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,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,第,二,部分,语法专题,研究,专题十 非谓语动词,1,1.I can,t tell you what she said.Ive promised _ it a secret.,A.keep B.to keep C.keeping D.kept,B,中考试练,2,2.You should ask Bob _ his own clothes.He is ten years old now.,wash B.washesC.washingD.to wash,3.Taiji is my favourite and I often play it _healthy.,A.to keep B.keepsC.keepingD.kept,D,A,3,4.I would never regret _ Joe the truth that had happened to him.Becasue he should learn to face the reality.,A.tell B.to tellC.tellingD.told,C,4,非谓语是昆明中考的常考点，主要考查动词不定式和动名词，在单项填空、完形填空和单词填空题型中均有涉及。考生在做此类试题时应先分析本题该用谓语动词还是非谓语动词，下面列举几种常见的判定是否使用非谓语动词形式的方法：,满分突破,5,1.当句子缺少谓语时，该动词就用谓语动词形式。一般情况下，动词作谓语放在主语之后，如“I admire you.”中，admire就是谓语动词。,2.当句中已有谓语动词又没有并列连词与所填动词并列时，该动词就用非谓语动词形式。非谓语动词可以在句子中作除谓语以外的任何成分，,如主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语及插入语。具体各成分的用法详见后面的讲解。,6,1.动词不定式的构成,动词不定式的基本形式为：to+动词原形（不定式符号to有时可以省略），其否定形式为：not to+动词原形。,动词不定式（2017昆明25题，2012昆明29题）,7,功能,例句,作主语,To learn math well is difficult for us.学好数学对我们来说是困难的。,作表语,Her job is to do the dishes.她的工作是洗盘子。,2,.动词不定式的句法功能,8,功能,例句,作宾语(包括疑问词+动词不定式),They decided to visit the Great Lakes.他们决定参观五大湖。,Could you tell me how to deal with the problem?你能告诉我怎样解决这个问题吗？,9,功能,例句,作宾语补足语,Hard seats make customers want to eat quickly and leave.坚硬的座椅使顾客想要快点吃完离开。,作定语,I have a lot of books to read.我有很多书要读。,10,功能,例句,作状语,He opened the door for her to come in.他打开门让她进来。（目的状语）,I,m sorry to hear that your mother is ill.听说你妈妈生病了我很难过。（原因状语）,11,（,1,）作主语。不定式作主语时，往往用形式主语,it,代替，作为句子真正主语的动词不定式则被后置。常用句型：,Its+adj.+for/of sb.,to do sth.,。,（,2,）作表语。常放于系动词,be,之后。如：,To see is to believe.,眼见为实,(,百闻不如一见,),。,12,（,3,）作宾语。,一些谓语动词后常用动词不定式作宾语，常见的这类词通常是表示命令、打算或希望的。具体如下：,afford to do sth.,负担得起做某事,13,agree to do sth.,同意做某事,continue to do sth.,继续做（另一件）事,decide to do sth.,决定做某事,expect to do sth.,期望做某事,learn to do sth.,学习做某事,14,manage to do sth.,设法做某事,plan to do sth.,计划做某事,prefer to do sth.,宁愿,/,更喜欢做某事,promise to do sth.,承诺做某事,refuse to do sth.,拒绝做某事,15,want/would like to do sth.,想要做某事,wish/hope to do sth.,希望做某事,在,find,think,等后跟动词不定式作宾语时，常用,it,作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语（动词不定式）放在句末。如：,16,I find it useful to read English every day.,我发现每天读英语非常有用。,（,4,）作宾语补足语。常见的后面接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：,17,advise sb.to do sth.,建议某人做某事,allow sb.to do sth.,允许某人做某事,ask sb.to do sth.,要求某人做某事,encourage sb.to do sth.,鼓励某人做某事,expect sb.to do sth.,期望某人做某事,force sb.to do sth.,强迫某人做某事,18,invite sb.to do sth.,邀请某人做某事,persuade sb.to do sth.,说服某人做某事,teach sb.to do sth.,教某人做某事,tell sb.to do sth.,告诉某人做某事,want sb.to do sth.,想要某人做某事,wish sb.to do sth.,希望某人做某事,19,（,5,）作定语。动词不定式作定语时，要置于被修饰的名词之后，作后置定语。如：,I am not free now.I have lots of things to do.,我现在没有空。我有很多事要做。,（,6,）作状语。如：,I,cleaned the yard for my kids to play.,我打扫了院子供孩子们玩耍。,20,I was surprised to find that my shoes were washed by someone.,我惊奇地发现有人把我的鞋洗了。,3.,动词不定式的特殊句型,too.to.,意为“太,而不能,”,。,.enough to.,意为“,足够,”,。,21,Why dont you+do sth.,？,=Why not+do sth.,？意为“为什么不做某事呢？”,had better+,（,not,）,+do sth.,。意为“最好（不要）做某事”。,Will/Could you please+do sth.?,意为可以做,吗？,prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.,意为“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”。,22,4.,省略,to,的情况,常见省略,to,的动词有“一感、二听、三让、四看”，具体如下：,(1),常见的感官动词有：,feel,感到、,hear/listen to,听到、,see,、,watch,、,notice,、,look at,看到，即（一感、二听、四看）；,23,感官动词后既可接不带,to,的动词不定式，也可接动名词,;,接不带,to,的动词不定式时指“（看到、听到、见到）全过程”，接动名词时指“瞬间动作”。如：,I heard the girl singing in the next room.,我听到那个女孩正在隔壁房间里唱歌。,I always hear the girl sing in the next room.,我经常听到那个女孩在隔壁房间里唱歌。,24,(2),常见跟不带,to,的动词不定式作宾补的还有使役动词,let/make/have,（三让）；此外，,help,后可带,to,，也可省略,to,，,help sb.,（,to,）,do sth.,帮助某人做某事。,注意：这类动词在用于被动语态结构时，需还原动词不定式符号,to,。,25,1,.,动名词的句法功能,功能,例句,主语,Eating too much is bad for your health.,过量饮食对你的健康有害,表语,His hobby is collecting stamps.他的爱好是集邮。,动名词（9年5考）,26,功能,例句,定语,We should improve our teaching methods.,我们应该改进我们的教学方法。,宾语,动词宾语,I like playing basketball very much.,我非常喜欢打篮球。,介词宾语,Stamps are used for sending letters.,邮票是用来寄信的。,27,2.,常考固定搭配,consider doing sth.,考虑做某事,enjoy doing sth.,喜欢做某事,finish doing sth.,做完某事,28,mind doing sth.,介意做某事,practice doing sth.,练习做某事,be busy doing sth.,忙于做某事,be worth doing sth.,值得做某事,cant/couldnt help doing sth.,情不自禁做某事,29,feel like doing sth.,想要做某事,get/be used to doing sth.,习惯做某事,give up doing sth.,放弃做某事,have trouble problem/difficulties(in)doing sth.,做某事有麻烦,/,问题,/,困难,30,look forward to doing sth.,盼望做某事,spend time,（,in,）,doing sth.,花费时间做某事,suggest doing sth.,建议做某事,(3),既可接动词不定式又可接动名词的动词,begin/start doing sth.,开始正在做的事,begin/start to do sth.,开始去做另外一件事,31,forget doing sth.,忘了做过某事（已做）,forget to do sth.,忘了去做某事（未做）,go on to do sth.,继续做另外一件事,go on doing sth.,继续正在做的事,mean to do sth.,打算做某事,mean doing sth.,意味着,32,need doing sth.,某事需要被做（被动含义）,need to do sth.,需要去做某事（主动含义）,regret to do sth.,很遗憾去做某事（未做）,regret doing sth.,后悔做了某事（已做）,remember doing sth.,记得做过某事（已做）,remember to do sth.,记得去做某事（未做）,33,stop doing sth.,停止正在做的事,stop to do sth.,停下来去做另一件事,try doing sth.,尝试做某事,try to do sth.,尽力做某事,34,
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