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专题八动词,动词,1,实义动词,分析甘肃近3年中考真题可以看出，对动词的考查主要在语法与情景对话和完形填空中。一般侧重于两点：1.动词语境的辨析；2.近义动词的辨析，需要考生平时多练多积累。,解答实义动词的语境辨析类试题，首先要确定四个动词的含义，然后分析语境，找出关键词，或前后的逻辑关系，确定正确答案。因此考生在平时学习过程中，需要重点积累并掌握实义动词的用法，具体如下：实义动词是能够独立作谓语的动词。按其句法功能可分为及物动词和不及物动词；按其持续性可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。1.及物动词和不及物动词(1)及物动词自身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。常见的带双宾语的动词有：give,bring,buy,get,leave,lend,offer,pass,teach,tell等。如：Pleasepassmethesalt.请把盐递给我。(2)不及物动词自身意思完整，不需要接宾语。如：come,go,listen,work等。如：Horsesrunfast.马跑得快。,2.延续性动词和非延续性动词(1)延续性动词表示动作是可以持续的，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。如：live,study,keep,teach等。如：Youcankeepthisbookfortwoweeks.这本书你可以保留两周。(2)非延续性动词表示瞬间动作，动作一发生便立刻结束，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，如果要连用，就要用其他词代替。如：buy,lend,die,borrow,stop,arrive,join,come等。如：Theoldmanhasbeendeadfortwoyears.那个老人已经去世两年了。（此处不能用hasdied）,1.Everyoneshouldhavedreams.Withdreamsandhardwork,anythingamazingcanbe_.A.metB.createdC.expectedD.practiced2.Imgreatlyinterestedinthispainting.It_thepainterslovefornature.A.expressesB.discussesC.realizesD.imagines3.Illalwaysstandbyyouwhenyouareinneed.Itsniceofyou.Yoursupportisreally_.A.appreciatedB.thankedC.helpedD.depended,考点小练,A,B,A,4.Mymotheraskedto_myclothesbymyselfyesterday.A.makeB.cookC.washD.plant5.Thedrivershaveto_thetrafficrulesandcontrolthemselvesiftheywanttobesafeontheroad.A.followB.breakC.makeD.plan,A,C,2,系动词,系动词本身有词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和表语（形容词、名词或介词/短语）一起构成系表结构，说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。常见的系动词如,6.Thissilkdress_sosmooth.ItmustbemadeinChina.A.soundsB.feelsC.seemsD.tastes7.Theweatherinspring_warmerandwarmer.A.staysB.becomesC.growsD.touches8.Sh_toostrictwithherchildren.A.seemsB.appearsC.remainsD.feels,考点小练,B,B,A,3,近、反义动词的辨析,常见的反义动词accept接受refuse拒绝ask问answer/reply回答win赢lose输begin开始end结束/finish完成borrow借入lend借出buy买sell卖get/find找到/获得lose丢失pass通过fail未通过push推pull拉laugh笑cry哭like/love喜欢/爱hate讨厌remember记住forget忘记send寄出receive收到sleep睡觉wake醒来stop停止continue/keep继续bring带来take带走,常见的近义动词win,beat(详解见本书P60)dress,wear,puton,(be)in（详解见本书P24）speak,tell,talk,say(讲解见本书P23)（2017兰州53题）borrow，lend,keep(讲解见本书P102)spend，take，cost，pay(讲解见本书P34)（2017省卷47题）hear，listen，sound(讲解见本书P41)give，provide，offer，supply(讲解见本书P61)receive，accept(讲解见本书P84)take,bring,carry,fetch(讲解见本书P14)watch，look,see，read(讲解见本书P14)reach,arrive,gettoattend,join,joinin,takepartin(讲解见本书P157),9.Itstoonoisy.Wecouldnt_eachotherclearly.A.listenB.soundC.hearD.speak10.Youreallyshouldnt_somuchmoneyonit.A.costB.spendC.payD.take11.Fatherwont_ustotouchanythinginhisroomwhenheisaway.Hethinksthatwemaybreaksomethingup.A.receiveB.allowC.sendD.stop12.Nomatterwhatyoumay_,hewillnotbelieveyou.A.talkB.tellC.readD.say13.Weall_everythingwesaw.Becauseseeingisbelieving.A.doubtB.agreeC.believeD.disagree,考点小练,B,C,C,D,B,4,动词短语,同一动词型（2017省卷31题，2017兰州31题）1.take短语takeexercise锻炼takecareof照顾takeoff脱掉；（飞机等）起飞takeout取出takepartin参加takeashower洗澡，淋浴takepridein感到自豪takealook看一下2.do/make短语makeprogress取得进步dosomereading/readabook读书，阅读dohomework做家庭作业makemoney挣钱，赚钱dosports做运动3.look短语lookafter照顾lookdown看,lookup抬头lookout向外看同一介词/副词型1.up短语getup起床lookup查找mixup混合putup张贴；举起turnup出现；调高giveup放弃pickup捡起setup搭建growup长大statup熬夜2.at短语lookat看laughat嘲笑shoutat对大喊smileat对微笑3.for短语lookfor寻找payfor付款leavefor前往waitfor等待4.back短语turnback返回getback找回lookback向后看giveback返还,不同动词+不同介词/副词talkabout谈论careabout在意，关心thinkof想起；想到hearof听说giveaway赠送；分发findout查明shoutat冲大声叫standfor代表其他型(动词+名词)washyoursocks洗袜子singasong唱歌get/buyaspecialgift/present购买特别的礼物goforawalk散步,14.Thisfoodisfree.Youdonthaveto_it.A.lookforB.payforC.askforD.waitfor15.Janeisverybusythesedays,forshehasalotofproblemsto_.A.dealwithB.keepupwithC.agreewithD.comeupwith16.Ourcountryistakingactionto_airpollution.A.cutdownB.cutupC.cutoutD.cutoff,考点小练,B,A,A,
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