ww干细胞研究与应用.ppt

专题五干细胞研究与应用的人文观,报告人：张黎/严莉,一、干细胞伦理问题,世界观对干细胞研究的阻力作用。克隆技术对西方世界观的冲击和恐慌。世界各国通过实验技术解决伦理问题。在科学与伦理中找到平衡。,干细胞应用的法律、伦理道德问题,Relationshipproblems,KinshipproblemswithinthefamilySocialrelationshipsRelationshipproblemswithinthefamily,Itstoorisky,Atpresent,itisexperimentalandunpredictableCarriesahighriskofabnormalityintheresultingchildPutboththecelldonorandthebirthmotheratriskHighfailurerate,WeshouldnotplayGod!,Naturehasdevisedtheproperwaytomakebabies,andweshouldntinterferewithnaturallawbydoingitinadifferentwayAchildconceivedinthenormalwayisauniqueproductoftheunionofitsmotherandfather;andisnotageneticreplicaofeitherparent.Innormalprocreation,thegenesofachildaredeterminedbychancethroughthefruitfulunionoftwopeople,Itinvolvesmurderingembryos,Cloninginevitablyinvolvesthrowingawaysomefertilizedembryos,andatthecurrentstageofdevelopmentmanyoftheembryosselectedtolivefailtodevelopandeventuallydiebeforebirth,Humancloningmaycauseunexpecteddemographicchanges,CloningcouldaltertheratioofmalesandfemalesinthepopulationCloningcouldacceleratethemoveawayfromthetwoparentfamilyCloningcouldaltertheageofparentsrelativetotheirchildren,byallowingpeopletohavechildrenatalaterageIftherewasgeneralagreementonthesortofpeoplewhoweredesirable,societycouldbecomemorehomogeneous,GeneticBiodiversity,Whyshouldhumansworryaboutdiversity?Manytraitsarebeinglinkedtogeneticswhichwerepreviouslythoughtobeunrelatedincludinganger,intelligenceandobesity.,DiversityallowsourspeciestoflourishExceptionalindividualssuchasEinsteinDeVincihavegreatlymoldedtheadvancementofhumansociety.GeneticDiversityisessentialtodiseaseresistance(survivalofthespecies)AIDS,Plague(CCR5),OtherGeneticDiversityProblems,Othergeneticproblemscouldariseinaclonalsociety,inbreedingClonesofclonescouldpicksimilartothoseobservedinupmutationsthrougheachpassage.MutationsinhaplosufficientgenesMutationsinhaploinsufficientgenes,二、生命科学研究的道德观,科学研究的公共安全问题1毒物、放射物品的处置与防护2致病微生物的防止扩散问题3对周围环境的影响问题4构建实验室应急处置机制5制度化完善实验室管理,实验室中的人际关系1实验室内的协作精神2对公共实验设备、仪器的维护3实验室内的公共道德问题4完成实验的团队精神5处置实验室内科研实验内容的知识产权问题（专利、论文发表、成果排名、致谢）6实验室内公私分明的人际关系,科学研究的诚信问题1实验数据、成果的诚信问题2造假对科学研究的危害3国内学术造假案例.4利用自然辩证法原理（恩格斯），知道科研工作者的科学实验,科学应用中的职业道德问题1对生命尊重的原则（人、动物）2科学应用的合法性（避免用于非法用途）,科学工作者的素质,作为科研工作者，首先要先学会做人，不断提高个人的道德和素质。做事，要有崇高的理想和目标，同事要实事求是。科学工作者的个人道德和素质，是在不断的科学研究探索中培养的。对于高水平，低人品的“科学家”是受唾弃的。,