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Unit1,Art,知识清单,(一)基本单词,1._v.预言;预告;预测2._vi.有感染力;呼吁;求助3._vt.采用;采纳;收养4._vt.技能,predict,appeal,adopt,attempt,possess,technique,7._adj.荒谬的;可笑的8._adj.精细的;易碎的;脆弱的9._adj.香的;令人愉快的10._adj.典型的;有代表性的11._n.信任;信心;信念12._adj.卓越的;杰出的;极好的13._adj.精致的;脆弱的;容易生病的,ridiculous,fragile,typical,faith,fragrant,superb,delicate,14._adj.过敏性的;对过敏的15.evidentadj._16.preferencen._17.aggressiveadj._18.districtn._19.specificadj._20.reputationn._21.civilizationn._,喜爱;偏爱,明显的;明白的,allergic,区;区域;行政区,确切的;特定的,名声;声誉,文明;文化;文明社会,敢作敢为的;侵略的;好斗的,22.permanentadj._23.conventionaladj._24.contemporaryadj._,当代的;同时代的,永久的;持久的,常规的;传统的,(二)派生单词,1.possessvt.拥有;具有;支配_n.私有物品,拥有_n.拥有者_n.所有格adj.所有的_同义vt.拥有2._adj.争论/争议的controversiallyadv._,possession,possessor,possessive,own,controversial,有争议地,3._n.巧合;相合coincidentadj._4.adoptvt.采用;采纳;收养_adj.可采用的;可收养的_adj.被收养的;被采用的_n.采用;采纳;通过;收养,coincidence,巧合的,adoptable,adopted,adoption,5.appealvi.有感染力;呼吁;求助vt.将上诉n.呼吁;恳求_adj.有感染力的;有吸引力的_adv.可怜地,appealing,appealingly,7.evidentadj.明白的;明显的_adv.显然_n.根据,证词,evidence,evidently,6.aimn.目标;对准v.打算;对准目标_adj.无目的的;无目标的_adv.无目的地;无目标地_同义n.目标,goal,aimless,aimlessly,1.活着的;本人_2.拥有_3.巧合地_4.对敏感_5.有吸引力_6.另一方面_7.大量_,intheflesh,in(the)possessionof,bycoincidence,(三)短语,appealto,ontheotherhand,agreatdeal,beallergicto,核心要点,(一)单词,1.aimn.目的;目标vt.收养;正式通过,批准【教材原句】Peoplebegantoconcentratelessonreligiousthemesandadoptamorehumanisticattitudetolife.人们开始较少关注宗教主题而采取一种更人性化的生活态度。,【归纳】adoptanapproach/strategy/policy采用某方法/战略/政策【拓展】adoptedadj.领养的,收养的adoptionn.领养,收养;采用,根据所给的汉语提示补全下列句子。1)Finally,theteacherdecidedto_(采纳露西的建议).2)Theoldcoupleareconsidering_(收养一个失去双亲的孩子)duringtheearthquake.,adoptLucyssuggestion,adoptingachildwholosthisparents,【易混辨异】adopt使适应,3.possessvt.拥有;具有;支配【教材原句】Richpeoplewantedtopossesstheirownpaintings,sotheycoulddecoratetheirsuperbpalacesandgreathouses.富人们想拥有自己的艺术品并用来装饰自己的高级宫殿和豪宅。,【拓展】possessionn.具有,拥有takepossessionof占有,占领inpossessionof拥有,占有,持有insb.spossession=inthepossessionofsb.在某人手中,由某人掌握。possession意为“财产”时,常用复数。,翻译下列句子。1)Thegallerypossessessomeoftheartistsearlyworks.2)Peoplehadlosttheirhomesandalltheirpossessions.,美术馆拥有那位画家的一些早期作品。,人们失去了他们的家园和所有的财产。,3)Imafraidhedoesntpossessasenseofhumor.4)Heisnowtheproudpossessorofadrivinglicense.,恐怕他没有什么幽默感。,他现在有了驾驶执照,颇有些飘飘然。,【归纳】castonesshadowon给投下阴影;使黯淡catchatshadows(=runaftershadows)捕风捉影;徒劳intheshadow在阴暗处,4.shadown.阴影;影子【教材原句】Theywereeagertoshowhowlightandshadowfellonobjectsatdifferenttimesoftheday.他们急切地想把一天中不同时间投射到物体上的光线和阴影呈现出来。,5.attemptn.努力;尝试;企图vt.尝试;企图【教材原句】Ontheonehand,somemodernartisabstract;thatis,thepainterdoesnotattempttopaintobjectsasweseethemwithoureyes一方面,有些现代艺术是抽象的,也就是说,画家并不打算把我们眼睛看到的东西如实地画出来,【归纳】作名词,尝试/努力/企图做某事makeanattempttodosth.attempt(s)atsth./doingsth.inanattempttodosth.作动词,尝试/企图做某事attemptsth.attempttodosth.,【辨析】attempt,try,manage(1)attempt正式用语,常指一次的而不是继续的尝试,往往暗示这种尝试达不到目的,常包含“冒险”之意。(2)try通俗用语,指为成功做某事而付出努力或花费一定代价,后接不定式表示“试图做某事”,后接动名词表“试着做某事”。(3)manage成功地做成某事,强调结果。,根据括号内的汉语提示补全下列句子。1)Twofactorieswereclosed_(为削减费用).2)Thepatient_(尝试着坐起来)butfailed.3)(我首次试着学开车)_wasunsuccessful.,inanattempttocutcosts,madeanattempttositup,Myfirstattemptat,attemptedtositup,learningtodrive,6.predictvt.预言;预测;预告【教材原句】Whocanpredictwhatpaintingstylestherewillbeinthefuture?谁能预言将来会有什么样的绘画艺术风格？,【用法】predict可接名词(短语)作宾语,还可接从句,后接不定式时仅限于被动语态。常用于bepredictedtodo结构中。【拓展】predictionn.预言,预报,预告predictableadj.可预见的,可预料的predictorn.预示物;预测器,根据汉语意思补全下列句子。1)要预测出谁将获胜是不可能的。Itsimpossibleto_.2)明天早上，飓风将到达海岸。Thehurricane_thecoasttomorrowmorning.,predictwhowillwin,ispredictedtoreach,7.preferencen.喜爱;偏爱【教材原句】Frickhadapreferenceforpre-twentiethcenturyWesternpaintings,andthesearewell-representedinthisexcellentcollection.弗里克对20世纪以前的西方绘画有偏爱,而在这个陈列馆的珍藏品里这些绘画得以很好展出。,【词根】prefervt.较喜欢;宁可,【归纳】preferenceforsb./sth.对某人或某物的偏爱haveapreference(for.)(对)有偏爱expressapreference对偏爱give/showpreferenceto偏爱;给予优先权inpreferenceto而不是,用适当的介词填空。1)Manychildrenexpressedastrongpreference_theAmericancartoons.2)Preferencewillbegiven_thegraduatesofthisuniversity.,for,to,1.bycoincidence巧合【教材原句】Bycoincidence,oilpaintswerealsodevelopedatthistime,whichmadethecoloursusedinpaintingslookricheranddeeper.巧合的是这一时期油画颜料也得到了发展,它使得绘画的色彩看上去更丰富、更深沉。【联想】bychance偶然;碰巧byaccident偶然,(二)短语,2.agreatdeal大量,非常【教材原句】Inthelate19thcentury,Europechangedagreatdeal,fromamostlyagriculturalsocietytomostlyindustrialone.19世纪后期,欧洲发生了巨大的变化,从以农业为主的社会变成了以工业为主的社会。,【用法】agreatdeal可单独使用,也可用在形容词或副词的比较级前,相当于much或alot。agreatdealof(+不可数名词),意为“许多;大量”。,【运用】用以上两个短语填空。(1)Hehas_worktodo.(2)Heate_forsupperyesterday.(3)Heran_fasterthanI.(4)Hisbadbehaviourcausedhisparents_pain.,agreatdealof,agreatdeal,agreatdeal,agreatdealof,【拓展】表示“大量,许多”的短语:仅修饰可数名词的有:agood/greatmany,alarge/greatnumberof,scoresof等。仅修饰不可数名词的有:alargeamountof,agood/greatdealof等。既能修饰可数名词,又能修饰不可数名词的有:alotof,lotsof,plentyof等。,3.ontheotherhand另一方面【教材原句】Ontheotherhand,somepaintingsofmodernartaresorealisticthattheylooklikephotographs.另一方面,有些现代派的艺术作品却是那么写实,看上去就像是照片。【用法】ontheotherhand可与ontheonehand(一方面)并列使用,也可单独使用。,【拓展】foronething.,(and)foranother.一来;二来(常被用来列举一些理由)first(ly),.second(ly),.第一,第二,(2014江西改编)Startingyourownbusinesscouldbeawaytoachievefinancialindependence._theotherhand,itcouldjustputyouindebt.答案：On句意：开办自己的公司可能是一种获得经济独立的方法,另一方面,它也可能让你负债累累。ontheotherhand另一方面,符合题意。,4.appealto(对某人)有吸引力;(使某人)感兴趣【教材原句】ItwillappealtothosewholoveImpressionistandPost-Impressionistpaintings.展览将吸引印象派和后印象派作品的爱好者。【归纳】appealtosb.todosth.恳求/呼吁某人做某事appealfor恳求,呼吁【拓展】appealingadj.有吸引力的,有趣的;求助的;恳求的,英译汉。LetusappealtothePresidenttoaidus.,让我们恳求总统援助我们。,(2010安徽改编)HowdidyoulikeNicksperformancelastnight?Tobehonest,hissingingdidntappeal_memuch.答案：to句意：你认为昨晚尼克的表演怎么样?说实话,他的歌并没有吸引我。appealto“吸引某人,引起某人的兴趣”。,Butitwasevidentthatideaswerechanginginthe13thcenturywhenpainterslikeGiottodiBondonebegantopaintreligiousscenesinamorerealisticway.但是,很显然到了13世纪时,观念发生变化,像乔托这样的画家开始以一种比较现实的风格来画宗教场景。,(三)句式,本句主干结构为:形式主语(it)+系动词(was)+表语(evident)+主语从句(thatideaswerechanginginthe13thcentury)。whenpainterslikeGiottodiBondonebegantopaintreligiousscenesinamorerealisticway是定语从句,修饰the13thcentury。其中inamorerealisticway作方式状语。,2.AmongthepainterswhobrokeawayfromthetraditionalstyleofpaintingweretheImpressionists,wholivedandworkedinParis.在那些突破传统画法的画家中有生活和工作在法国巴黎的印象派画家。,wholivedandworkedinParis是一个非限制性定语从句,修饰theImpressionists。,本句主干部分是AmongthepaintersweretheImpressionists,是一个倒装句。whobrokeawayfromthetraditionalstyleofpainting是由who引导的限制性定语从句,修饰thepainters。,3.ManyartloverswouldrathervisitthissmallartgallerythananyotherinNewYork.在纽约,比起其他艺术馆许多艺术爱好者都更乐意参观这家小型艺术陈列馆。本句使用了wouldrather.than句型,意为“宁愿而不愿”,表示主观愿望,即在两者之中选择其一。如:Shewouldratherrunthanwalk.,【注意】使用wouldrather.than.句型时,wouldrather后接不带to的动词不定式;than所连接的前后两部分在词性或结构上相一致。,虚拟语气(一)英语中,表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测时,要用虚拟语气。虚拟语气可用于if条件状语从句、主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等。本单元我们主要复习虚拟语气在if条件从句中表示现在或将来情况和wish后的宾语从句中的用法。,(四)语法,虚拟语气在if条件从句中表示现在或将来情况的用法：1.表示与现在事实相反或实现可能性不大时,从句的谓语动词用过去式,主句的谓语用would/should/could/might+动词原形。注意:be的过去式用were。e.g.IfLucyhadmoretime,shewould/should/could/mightvisitusmoreoften.IfIwereyou,Iwould/should/could/mightgiveanAIDSpatientahug.,2.表示与将来事实相反时,从句的谓语动词可以用过去式,也可用wereto+动词原形或者should+动词原形,主句的谓语用would/should/could/might+动词原形。e.g.IfJohnaskedmetohelphimnexttime,Iwould/couldtrymybest.IfIweretodothejob,Iwould/mightdoitinadifferentway.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,weshouldputoffthebasketballmatch.,虚拟语气在wish后的宾语从句中的用法：动词wish后的宾语从句中,谓语常用过去式来表示现在的情况,用would/could/might+动词原形来表示将来的情况,用过去完成时表示过去的情况。e.g.SometimesTomwisheshewereachild.IwishIwould/could/mighttellagoodstoryinmynextclass.IwishIhadattendedSusansweddingyesterday.,1.（2015.陕西）23.Ellenisafantasticdancer.IwishI_aswellasher.A.danceB.willdanceC.haddanceD.danced,高考链接,D,2.(2014北京改编)We_(be)backinthehotelnowifyoudidntlosethemap.答案：wouldbe考查虚拟语气。根据从句的时态可知,空格处表示对现在情况的假设。句意：要是你没有把地图弄丢了的话,我们现在就已经回到旅馆了。,用括号内动词的正确形式填空。1.Theoldmanlosthislife.Mrs.Brownwishesthatshe_(send)himtohospitalintime.2.IfTony_(submit)theessaytomorrow,hewouldntbepunished.,hadsent,submitted/weretosubmit,/shouldsubmit,3.Catherinedoesntenjoyworkingasajournalist,andshewishesshe_(be)ateacher.4.IfI_(be)younow,Iwouldntarguewithhimaboutit.5.Iwishtheperformancetonight_(go)well.,were,were,would/could/mightgo,如何写建议信【写作任务】假如你是李华。你校英语角准备举办一次文化艺术节(theFestivalofArtsandCulture),主办人Robert针对本次艺术节向学生们征求意见。请你用英语给他写一封信,谈谈对此次活动的看法及建议。,(五)写作,注意:词数120左右(信的开头已给出,但不计入总词数)。DearRobert,IamgladtohearthatourEnglishCornerisgoingtoholdtheFestivalofArtsandCulture._Yourssincerely,LiHua,【写作指导】这是一封建议信。此类写作通常包括以下几方面的内容:首先,表明写作意图;然后,列举具体的建议及理由;最后进行总结,礼貌地表达希望建议被采纳的愿望。写作时应注意以下两点:1.简明扼要、目的明确;2.具有合理性、说服力。,【常用表达】Iamwritingtoexpressmyviewsconcerning.Iwouldliketosuggestthat.Youdbetter./Itsbetterto.AsfarasIamconcerned./Inmyopinion.Foronething.;foranother.,IfIwereyou,Iwould.Ithinkitisnecessary.Ihopeyouwilltakemyadviceintoaccount/consideration.Ihopeyouwillfindtheseproposals/suggestions/advicepractical/useful/helpful.,【参考范文】DearRobert,IamgladtohearthatourEnglishCornerisgoingtoholdtheFestivalofArtsandCulture.Wehavebeenlookingforwardtoitforalongtime,asitisagreatchancetobroadenourviewsandenrichourschoollife.,Inmyopinion,youdbetterarrangeforallthestudentsartsandcultureclubstoadvertisetheirownactivitiesthroughposters.Thenthestudentscanchoosewhateveractivitytheywishtojoinin.Whatsmore,Ithinkitisnecessarytopreparealargeenoughroomtoholdthisfestival.Thenumberofparticipantswillbesolargethattheclassroomwontbeabletoholdallofthem.,Lastbutnotleast,safetyshouldbetakenintoconsiderationincaseanemergencyoccurs.Ihopeyouwillfindthesesuggestionshelpful.Yourssincerely,LiHua,巩固练习,I.根据下面各句句意以及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示词，写出该单词的正确形式（每空一词）。1.Tobehonest,theperformancelastnightdidnta_tomemuch.2.Themanagersaidthisyearssales_(数字)wereexcellent.3.Newspapersp_thatDaviswouldbere-elected.4.Manyelderlypeopleexpressedastrong_(偏爱)toliveintheirownhomes.,appeal,figures,predicted,preference,5.Herpaintingsarebeingshownatag_inLondon.6.Theyclosedtheroadinana_toreducetrafficinthecity.,gallery,attempt,1.Canyoubemore_aboutwhereyourbackhurts?2.Becarefulwiththatvaseitsvery_.3.Theairwas_withthesmelloforangeblossoms.,specific,fragile,II.选用方框内合适的形容词填空（每个单词限用一次）。,fragrant,4.Whetherthebuildingsinthisareashouldbepulleddownhasremained_.5.Its_thatnobodysdoneanythingtostopthembeforenow.,controversial,ridiculous,III.用适当的介词或副词填空。1.Garyislateagain.Itistypical_himtokeepotherswaiting.2.Just_coincidence,JohnandIbothendedupatYale.3.Iveseenherperformontelevision,butnever_theflesh.4.Idliketoeatout,but_theotherhandIshouldbetryingtosavemoney.,of,by,in,on,5.Ivejustbeenlooking_yourcookbooksforinspiration.6.Georgetookoutabunch_keysandwenttoworkontheplicatedlock.,through,of,IV.用括号内单词的正确形式填空。1.Ifwe_(know)heraddress,wewouldgotovisither.2.IamsohappythatIfeelasifI_(can)fly.3.Wherearethechildren?Thedinnersgoingtobecold.Iwishthey_(be,not)alwayslate.,knew,could,werent,4.Wanttotryrockclimbing?Noway!I_(will,not)doitevenifyoupaidmeamilliondollars!,wouldnt,V.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Howcanapieceofartcreateamonster?Easy,itcaninspireanentirecity1._(hold)ahugeartsfestival.IthappenedinGrandRapids,Michigan,2._ahugepieceofsculpturewasinstalledinadowntownplaza(广场).,tohold,when,In1969,atypeofabstractsculpture,calledastabile,3._(place)downtowninfrontofCityHall.TwentiethcenturyAmericanartistAlexanderCaldercreatedit.Caldersstabilesareconstructedofflatcurvingshapesofmetalwelded(焊接)togetherand4._(usual)paintedredorblack.Hisstabilesare5._(amaze)creationsthatlookgreatinparksandplazas.,wasplaced,usually,amazing,Oncethesculpturewas6._place,thepeopleofGrandRapidsstartedthinking7._theyneededanartsfestivaltocelebrateCalderswork.Moreimportantly,theyneededanartsfestivaltocelebratetheartsinWestMichigan.,in,that,So,thisthree-dayartscelebration,held8._firstfullweekendinJuneof1970indowntownGrandRapids,attractsthousandsofparticipatingartists.It9._(grow)intothenationslargestall-volunteerartsfestivalsofar,withmorethan20,000volunteersandmorethan500,000people10._(attend).Itissolargethatitisspreadoutoveralmostallofdowntownthatsamonsterofafestival!,the,hasgrown,attending,
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