高考英语总复习 第1部分 基础考点聚焦 Unit 1 Learning to Be知能演练轻松闯关 重庆大学版必修2

Unit 1 Learning to Be.单句语法填空1. In my opinion，honesty is the most important part of (friend)，because I hate being cheated.答案：friendship2. In view the present situation，well have to change our original plan.答案：of3. A good listener takes part in the conversation， (offer)ideas and raising questions to keep the talk flowing.答案：offering4Throughout the book they give you examples of different (cultural) and how they do things.答案：cultures5You can make a (complain) to the local government unless you are happy with the way they deal with the matter.答案：complaint6His writing is so (confuse)that its difficult to make out what it is he is trying to express.答案：confusing7What he said sounded (interest), but it was not true.答案：interesting8Much their delight，they found that he was gradually recovering.答案：to9The cemetery and memorial are situated on a cliff (overlook)the beach and the English Channel.答案：overlooking10It is believed that Monkey King is just an (imagine) character in the novel.答案：imaginary.阅读理解(2016豫北、豫东十所名校联考)The way we cook is important.In many countries，the two choices are natural gas and electricpowered stoves.The World Health Organization warns that millions of people are dying every year from indoor air pollution which results from the use of dangerous fuels and cookstoves in the home.Most of the deaths are in developing countries.To help fight the problem，the WHO announced new guidelines aimed at reducing household pollutants.The WHOs plan of action for reducing indoor pollutants is based on new findings，which show that the use of toxic(有毒的)fuels in inefficient stoves，space heaters or lights is to blame for many of these deaths.Carlos Dora，an official in the WHO，says people should not use unprocessed coal indoors.He says，“Opening a window or door to let out the harmful air will not correct the situation.It will only pollute the outdoors.You cant expect that a bit of ventilation(通风) is going to get rid of this. It is really about clean technologies and clean fuels.And，the fuel store has not been stressed enough so far in the global debate.So，that is the new thing.We should be going for clean fuels，avoiding coal and going for the solar.”WHO officials say indoor pollution leads to early deaths from stroke，heart and lung disease and childhood lung cancer.These diseases can often result from high levels of fine particulate matter and carbon monoxide(一氧化碳) released by the burning of solid fuels.These fuels include wood，coal，animal waste，crop waste and charcoal.Women and girls are the main victims.The United Nations found that more than 95 percent of households in subSaharan Africa depend on solid fuels for cooking.It says huge populations in India，China and Latin American countries，such as Guatemala and Peru，are also at risk.WHO experts note some new，safe and lowcost technologies that could help are already available.But this is just a start.They are urging developing countries to use cleaner fuels and increase access to cleaner and more modern cooking and heating appliances.【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文。在室内使用固体燃料会使室内一氧化碳浓度升高，从而导致中毒死亡。为解决此问题，世界卫生组织建议在发展中国家增加使用更清洁、更现代化的烹饪和加热设备。1The reason for indoor air pollution is Astill unknownBthe use of solar energyCthe use of dangerous fuels and cookstovesDthe frequent use of fuels in efficient stovesC解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The World Health Organization warns that millions of people are dying every year from indoor air pollution which results from the use of dangerous fuels and cookstoves in the home.”可知，世界卫生组织警告说，每年有成千上万的人死于家里使用的危险燃料和烹调炉引起的室内空气污染。故C项正确。2Who may be the least affected by indoor air pollution?AChildren in China.BMen in Europe.CGirls in subSaharan Africa.DWomen in Latin American countries.B解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Most of the deaths are in developing countries.”可知，绝大部分的死亡事故发生在发展中国家；根据倒数第二段最后一句“It says huge populations in India，China and Latin American countries.are also at risk.”可知，印度、中国以及拉丁美洲的一些国家污染严重；根据倒数第三段最后一句可知，女性是主要受害者，由此可推知，欧洲男子最不容易因室内空气污染而死亡。故B项正确；A、C、D三项都属于发展中国家的人，这些地区污染严重，故最可能因此而死亡。3Solutions to the indoor air pollution problem include going for animal waste and coalusing clean fuelsincreasing access to cleaner and more modern cooking and heating appliancesopening a window or door to let out the harmful airABC DC解析：细节理解题。根据本文最后一句中的“to use cleaner fuels and increase access to cleaner and more modern cooking and heating appliances”可知，增加使用更清洁、更现代化的烹饪和加热设备是解决问题的方法之一，故、正确；根据第五段最后两句可知，室内污染主要来自于固体燃料的使用而导致的室内一氧化碳浓度升高，这些固体燃料包括煤炭，动物排泄物，木头等，所以不在范围内；根据第四段第二句可知不正确。故C项正确。4Whats the main idea of this passage?AHealth is very important to people in developing countries.BPeople in developing countries are dying from air pollution.CPeople in developing countries know too little about science and technology.DProper cooking ways help reduce the deaths in developing countries.D解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“The way we cook is important.”及第二段最后一句“To help fight the problem，the WHO announced new guidelines aimed at reducing household pollutants.”并结合全文内容可知，本文主要说明了正确的烹饪方法将减轻发展中国家的室内污染，从而减少死亡事故的发生。故D项正确。.完形填空(2016郑州质检)A woman professor walked around in a classroom while she was teaching stress management to her students.As she 1 a glass of water，everyone 2 they would be asked the“halfempty or halffull”question. 3 ，with a smile on her face，she asked，“How 4 is this glass of water？”Answers called out 5 from eight to twenty ounces(盎司)She quieted the students down and then replied，“The absolute weight doesnt 6 .It all depends on how long I hold it.If I hold it for a minute，its not a 7 If I hold it for an hour，Ill have an ache in my 8 If I hold it for a day，my arm will feel 9 and paralyzed.In each case，the 10 of the glass of water doesnt change，but the longer I hold it，the heavier it becomes.Do you know why？”All the students kept silent and listened carefully，lost in thought.She continued，“Our 11 and worries in life are like that glass of water.Think about them for a while and 12 happens.Think about them a bit longer and they begin to 13 And if you think about them all day long，you will feel paralyzed 14 to do anything.”Its important to remember to 15 your stresses.As early in the evening as possible，put all your 16 down.Dont carry them through the evening and into the night.Remember to put the glass down!More often than not life gets terrible 17 we think too much.And the moment you remove your burden，youll find yourself feeling so much more 18 So rather than moping around(闲逛) and feeling sorry for yourself， 19 doing something about it.After all，life is too short to 20 yourself to anything thats not making you happy.【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过女教授让学生观察一杯水的重量的事例，告诉读者：要卸下压力和负担，才能活得更放松。1A.raised Bserved CdrankDdemandedA解析：根据第三段中的“It all depends on how long I hold it.”可知，这位女教授端着一杯水。raise意为“举起”；serve意为“服务”；drink意为“喝，饮”；demand意为“要求”。故选A。2A.argued Bwondered Cexpected DagreedC解析：句意：每个人都认为他们会被问到“杯子是半空还是半满”的问题。argue意为“争论”；wonder意为“想知道”；expect意为“预料”；agree意为“同意”。故选C。3A.Meanwhile BInstead CAnyhow DThereforeB解析：根据上文“they would be asked thehalfempty or halffullquestion”可知，每个人都预料会被问到“杯子是半空还是半满”的问题，相反，教授面带着微笑问道“这杯水有多重？”。meanwhile意为“同时”；instead意为“相反”；anyhow意为“无论如何”；therefore意为“因此”。故选B。4A.much Bfull ClittleDheavyD解析：根据第三段中的“The absolute weight doesnt ”可知，教授的问题是：“这杯水有多重？”much意为“大量的”；full意为“满的”；little意为“少的”；heavy意为“重的”。故选D。5A.ranged Breplied Cread DremainedA解析：根据下文“from eight to twenty ounces(盎司)”可知，喊出的答案从八盎司到二十盎司不等。range意为“(在内)变动，变化”；reply意为“回答”；read意为“读”；remain意为“保持”。故选A。6A.affect Bdrop Cmatter DworkC解析：根据下文“It all depends on how long I hold it.”可知，绝对重量并不重要。affect意为“影响”；drop意为“下降”；matter意为“重要，要紧”；work意为“工作，起作用”。故选C。7A.success Bpoint Cskill DproblemD解析：根据常识可知，如果举一分钟，那不是问题。success意为“成功”；point意为“要点，得分”；skill意为“技术，技巧”；problem意为“问题”。故选D。8A.hand Barm Cneck DbackB解析：根据下文“If I hold it for a day，my arm will feel ”可知，如果举一个小时，手臂就会疼。hand意为“手”；arm意为“手臂”；neck意为“脖子”；back意为“背部”。故选B。9A.steady Bsensitive Cnervous DnumbD解析：根据下文中的“paralyzed”可知，如果举一天，“我”的手臂会感到麻木、无力。steady意为“稳定的”；sensitive意为“敏感的”；nervous意为“紧张不安的”；numb意为“麻木的”。故选D。10A.weight BshapeCfunction DsizeA解析：根据下文“but the longer I hold it，the heavier it becomes”可知，每一种情况下，这杯水的重量都没有改变，但是“我”举的时间越长，它就会变得越重。weight意为“重量”；shape意为“形状”；function意为“功能”；size意为“大小”。故选A。11A.surprisesBjoys Cstresses DdoubtsC解析：根据上文“she was teaching stress management to her students”可知，“我们”生活中的压力和烦恼就像那杯水一样。surprise意为“惊奇”；joy意为“欢乐”；stress意为“压力”；doubt意为“怀疑”。故选C。12A.everything Bnothing Canything DsomethingB解析：根据上文“If I hold it for a minute，its not a ”可知，教授把生活中的压力和烦恼比作那杯水。只思考一会儿压力和烦恼的话，没什么事。everything意为“一切”；nothing意为“无事，无物”；anything意为“任何事”；something意为“某事，某物”。故选B。13A.improve Bhurt Cchange DadjustB解析：根据上文“If I hold it for an hour，Ill have an ache in my ”可知，思考时间稍长一点的话，它们就会开始伤害你。improve意为“改善”；hurt意为“使疼痛，使受伤”；change意为“改变”；adjust意为“调整”。故选B。14A.uncertainBafraid Cunable DavailableC解析：根据上文“you will feel paralyzed”可知，如果你整天都在思考压力和烦恼的话，你就会感到麻木什么都做不了。uncertain意为“不确定的”；afraid意为“害怕的”；unable意为“未能的，无能力的”；available意为“可得到的”。故选C。15A.catch up with Btake charge of Cput up with Dlet go ofD解析：根据下文“Dont carry them through the evening and into the night.”可知，释放压力很重要。catch up with意为“赶上，追上”；take charge of意为“接管，负责”；put up with意为“忍受，容忍”；let go of意为“放手，释放”。故选D。16A.burdens Bthoughts Chardships DfeelingsA解析：根据下文“Dont carry them through the evening and into the night.”可知，要尽早放下你的负担。burden意为“负担”；thought意为“思想”；hardship意为“苦难，困苦”；feeling意为“感觉，感情”。故选A。17A.when Btill Cunless DthoughA解析：根据本句“More often than not life gets terrible we think too much.”可知，通常是当我们思考太多的时候，生活就会变得糟糕。空格后作时间状语。when意为“当时”；till意为“直到”；unless意为“除非”；though意为“虽然，尽管”。故选A。18A.excited Bworried Csatisfied DrelaxedD解析：根据上文“And the moment you remove your burden”可知，一旦你摆脱了负担，就会感到非常轻松。excited意为“兴奋的”；worried意为“担心的”；satisfied意为“满意的”；relaxed意为“放松的”。故选D。19A.keepBfinishCstart DriskC解析：根据上文“So rather than moping around(闲逛)and feeling sorry for yourself”及下文“life is too short”可知，与其闷闷不乐，顾影自怜，不如开始为此做点什么。keep意为“保持”；finish意为“完成”；start意为“开始”；risk意为“冒的危险”。故选C。20A.helpBabandon CthrowDcommitB解析：根据上文“So rather than moping around(闲逛)and feeling sorry for yourself”可知，生命太短暂，不能沉湎于让你不高兴的事情中。help意为“帮助”；abandon意为“放弃”；throw意为“投，抛”；commit意为“犯(罪)，做出(错事)”。abandon oneself to意为“沉湎于”，为固定短语，符合语境。故选B。.语法填空(2016威海市高三模拟)Our earth is in trouble.Our drinking water is becoming dirtier，and the air is not as clear as before.People and 1. (factory) are polluting the air，rivers，lakes and seas.You might think there is nothing you can do 2. (help)Thats not true.There are many things you can do.A lot of CO2 3. (produce) into the air when cars burn gasoline.Some people believe that CO2 makes the earth warmer.They think CO2 thins the clouds above us.The clouds keep us away from 4. strongest sunlight.So try to walk，ride a bicycle 5. take a bus.And if you drive a car，drive at a steady speed.This can save some gasoline.The biggest energy use at home is for keeping warm or cool.So turn the air conditioner 6. when you dont need to use it.Use lights that save energy.Use fewer things 7. cannot be used again.When you buy something，consider those 8. (make) from things that can be used again first.Taking a shower often 9. (need) a lot of water.In one week an American family uses as much water for showers as a person drinks in three years！Buy a waterworks that uses 10. water，or take shorter showers.This can cut the use of water.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了我们应如何做些力所能及的事来应对日益恶化的环境问题。1factories解析：考查名词复数。由句意可知，人们和工厂在污染空气、江河湖泊和海洋。故此处应泛指所有的工厂，factory是可数名词，故填factories。2to help解析：考查非谓语动词。“you can do”是nothing的定语从句，关系代词that在从句中作宾语，被省略，故此处应用不定式作目的状语。故填to help。3is produced解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境“when.”提示可知，本句是一个主从复合句，空格处作主句的谓语。主句主语“CO2”和produce构成逻辑上的被动关系，且根据从句中时态“burn”可知，此处应用一般现在时的被动语态。CO2是不可数名词，故填is produced。4the解析：考查冠词。根据空格后的“strongest”提示可知，此处表示最高级的概念，故填定冠词the。5or解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，此处表示逻辑上的并列选择关系。故填or。6off解析：考查副词。固定短语turn off意为“关掉”，与语境“when you dont need to use it”相呼应。故填off。7that解析：考查定语从句引导词。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句“cannot be used again”，在从句中作主语，指代先行词“things”，且先行词前有“fewer”修饰，不能用which。故填that。8made解析：考查非谓语动词。make和句子谓语“consider”之间没有连词，故用其非谓语动词形式。make和其逻辑主语“those”构成逻辑上的被动关系，故用其过去分词形式作后置定语。故填made。9needs解析：考查主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空格处作句子的谓语；动名词、不定式或主语从句在句子中作主语时，句子谓语用单数形式。故填needs。10less解析：考查形容词比较级。与语境“shorter”形成呼应，此处应用否定含义的比较级形式，表示“少用水”，故填less。