高考英语一轮复习 短文改错和阅读综合训练（5）1

山东平度市2017高考英语（一轮）短文改错和阅读综合训练 (2015大连二十四中月考)My brother Donald didnt do well in math.When the day of the exam comes，Donald sat next to Brian，which was always good at math.Donald careful copied Brians answers.At end of the exam，the teacher collected the papers and graded it.Then she decided to give a prize to the student who got the high grade.But it was a bit of difficult for her to make a decision，because Donald and Brian got the same grade.The teacher thought about that and made on her mind to give the prize to Brian.Donald said it was unfair.“Thats true，” the teacher said.“Therefore，Brians answer to Question 18 was I dont knowYour was Neither do I” Section 16短文改错1解析考查时态。描述过去发生过的事情要用一般过去时。答案comescame2解析考查定语从句。先行词是Brian，指人，在非限制性定语从句中要用who来引导。答案whichwho3解析考查副词。修饰动词copy用副词。答案carefulcarefully4解析考查固定短语。at the end of 在结尾。答案end前加the5解析考查代词。在期末，老师收起试卷并评分。此处指代的是the papers，故用them。答案itthem6解析考查形容词最高级。然后她决定把奖品发给分数最高的那个学生。答案highhighest7解析考查固定表达。a bit of 修饰名词，a bit 修饰形容词或副词表示“一点”。答案去掉a bit后的of8解析考查固定短语。make up ones mind下定决心。答案onup9解析考查副词。然而，Brian的答案是我不知道。However表示转折。答案ThereforeHowever 10解析考查代词。你的答案是“我也不知道”。答案YourYours或your后加answer.短文改错。假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同学写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Walters goal in life was become a successfully doctor. He knew he had to finish high school first, so he put his heart into her studiesin particular, biology, chemistry and maths. Because he worked hard at these subjects, Walter became good at it. However, Walter forgot that he needed to master some other subjects beside those he had been chosen. As a result, Walter fails in both English and Chinese in the end of the second school year. But he had to repeat these subjects and he was almost unable to graduate like planned. Walter learned a good lesson.【参考答案】：Walters goal in life was become a doctor. He knew he had to finish high school first, so he put his heart into studiesin particular, biology, chemistry and maths. Because he worked hard at these subjects, Walter became good at . However, Walter forgot that he needed to master some other subjects those he had been chosen. As a result, Walter in both English and Chinese the end of the second school year. he had to repeat these subjects and he was almost unable to graduate planned. Walter learned a good lesson.短文改错Not all people like to work and everyone likes to play. All over 1. _the world men and woman, boys and girls enjoy sports. Since 2. _long ago, many adults and children called their friends together 3. _to spend hours, even days play games. One of the reasons people 4. _like to play is that sports help them to live happily. In other words, 5. _they help to keep people strong and feel good. When people are 6. _playing games, they move a lot. That is how sports are good activities 7. _for their health. Having fun with their friends make them happy. 8. _many people enjoy sports by watching the others play. In American 9. _big cities, thousands sell tickets to watch football or basketball games. 10. _答案及解析1. and改为but。前文说并非所有的人都喜欢工作， 下文说每个人都喜欢玩， 是转折关系。2. woman改为women。并列的四个名词均为复数。3. 在 called前加have。根据句意， 应使用现在完成时。4. play改为playing。固定搭配， spend hours (in) playing games。5. 此行无错误。6. feel改为feeling。固定搭配keep sb. feeling good， 使人们感觉良好。7. how改为why。how不符合句意。8. make改为makes。分词短语作主句， 谓语动词用单数。9. 把others前的冠词the去掉。许多人喜欢观看别人运动， others前加冠词意为“其余的人”， 与文意不符。10. sell改为buy。在大城市里人们买票观看体育比赛。【2016高考训练】阅读理解推理判断题。When most of us hear the word chocolate. the verb that comes to mind is probably ”eat”|, not “drink”, and the most proper adjective would seem to be “sweet”. But for about 90 percent of chocolates long history, it was strictly a beverage(饮料), and sugar didnt have anything to do with it.The Origin of Chocolate Many modern historians have estimated that chocolate has been around for about 2,000 years, but recent research suggests that in may be even older.In the book The True HISTOUY OF Chocolate, authors Sophie and Michael Coe prove that the earliest linguistic(语言学的) evidence of chocolate consumption dates back three or even four thousand years.Valuable and Fashionable Chocolate BeverageIts hard to discover exactly when chocolate was born, but its clear that in was cherished from the start. For several centuries in pre-modern Latin America, cacao beans were considered valuable enough to use as currency. 100 beans could purchase a good turkey hen, according to a 16th-century Aztec document.Sweetened chocolate didnt appear until Europeans discovered the Americas and sampled(品尝) the native cuisine . Chocolate didnt suit the foreigners taste at firstone described it in his writings as “a bitter drink for pigs” but once mixed with honey or cane sugar, it quickly became popular throughout Spain. By the 17th century, chocolate was a fashionable drink throughout Europe, believed to have nutritious, medicinal functions. But it remained largely a privilege of the rich until the invention of the steam engine made mass production possible in the late 1700s.The Birth of Solid chocolate In 1828, a Dutch chemist found a way to make powdered chocolate. His product became known as “Dutch cocoa”, and it soon led to the creation of solid chocolate. In 1847, Joseph Fry created the first modern chocolate bar. By 1868, a little company called Cadbury was marketing boxes of chocolate candies in England. Milk chocolate hit the marked a few years later.Prosperous Chocolate IndustryIn America, chocolate was so valued during the Revolutionary War that it was used instead of wages . Even now, statistics show that the humble cacao bean is still a powerful economic fore. Chocolate manufacturing is a more than 4-billion-dollar industry in the United States, and the average American eats at least half a pound of the stuff per month.1. The earliest chocolate was most probably .A. A dish B. a drink C. a bar D. a candy2. It can be inferred from the passage that .A. The history of chocolate is at most 4,000 years.B. People around the world could buy things with chocolateC. Chocolate was well paid attention to since it was bornD. An American at least eats a pound of chocolate per month3. Why did chocolate suit the Spanishs taste so quickly?A. Because chocolate was so tasty and bitter.B. Because chocolate was believed to be a source of nutrition.C. Because chocolate was sweetened with honey of cane sugar.D. Because chocolate became a fashionable beverage.4. Which one shows the correct order according to the time of their appearing?A. Chocolate beveragechocolate bar chocolate candies milk chocolateB. Chocolate bar chocolate beverage chocolate candies milk chocolateC. Chocolate bar chocolate candies milk chocolate chocolate beverageD. Chocolate beverage chocolate candies chocolate bar milk chocolate语篇解读 本文是说明文，讲述了巧克力的简单历史。1. B 细节理解题。根据首段可知，人们普遍认为巧克力是用来吃的，而且是很甜的，然而巧克力在发展史上大部分的时间是一种苦涩的饮料。故选B2. C 推理判断题。 根据第四段中的首句“ but its clear that it was cherished from the start.”可知巧克力从诞生起就受到人们的珍爱。故选C3. C 推理判断题。由第五段的第二句“ but once mixed with honey or cane sugar, it quickly became popular throughout Spain.” 可知巧克力饮料被混合蜂蜜或蔗糖变甜以后，就迅速爱到西班牙人的欢迎。故选C。A 推理判断题。由文章叙述巧克力历史的过程可知巧克力饮料是最早的形式再根据倒数第二段中三个事件发生的顺序和首段一句可知A项是按时间顺序叙述巧克力的演变史。 2016高考训练题。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。DONALD SLOANGates HallUniversity of KansasLawrence, KS 66045913-243-1682After May 2009:46 Clayton DriveSt. Louis, MO 63130314-726-8840ObjectiveTo work with the client (委托人) population in a social service position. EducationB.A., University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 2009Major: Social ServicesMinor: Applied Psychology ExperienceAssistant Activities Supervisor, Fairview Nursing Home, Lawrence, KS, November 2006-present. Help organize and implement recreational activities for nursing home residents. Activities include crafts, dances, day trips, sing-alongs, and visiting performers.Hotline Volunteer. Teen Crisis Center, Lawrence, KS, September 2006- May 2007. Handled crisis calls from teenagers in the community. Dealt with drug use, unwanted pregnancies, failing grades, and the breakdown of parent-teen relationships.Nurses Aide, Danyers General Hospital, St. Louis, MO, Summer 2006. Assisted nurses in patient care. Took histories, updated charts, and helped prepare patients for surgery. ActivitiesUniversity Concert Board. Work with other board members to plan and implement on-campus concerts.Senior Gift Campaign. Help manage the campaign to raise funds for the senior class gift to the university.Residence Hall Programming Board. Planned social events for Eggar Residence Hall. SkillsFluent in French. Water safety instructor. Skilled at working with people. InterestsSkiing, softball, classical music, and guitar. 1.This passage is most probably _.A. an advertisement for enrolling new employeesB. a self-introduction meant to apply for a jobC. a school report at the end of an academic yearD. a part of a recommendation letter from a university2.According to the “Experience” section, we can infer that Donald Sloan can be _ .A. a wise leaderB. a skillful performerC. a good social worker D.a gifted scientist 3.From the passage we can learn that Donald Sloan _.A.is about to graduate from a universityB. is good at singing and dancing C. has an interest in being a surgeonD. specializes in psychology参考答案13、BCA 2016高考训练题。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 Heres a movie-a sharp, sugar-rush of fun thats guaranteed to entertain the entire family. With some terrific computer-generated effects, a great cast and a fun-packed storyline, Robots is the best animated film(动画片) since The Incredibles. Yep, it really is that good. Set in a world populated by robots, Ewan McGregor plays Rodney Copperbottom, a young robot who leaves his small-town home to pursue his dream of becoming an inventor. But after arriving in Robot City, his hopes of getting a job at Bigweld Industries are destroyed when he learns the firm has been taken over by the evil Ratchet (Greg Kinnear). Egged on by his controlling mum, Madame Gasket(Jim Broadbent), Ratchet plans to reduce half on Robot Citys citizens to scrap metal by refusing to sell the spare Pans they need to survive. Instead, he wants to make a fortune selling expensive upgrades that few can afford. As he says, “Why be you when you can be new?” Aided by a few misfit robots known as the Rustles-including Robin Williams as the cowardly(胆小的) Fender (“Im made of a metal called Afraidium”)-Rodney must track down the firms founder, Bigweld(Mel Brooks), and convince him to save the city from Ratchets plans. The first thing thatll strike you about the movie is the thought thats gone into creating Robot City. Its a wondrous world full of mechanical marvels including wind-up cars and walking streetlamps. Also terrific are the special effects. This might be animated movie but at times youll catch yourself thinking its really a live-action film. Of course, there have been plenty of animated movies that looked the part but were let down by a weak storyline(see Shark Tale, for example). But Robots grips(扣人心弦)right from the start thanks to a heart-warming and thoroughly engaging plot that never bores. My only complaints are with Williams who, as usual, has a one-in-10 success rate with his jokes. Also a letdown is a romantic subplot between Rodney and a shapely robot called Cappy(Halle Berry)that doesnt go anywhere. Complains aside, this is a mechanical marvel thatll have you bolted firmly to your seat. BEST QUOTE(引述)：Fender：“Even though you had a discouraging day, just remember theres another one coming tomorrow. BEST BIT：Check out those amazing images. WORST BIT：Robin Williams character does an unfunny Britney Spears dance routine. IF YOU LIKEDIce Age, The Incredibles, Toy StoryYOULL LIKE THIS. 1. This piece of writing is a _. A. commercial advertisement B. film review C. movie poster D. 1iterary essay2. The cast Of Robots is made up of all the following actors or actresses EXCEPT _. A. Ewan McGregor B. Robin Williams C. Britney Spears D. Halle Berry3. What is Shark Tale an example of? A great cast. B. A poor plot. C. Special effects. D. Clumsy animation. 参考答案13、BCB