would prefer a film? The development of palm DVD technology means many commuters watch their favorite TV shows or films on the way to workWith all these distractions, its amazing that people still remember to get off the train1Those who want to save time to reach where they go can download _ to their iPhonesAiShoot BTube Exits CiSteam DiPod2People in London do not make eye contact on the subway because _Athey are going to work and have no time to communicate with each otherBthey love reading books and do not want to be disturbedCthey feel sleepy because of getting up earlyDthey are busy playing games, reading e-books, listening to music or watching films3The underlined word “apps” in the fourth paragraph means _Acomputers Bprograms downloaded for the iPhoneCcomputer companies Dfortune from London commuters4.The main idea of the passage is that _ALondon commuters are unfriendly to strangersBApple has earned a lot of money from selling 40,000 appsCtechnology is changing how London commuters spend their traveling timeDriding a London subway is a must when visiting London1.B细节理解题。根据Another one, Tube Exits, tells passengers where to sit on the train to be closest to the exit of their destination故选B。2.D细节理解题。根据最后一段可知人们在地铁里没空看别人，是因为大家都忙于玩游戏读电子书听音乐或看电影，故选D。3.B词义猜测题。根据have been designed可知它是电脑里已经设计好的程序，故选B。4.C主旨大意题。整篇短文叙述了伦敦的人们是怎样打发他们在做地铁的时间的，故选C。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。【2014高考英语广东省华侨中学四模】CHow could we possibly think that keeping animals in cages in unnatural environmentsmostly for entertainment purposesis fair and respectful?Zoo officials say they are concerned about animals. How ever, most zoos remain “collections” of interesting “things” rather than protective habitats. Zoos teach people that it is acceptable to keep animals bored, lonely, and far from their natural homes.Zoos claim to educate people and save endangered species, but visitors leave zoos without having learned anything meaningful about the animals natural behavior, intelligence, or beauty. Zoos keep animals in small spaces or cages, and most signs only mention the species name, diet, and natural range. The animals normal behavior is seldom noticed because zoos dont usually take care of the animals natural needs.The animals are kept together in small spaces, with no privacy and little opportunity for mental and physical exercise. This results in unusual and self-destructive behavior called zoochosis. A worldwide study of zoos found that zoochosis is common among animals kept in small spaces or cages. Another study showed that elephants spend 22 percent of their time making repeated head movements or biting cage bars, and bears spend 30 percent of their time walking back and forth, a sign of unhappiness and pain.Furthermore, most animals in zoos are not endangered. Captive breeding (圈养繁殖) of endangered big cats, Asian elephants, and other species has not resulted in their being sent back to the wild. Zoos talk a lot about their captive breeding programs because they do not want people to worry about a species dying out. In fact, baby animals also attract a lot of paying customers. Havent we seen enough competitions to name baby animals?Actually, we will save endangered species only if we save their habitats and put an end to the reasons people kill them. Instead of supporting zoos, we should support groups that work to protect animals natural habitats.36. How would the author describe the animals life in zoos?A. Dangerous.B. Unhappy.C. Natural.D. Easy.37. In the state of zoochosis, animals _.A. remain in cagesB. behave strangelyC. attack other animalsD. enjoy moving around38. What does the author try to argue in the passage?A. Zoos are not worth the public support.B. Zoos fail in their attempt to save animals.C. Zoos should treat animals as human beings.D. Zoos use animals as a means of entertainment.39. The author tries to persuade readers to accept his argument mainly by _.A. discussing the advantages of natural habitats B. using evidence he has collected at zoosC. questioning the way animals are protectedD. pointing out the faults in what zoos do40. Although he argues against zoos, the author would still agree that _.A. zoos have to keep animals in small cagesB. most animals in zoos are endangered speciesC. some endangered animals are reproduced in zoosD. its acceptable to keep animals away from their habitats【参考答案】3640. BBADC阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。【2013届广东省高三上期末华附、省实、广雅、深中四校联考】CThis is our country, America. The country where everyone is supposed to have a shot at financial success. The country of dreams and ambition. Yet, caused by the endless pursuit of individual profit, our country is a mess. And we owe it all to capitalism. We live in a society where people are forced to live without health coverage. A country where the poor can hardly feed themselves while the rich decide which one of their 10 homes to stay at for the night. All of these sad things arise out of capitalism. Sadly, our country values little more than money. It motivates our decisions and even influences entire political parties. We have gotten to the point in society where a human life comes secondary to our financial security. Any rational society would value life above all else and realize that health is a basic human right. Yet in our world, money comes first.I never once have claimed to be an economist and have no interest in debating the financial advantages of any economic system. Yet socialism surely looks better than what we have. If we lived in a socialist society, we would be a country without such an unfair wealth distribution. We would value friendship over business and we would treat one another as humans. Most importantly, however, is that money would stop controlling our lives and we could act how humans should act. Capitalism has created an “every man for himself” existence. Everything is a battle for limited resources and fuels. We have become so accustomed to the life value that we will do whatever we have to look out for ourselves. Yet is this really the kind of life we want?We have become so illusioned. We are tired of the misdirection. All economic systems have their issues, but I feel like ours is turning our country into something it shouldnt be. The good of man falls secondary to money. In our world, it is all about dollars and cents, which, unfortunately for most, makes no sense.51. In the authors opinion, the root cause of the present situation in his country is _.A. money B. peoples value C. social unfairness D. social system【答案】D 【解析】细节理解题。根据we owe it all to capitalism所有的一切都是因为是资本主义社会，也就是他们国家的制度，故选D。52. According to the passage, which is NOT the characteristic of capitalism?A. individualism B. endless pursuit of wealth C. humanism D. great gap between the rich and the poor 【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。individualism个人利己主义； endless pursuit of wealth 无休止追求财富；humanism 人道主义；great gap between the rich and the poor富人和穷人的距离拉大；根据Capitalism has created an “every man for himself” existence.利己主义；caused by the endless pursuit of individual profit, 无休止追求财富；If we lived in a socialist society, we would be a country without such an unfair wealth distribution. 财富分配不均；这些都是资本主义的特征，只有人道主义是社会主义的特征，故选C。53. How does the author feel about his country?A. concerned B. angry C. skeptical D. hopeless 【答案】A 【解析】细节理解题。concerned关心的； angry生气的； skeptical 怀疑的； hopeless绝望的。根据Yet is this really the kind of life we want? I feel like ours is turning our country into something it shouldnt be.这里显示出作者很关心自己的国家，故选A。54. Which of the following would the author agree with?A. Life should be placed at the top of our considerations.B. Socialism is perfect.C. Health is equally important as wealth.D. The pursuit for wealth should be restricted. 【答案】A 【解析】细节理解题。根据Any rational society would value life above all else 及The good of man falls secondary to money.作者同意钱放在第二位，生命放在第一位，故选A。55. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. How to Save America B. Capitalism Is in TroubleC. Why Is America in Trouble D. America Is in Trouble 【答案】C【解析】标题归纳题。根据本文的内容叙述了美国为什么处于困境之中，故选C。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。In 1935, the clarinetist and bandleader Benny Goodman, aged just twentysix, left New York with his fourteenpiece “swing” band and, traveling in a ragtag group of cars, headed for the huge Palomar Ballroom in Los Angeles. It was not an easy trip. There were half a dozen dismal, sparsely attended onenighters and three weeks at a dance hall in Denver, where the band was forced to play waltzes, tangos, and novelty numbers. On the opening night at the Palomar, the band played ballad numbers in the first set, and there was little response from the dancers. Then one of the musicians said, if they were going to bomb again they might well do it in style. So Goodman called for his hot, often uptempo arrangements, many of them by the ingenious black bandleader and arranger Fletcher Henderson, and the kids stopped dancing, clustered around the bandstand, and began roaring. Before the weeks at the Palomar were over, it was clear that Goodman had suddenly made jazzstill a suspect and largely subliminal American folk music, despite the brilliant inventions during the previous decade of Jelly Roll Morton and othersinto a popular music. Goodmans surprising ways continued. In 1936, he shook up the white entertainment establishment by hiring two black musiciansthe elegant pianist Teddy Wilson and the plunging vibraphonist Lione Hampton. (To be sure, Wilson and Hampton did not play in the band; instead, they appeared with Goodman and the drummer Gene Krupa during intermissions.) A year later, when the band went into the Paramount Theater in New York for three weeks, legions of kids appeared, and a screaming, dancing riot nearly took place. It was the first great American show frenzy, and it prepared the way for the Sinatra frenzy of 1947, and for all the Beatles frenzies, and for all the mindless rockborne frenzies of the Seventies and Eighties. Then, on the night of January 16, 1938, Goodman, challenging the longhairs, took his band into a soldout Carnegie Hall. The big band played a dozen numbers, the trio two numbers, and the quartet five numbers. Despite the immediate rumblings from Olin Downes, the Timess classical music critic (“The playing last night, if noise, speed and beat, all old devices, are heat, was “hot” as it could be, but nothing came of it all, and in the long run it was decidedly monotonous”), Goodmans concert moved jazz even further up the American popular register. 412 words 61. This passage is mainly A a general review of Jazz music. B a biography of Benny Goodman. C about the origin of American folk music. D about how jazz became popular in America. 62. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A The bands first music show in Los Angles was an immediate success. B Goodman is considered the father of Jazz music. C Benny Goodman was unknown to public when he left New York. D The band scheduled to play waltzes, tangos and novelty numbers at a dance hall in Denver. 63. It could be inferred from the passage that A Jazz is a style of music native to America. B Classic music had become outdated at Goodmans time. C Morton and Goodman were contemporaries. D Goodman was the first bandleader who hired Black musicians in 1930s. 64. The phrase “shake up” (Line 1,Paragraph 2) in the context probably means A to give a very unpleasant shock. B to make changes to an organization. B to get rid of a problem. D to point out, designate. 65. Towards Goodmans music show frenzy, Olin Downes, the classical music critic has A approving attitude. B satirizing attitude. C regretting mind. D exaggerated tone.【参考答案】Passage 361. 【正确答案】 D about how jazz became popular in America. 【本题考点】主旨大意题。 【试题精解】 本文主要讲述音乐家Benny Goodman如何使爵士乐成为一种美国通俗音乐。选项A “爵士乐概观”和B “Benny Goodman传记”都涉及面太宽，所以不选。选项C “美国民族音乐的起源”与本文大意无关。 【考点出处】62. 【正确答案】 C Benny Goodman was unknown to public when he left New York. 【本题考点】 细节判断题。 【试题精解】 此题可利用排除法来做。文章第一段提到在洛杉矶巴罗默演奏厅的演出是一次艰难的跋涉，因此可排除选项A 。文中还提到在此前10年中其他人在爵士乐方面也有卓越的创作，故排除B 项。文章还提到乐队不得已演奏了华尔兹、探戈及新奇的乐曲。由此排除D 。而选项C 中说Benny Goodman悄悄离开纽约恰合题意，故选C 。 【考点出处】 文中第一段。63. 【正确答案】 A Jazz is a style of music native to America. 【本题考点】 推理暗示题。 【试题精解】 根据文章第一段末句“.still a suspect and largely subliminal American folk music.”可以推断：爵士乐是源于美国一种音乐风格。 【考点出处】 第一段末句。64. 【正确答案】 B to make changes to an organization. 【本题考点】 主旨大意题。 【试题精解】 shake up在语境中意为：大力整顿，重组，使受到变动很大的安排或组织。分析四个选项可知只有B 项合乎题意，故选B 。 【考点出处】 根据语境及上下文联系推断词组意思。65. 【正确答案】 B satirizing attitude. 【本题考点】 语义归纳题。 【试题精解】 文章所引用的Olin Downes 的话，显然是一段针对Goodmans 乐队演出的讽刺性的评论。因此本题的正确答案是B 。 【考点出处】 通过对全文的归纳总结来分析人物的态度，关键信息在最后一段。核心词汇 1.clarinetistn.单簧管演奏者 2.bandleadern.伴舞乐队的指挥 3.ragtagn.平民，穷人 例 ragtag and bobtail 下层社会 4.numbern.乐曲 例 My sister sang several numbers from the musical. 我姐姐唱了歌舞片里的几部选曲。 5.subliminala.下意识的，潜在意识的 6.legionn.大批，一大群人 例 a legion of admirers 一群仰慕者 7.frenzyn.狂暴，狂乱 例 In a frenzy of hate he killed the boss and revenged his friend.在一阵痛恨的狂乱中，他杀死了老板，为朋友报了仇。 8.trio三人一组，三件一套；三重奏，三重唱难句注释 （1）There were half a dozen dismal, and novelty numbers. 【解析】 复合句。关系副词where 引导定语从句。 【译文】 有六、七场沉闷的夜间演出，观众寥寥无几。乐队又在丹佛的一家舞厅演出了三个星期，不得已演奏了华尔兹、探戈及一些新奇的舞曲。 （2）Before the weeks at the Palomar were over, and othersinto a popular music. 【解析】 注意此处make sth. into sth. 的结构表示“将变成了”。 【译文】 很清楚，在帕罗玛几个星期的演出结束之前，Goodman 突然间将爵士乐一种尚不明确的很大程度上是潜意识的美国民间音乐，尽管有早先十年中Jelly Roll Morton 和其他人的卓越创造变成了一种通俗音乐。 （3）It was the first great American show frenzy, frenzies of the Seventies and Eighties. 【解析】 句中三个介词for后接三个并列成分。 【译文】 那是美国第一次由于演出引发的狂热现象，后来又出现了1947年的Sinatra狂热，披头士合唱队狂热及七十年代和八十年代忘我的摇滚演出狂热。 （4）Despite the immediate rumblings even further up the American popular register. 【解析】 “if noise, speed and beat, all old devices, are heat”是插入语。despite: 介词，意为：不管，不顾；the Times: 美国时代杂志；in the long run: 最后，终究；register 此处意为：记录。 【译文】 尽管美国时代杂志古典乐评论家Olin Downes 立即发出批评怨言，（“如果噪音、快速的音乐节奏和节拍以及所有的旧乐器就意味着热烈，昨天晚上的演出很热，却毫无意义，终究无疑是单调乏味”），Goodman 的音乐会推进了爵士乐在美国通俗乐中的地位。 全文精译 爵士乐的流行 1935年，只有26岁的单簧管演奏者兼乐队指挥 Benny Goodman率领由14件乐器组成的“摇摆”乐队，乘坐不甚显耀的车队离开纽约，前往（head for）洛杉矶巨大的巴罗默演奏厅。这是一次艰难的跋涉（be not an easy trip）。有六、七场（half a dozen）沉闷的（dismal）夜间演出，观众寥寥无几（sparsely attend）。乐队又在丹弗的一家舞厅演出了三个星期，不得已（be forced to）演奏了华尔兹、探戈及一些新奇的乐曲。在巴罗默首场演出晚会上，乐队首先演奏了芭蕾曲，却没有得到舞友的回应。一位乐师说：要想制造爆炸性效果就制造点新花样吧！Goodman便要求（call for）乐队演奏狂热、快速的改编乐曲，其中许多曲子是这位天才的黑人乐队指挥和乐曲改编者Fletcher Henderson演奏的。年轻人们都不跳舞了，他们全欢呼着围到了演奏台周围。很清楚，在帕罗马几个星期的演出结束前，Goodman突然将爵士乐尽管在此前10年中Jelly Roll Morton和其他人都有卓越的创作，爵士乐当时仍然没有为人们所接受、在很大程度上仍然是潜意识的美国民间音乐变成了一种通俗音乐。 Goodman令人惊奇的方式继续着。1936年，他邀请两位黑人乐师优雅的钢琴演奏家（the elegant pianist）和专注的（the plunging）电颤琴演奏家Lione Hampton加盟，这极大地影响了（shake up）白人娱乐圈。（而事实上（to be sure），两位黑人乐师都没有在乐队中演奏，只是在演奏间歇时同Goodman和鼓手Gene Krupa一起露露面。）一年后，当乐队入驻纽约市派拉蒙剧院演奏三周，大群年轻人到场，他们尖叫着、狂舞着，几乎发生了混乱。那是美国第一次由于演出引发的狂热现象（show frenzy），它为后来出现的1947年的西纳特拉狂热、披头士合唱队狂热和70、80年代忘我的摇滚乐产生的狂热铺平了道路。 接着，1938年1月16日晚，Goodman率领乐队进入已卖出的卡耐基大厅，对古典音乐发起挑战。庞大的乐队演奏了十多首乐曲、两曲三重奏、五曲四重奏。尽管美国时代杂志古典音乐评论家Olin Downes立即提出批评（“昨天晚上的演奏，如果噪音、快速的音乐节奏和节拍以及所有的旧乐器就意味着热烈，昨天晚上的演出很“热”，却毫无意义（nothing come of it all），终究无疑是单调乏味（monotonous）”）， Goodman的音乐会进一步提高了爵士乐在美国通俗乐中的影响。