高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解演练（五）1（含解析）1

广东海丰县2017高考英语一轮阅读理解演练（五）完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Perhaps youve attended some parties. But like New York，where a party or dinner often _1_ business with pleasure, a Washington party is a _2_ part of the business of politics, the business of making _3_ connections.Some Washington parties have a _4_ aura (气氛) about them, depending on who gives them and who is there, but most parties are open-house _5_ in fact, with the hosts not knowing most of the _6_ who are there.I went to a few of these parties _7_ I wanted to see the inside of some of the Washington mansions (公馆) I had _8_ so much about. Almost every time during the evening some man would come close to talk with me _9_, we didnt know each other at all. Such a _10_ exchange clearly proves “a gathering of friends” _11_ Washington party standards. You dont even need an _12_ to attend many Washington parties. You just have to know about them. No Washington hostess would _13_ her servants to ask you who you were. Most of the bigger parties, those with 300 or 400 guests, _14_ to impress somebody, and Washingtonians _15_.Most members of the Congress ,for example, _16_ middle-class backgrounds in smaller communities _17_ the country. They are dazzled (眼花缭乱的) by _18_. They are dazzled by big names. They are ready to help Washington _19_ hostesses. They go along with them because they are good friends or they dont notice that they _20_ or they dont care if they are.1. A. follows B. connects C. mixes D. goes2. A. daily B. necessary C. chief D. cheap3. A. still B. cruel C. mental D. important4. A. social B. nervous C. terrible D. simple5. A. events B. affairs C. conferences D. games6. A. guests B. customers C. guards D. guides7. A. so that B. in order that C. as if D. because8. A. found B. noticed C. heard D. wrote9. A. since B. though C. when D. whether10. A. common B. strict C. public D. special11. A. including B. comparing with C. according to D. depending on12. A. invitation B. envelope C. instrument D. acceptance13. A. refuse B. allow C. agree D. warn14. A. are given B. give C. are supplied D. supply15. A. easily forget B. hardly remember C. easily impress D. are easily impressed16. A. hear from B. write to C. come from D. call out17. A. over B. below C. between D. across18. A. money B. equal C. freedom D. discussion19. A. strange B. famous C. poor D. stupid20. A. are using B. are being used C. are obeying D. are being obeyed【由湖南省2014高考十三校联考第二次考试改编】阅读理解。阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。WASHINGTON The head of the World Bank says for the first time in human history, it is possible to end poverty around the worldJim Yong Kim told a Washington audience Tuesday, he wants to make ending world poverty by 2030 a top goal for the bank and governments around the worldWorld Bank President Jim Yong Kim says that the problems of poverty, hunger and inequality are wide, urgent and a matter of survival of millionsWe know that despite the great successes of the last decade, there are still about 13 billion people living in extreme poverty, 870 million who go hungry every day, and 69 million children under five dying every year, he saidBut Kim told a Washington audience that the previous successful efforts to cut the number of people living in extreme poverty by half give them hopeWe are at an auspicious moment in history, when the successes of past decades and an increasingly favourable economic outlook （前景:） combine to give developing countries a chance-for the first time ever-to end extreme poverty within a generation, he said in a speech at Georgetown UniversityOur duty now must be to ensure that these favourable circumstances are matched with deliberate decisions to realize this historic opportunityKim says success will require increasing the speed of economic growth, particularly in South Africa and South AsiaBut he warned that civil unrest （动乱） could happen if economic growth does not help people at all income levels, and also include women and youthKim says that the World Bank and other development agencies will have more resources to get this job done rightMeeting this 2030 goal will take extraordinary effort, he saidHowever, Kim warned that all the progress in fighting poverty could be destroyed by climate disasters unless the nations of the world do more to prevent climate change1In the opinion of Jim Yong Kim, world poverty _Ais not quite hard to end by 2030Bexists only in Africa and AsiaCis difficult but hopeful to end by 2030Dwill be sure to disappear by 20302Which of the following gives Jim Yong Kim the hope to end world poverty?AA decreasing number of people are living in povertyBGreat successes have been achieved in science and technologyCEconomic growth is increasing in developing countriesDAll countries have started to fight poverty3The underlined word auspicious in Paragraph 5 most probably means _Aunforgettable BluckyCdisappearing Dimportant4According to Jim Yong Kim, in order to end world poverty, _Awe must prevent civil unrest from happeningBwe cant ignore the needs of women and youthCwe must make more people realize the importance of fighting povertyDthe countries across the world must work together to stop climate change5What s the passage mainly about?AThe key of ending world poverty is preventing climate changeBA top goal - ending world poverty will possibly be achieved by 2030CThe success of ending poverty - economic growthDThe progress in fighting poverty【参考答案】1-5、CABDB 阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 We know the famous onesthe Thomas Edisons and the Alexander Graham Bellsbut what about the less famous inventors? What about the people who invented the traffic light and the windshield wiper(雨刮器)？Shouldnt we know who they are?Joan McLean thinks so. In fact, McLean, a professor of physics at Mountain University in Range, feels so strongly about this matter that shes developed a course on the topic. In addition to learning “who”invented“what”， however, McLean also likes her students to learn the answers to the“why” and “how” questions. According to McLean，“When students learn the answers to these questions, they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try.”Her students agree. One young man with a patent for an unbreakable umbrella is walking proof of McLeans statement. “If I had not heard the story of the windshield wipers invention，”said Tommy Lee, a senior physics major，“I never would have dreamed of turning my bad experience during a rainstorm into something so constructive.”Lee is currently negotiating to sell his patent to an umbrella producer.So, just what is the story behind the windshield wiper? Well，Mary Anderson came up with the idea in 1902 after a visit to New York City.The day was cold and stormy, but Anderson still wanted to see the sights，so she jumped aboard a streetcar. Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering the windshield，she found herself wondering why there couldnt be a builtin device for cleaning the window. Still wondering about this when she returned home to Birmingham, Alabama, Anderson started drafting out solutions. One of her ideas, a lever(操作杆)on the inside of a vehicle that would control an arm on the outside, became the first windshield wiper.Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations. Its hard to imagine driving without Garrett AMorgans traffic light. Its equally impossible to picture a world without Katherine JBlodgetts innovation that makes glass invisible. Can you picture life without clear windows and eyeglasses?大发明家与重要的发明固然令人振奋，但生活中也离不开小发明，本篇文章鼓励年轻人要善于把握发明的契机。9By mentioning “traffic light”and “windshield wiper”，the author indicates that countless inventions are_.A. beneficial，because their inventors are famousB. beneficial，though their inventors are less famousC. not useful, because their inventors are less famousD. not useful, though their inventors are famous答案：B。细节理解题。由文章最后一段，特别是第一句“Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations.”可知信号灯和雨刮器等这些小的发明使我们受益。第一段最后一句“Shouldnt we know who they are？”意思是“难道我们不该知道他们(发明者)是谁吗？”可知发明者不怎么出名。10Professor Joan McLeans course aims to_.A. add colour and variety to students campus lifeB. inform students of the windshield wipers inventionC. carry out the requirements by Mountain UniversityD. prepare students to try their own inventions答案：D。细节理解题。由第二段内容，特别是最后一句“.When students learn the answers to these questions, they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try.”可知D项最佳。11Tommy Lees invention of the unbreakable umbrella was_.A. not eventually accepted by the umbrella producer B. inspired by the story behind the windshield wiper C. due to his dream of being caught in a rainstormD. not related to Professor Joan McLeans lectures答案：B。细节理解题。由第三段中Tommy Lee的话“If I had not heard the story of the windshield wipers invention.I never would have dreamed of turning my bad experience during a rainstorm into something so constructive.”可知他的发明是因为受到雨刮器的发明故事的启发。12Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage?A. How to Help Students to Sell Their Inventions to Producers?B. How to Design a Builtin Device for Cleaning the Window?C. Shouldnt We Know Who Invented the Windshield Wiper?D. Shouldnt We Develop Invention Courses in Universities? 答案：C。主旨大意题。全文讲述一些重要的发明，虽不为人知，却非常有益，借以鼓励年轻人要善于把握发明的契机。其他选项都比较片面。阅读理解- (2011辽宁卷，B)阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。About 21,000 young people in 17 American states do not attend classes in school buildings.Instead，they receive their elementary (初等) and high school education by working at home on computers.The Center for Education Reform says the United States has 67 public“cyberschools”，and that is about twice as many as two years ago.The money for students to attend a cyberschool comes from the governments of the states where they live.Some educators say cyberschools receive money that should support traditional public schools.They also say it is difficult to know if students are learning well.Other educators praise this new form of education for letting students work at their own speed.These people say cyberschools help students who were unhappy or unsuccessful in traditional schools.They say learning at home by computer ends long bus rides for children who live far from school.Whatever the judgment of cyberschools，they are getting more and more popular.For example，a new cyberschool called Commonwealth Connections Academy will take in students this fall.It will serve children in the state of Pennsylvania from ages five through thirteen.Children get free equipment for their online education.This includes a computer，a printer，books and technical services.Parents and students talk with teachers by telephone or by sending emails through their computers when necessary.Students at cyberschools usually do not know one another.But 56 such students who finished studies at Western Pennsylvania Cyber Charter School recently met for the first time.They were guests of honor at their graduation.本文讲述了美国很多年轻人不去学校学，而是在家参加网络学习。教育家对网络学校持不同的看法。有些教育家认为很难知道网络学习质量的好坏。有些教育家认为网络学习可按学生自己的速度进行，且不用坐车去上学。不管怎样，网络学习越来越受欢迎。13What do we know from the text about students of a cyberschool?AThey have to take long bus rides to school.BThey study at home rather than in classrooms.CThey receive money from traditional public schools.DThey do well in traditional school programs.答案：B。细节理解题。根据短文第一段第一、二句可知，学生不用去学校而是在家里通过电脑学习。14What is a problem with cyberschools?ATheir equipment costs a lot of money.BThey get little support from the state government.CIt is hard to know students progress in learning.DThe students find it hard to make friends.答案：C。细节理解题。根据短文第二段最后一句话可知：很难知道网络学习的好坏。15Cyberschools are getting popular because_.Athey are less expensive for studentsBtheir students can work at their own speedCtheir graduates are more successful in societyDthey serve students in a wider age range答案：B。细节理解题。根据短文第三段第一句话可知，网络学习的好处是学生可按自己的速度进行。16We can infer that the author of the text is_.Aunprejudiced in his description of cyberschoolsBexcited about the future of cyberschoolsCdoubtful about the quality of cyberschoolsDdisappointed at the development of cyberschools答案：A。推理判断题。综观全文可知，作者客观地描述了网络学习的优缺点，由此可知作者对网络学校并不含偏见。【由湖南省2014高考十三校联考第二次考试改编】阅读理解。阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Nowadays some students in middle school date with their classmatesAccording to a new study from the University of Georgia, those students have much worse study skills and are four times more likely to stop schoolingThey use twice as much alcohol and tobacco than their single classmatesRomantic relationships are a trademark of adolescence, but very few studies have examined how adolescents differ in the development of these relationships, said Pamela Orpinas, study author and professor in the College of Public Health and Head of the department of Health Promotion and BehaviourOrpinas followed a group of 624 students over a seven-year period from 6th to 12th gradesEach year, the group of students completed a survey indicating whether they had dated and reported the frequency of different behaviours, including the use of drugs and alcoholTheir teachers completed questionnaires about the students7 academic efforts He found some students never or hardly ever reported dating from middle to high school, and these students had consistently the best study skills according to their teachersOther students dated infrequently in middle school but increased the frequency of dating in high schoolAt all points in time, teachers rated the students who reported the lowest frequency of dating as having the best study skills and students with highest dating as having the worst study skills, according to the journal articleStudy skills refer to behaviours that lead to academic success such as doing homework for extra credit, being well organized, finishing homework, working hard and reading assigned chaptersDating a classmate may have the same emotional complications （并发症） of dating a co-worker, Orpinas saidWhen the couple break up, they have to continue to see each other in class and perhaps witness the ex-partner （前伴侣） dating someone elseIt is reasonable to think this could be linked to depression and distract （分散注意力） them from studyingDating should not be considered a ceremony of growth in middle school, Orpinas concluded1We can learn from the passage that students who date in middle school may _Abe less likely to use alcohol and tobaccoBenjoy better school livesCbe more likely to hurt othersDhave poorer academic performances2During his study, Orpinas _Afound study skills have connection with their frequency of datingBcompleted questionnaires about the students7 academic effortsCcompleted a survey and a report each yearDfollowed a group of students of 6th and 12th3Study skills may include the following behaviors and qualities except _Abeing kind and helpfulBbeing well organizedCbeing diligentDfinishing assigned schoolwork4What can possibly happen to those who date in middle school after they break up?AThey will think it reasonable to get depressedBThey will miss their ex-partners sometimesCTheir attention to studying will be affectedDThey dont want to see each other any longer5According to the passage, Orpinas holds a（n） _ attitude towards dating in middle schoolAindifferent Bnegative Cpositive Dsupportive【参考答案】15、DAACB