高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解暑假训练（1）1

福建尤溪县2017高考英语阅读理解暑假训练2016高考模拟题。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 Once there was a man who liked to eat mangoes(芒果). One day he decided to get the sweetest mango from the very top of the tree. Mangoes which are exposed to the sun the most are the sweetest. So he climbed up to the top, where the branches were thin. He managed to pick up a few sweet reddish fruits, but, in an attempt to climb down, he slipped and started falling towards the ground. Fortunately, he caught the branch as he was falling and remained helplessly hanging on the tree. Then he started to call nearby villagers for help. They immediately came with a ladder and sticks, but could do little to help him. Then after some time one calm and thoughtful person arrived - a well-known sage who lived in a simple hut nearby. People were very curious to see what he would do, as he was famous in solving many peoples problems in the area and sometimes very complicated ones. He was silent for a minute and then picked up a stone and threw it at the hanging man. Thats what everybody wanted - that he came down. But how? Now everybody was tense(紧张), as to what would happen next! Some wanted to punish the sage, but they didnt. The sage picked another stone and threw it again at the man, even more forcefully. Now the man on the tree was enraged and developed a great determination to come down and take revenge（报仇）.He then used all his skill and strength and somehow reached the branches which were safe to start going down. And he made it! Everybody was amazed.However, the rescued man found the sage gone. He stood there, realizing that the man really helped him because he induced him to try his best and save himself. “I should be thankful and not angry.” 1What happened after he had picked a few sweet reddish mangoes?AHe remained hanging helplessly on the tree.BHe slipped and fell to the ground suddenly.CHe was climbing down quickly but carefully.DHe shouted loudly for help but no one helped.2How did the man feel when the sage hit him with a stone?AHe was nervous. BHe kept silent. CHe was angry. DHe felt surprised.3What do you think motivated the man to climb down? ACourage. B. Assistance. CCarefulness.DRevenge. 4From the story we know that the sweetest mango must be the one . Aon the tree for the longest time Bhidden in the middle of a treeCon the very top of the a tree Dexposed to sunlight less often参考答案14、ACDC 说理议论（阅读理解）由 (2011重庆,E)改编Skeptics are a strange lot.Some of them refuse to admit the serious threat of human activities to the environment,and they are tired of people who disagree with them.Those people,say skeptics,spread nothing but bad news about the environment.The “eco-guilt” brought on by the discouraging news about our planet gives rise to the popularity of skeptics as people search for more comforting worldviews.Perhaps that explains why a new book by Bjorn Lomborg received so much publicity.That book,The Skeptical Environmentalist,declares that it measures the “real state of the world” as fine.Of course,another explanation is the deep pockets of some big businesses with special interests.Indeed,Mr.Lomborgs views are similar to those of some industry-funded organizations,which start huge activities through the media to confuse the public about issues like global warming.So it was strange to see Mr.Lomborgs book go largely unchallenged in the media though his beliefs were contrary to most scientific opinions.One national newspaper in Canada ran a number of articles and reviews full of words of praise,even with the conclusion that “After Lomborg,the environmental movement will begin to die down.”Such one-sided views should have immediately been challenged.But only a different review appeared in Nature,a respected science magazine with specific readership.The review remarked that Mr.Lomborgs “preference for unexamined materials is incredible (不可信的)”.A critical (批判的) eye is valuable,and the media should present information in such a way that could allow people to make informed decisions.Unfortunately,that is often inaccessible as blocked by the desire to be shocking or to defend some special interests.People might become half-blind before a world partially exhibited by the media.Thats a shame,because matters concerning the health of the planet are far too important to be treated lightly.1.According to the passage,which of the following may be regarded as “skeptics”?()A.People who agree on the popularity of “eco-guilt”.B.People who disbelieve the serious situation of our planet.C.People who dislike the harmful effect of human activities.D.People who spread comforting news to protect our environment.2.Which of the following can be a reason for the popularity of Lomborgs book?()A.Some big businesses intend to protect their own interests.B.The book challenges views about the fine state of the world.C.The author convinces people to seek comforting worldviews.D.Industry-funded media present confusing information.3.The author mentioned the review in Nature in order to .A.voice a different opinionB.find fault with Lomborgs bookC.challenge the authority of the mediaD.point out the value of scientific views4.What is the authors main purpose in writing the passage?()A.To encourage the skeptics to have a critical eye.B.To warn the public of the danger of half-blindness with reviews.C.To blame the medias lack of responsibility in presenting information.D.To show the importance of presenting overall information by the media.语篇解读:本文是一篇议论文。全文提出一种社会现象:有时候信息因为某种原因不能全方位呈现给公众。作者希望媒体应该公正、客观、全面地向公众提供信息。答案及剖析:1.B事实细节题。根据第一段的第二句“Some of them refuse to admit the serious threat of human activities to the environment.”可知,他们并不认为人类活动威胁着环境,即他们不相信地球环境那样糟糕。故选B项。A项正好与这类人的观点相反;C项文中没有提及;D项是广大公众的观点。2.A事实细节题。根据第二段的第三句“Of course,another explanation is the deep pockets of some big businesses with special interests.”可知,其中一个原因就是大公司为了自己的利益而支持,故选A项。3.A事实细节题。根据第四段可知,作者提到自然这本杂志是为了表明该杂志的观点与那些怀疑论者以及Lomborg书中的观点不同,故选A项。4.D主旨大意题。文章最后一段提到“A critical (批判的) eye is valuable,and the media should present information in such a way that could allow people to make informed decisions.”作者希望媒体能够向公众提供更多的、全方位的信息,而不应该是片面的。【长难句子分析】 这种由关于我们这颗星球的令人沮丧的消息带来的“生态有罪”的观点给了这种怀疑论者产生的机会,因为人们要探索寻找更能令人欣慰的世界观。该句主语是The “eco-guilt”谓语动词是gives rise to;过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰主语;as引导的是原因状语从句。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。【2013界广东省汕头市质量监测试题】 If you want to stay young, sit down and have a good think. This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors, who say that most of our brains are not getting enough exerciseand as a result, we are ageing unnecessarily soon.Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of ageing could be slowed down.With a team of colleagues at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations.Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain, which relate to intellect (智能) and emotion, and determine the human character. (The rear section of the brain, which controls functions like eating and breathing, does not contract with age, and one can continue living without intellectual or emotional faculties.)Contraction of front and side partsas cells die offwas observed I some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in some sixty- and seventy-year-olds.Matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is a simple remedy to the contraction normally associated with ageusing the head.The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns. Those least at risk, says Matsuzawa, are lawyers, followed by university professors and doctors. White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are, however, as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker, bus driver and shop assistant.Matsuzawas findings show that thinking can prevent the brain from shrinking. Blood must circulate properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen the brain cells need. “The best way to maintain good blood circulation is through using the brain,” he says, “Think hard and engage in conversation. Dont rely on pocket calculators.”36. The team of doctors wanted to find out _.A. why certain people age sooner than others B. how to make people live longerC. the size of certain peoples brains D. which people are most intelligent【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。由第二段“Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of ageing could be slowed down.”可知医生们想要研究出为什么一些人比其他人老得更快。37. On what are their research findings based?A. A survey of farmers in northern Japan. B. Tests performed on a thousand old people.C. The study of brain volumes of different people D. The latest development of computer technology.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。由“he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations.”可知选C。38. The doctors test show that _.A. our brains shrink as we grow older B. the front section of the brain does not shrinkC. sixty-year-olds have the better brains than thirty-year-oldsD. some peoples brains have contracted more than other peoples.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。由“The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns.”可知医生们的测试发现，一般而言，乡下人比城镇里的人的大脑收缩的更早。故选D。39. The word “subjects” in Paragraph 5 means _.A. something to be considered B. branches of knowledge studiedC. persons chosen to be studied in an experimentD. any member of a state except the supreme ruler.【答案】C【解析】词义猜测题。由“but it was still not evident in some sixty- and seventy-year-olds.”可知“subjects”指的是被选入实验中做研究的人。故选C。40. According to the passage, which people seem to age slower than the others?A. Lawyers. B. Farmers. C. Clerks. D. Shop assistants.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。由“Those least at risk, says Matsuzawa, are lawyers,”可知律师变老的风险最小。故选A。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。【2013界广东省汕头市质量监测试题】 The speaker, a teacher from a community college, addressed a sympathetic audience. Heads nodded in agreement when he said, High school English teachers are not doing their jobs. He described the inadequacies of his students, all high school graduates who can use language only at a grade 9 level. I was unable to determine from his answers to my questions how this grade 9 level had been established.My topic is not standards nor its decline（降低）. What the speaker was really saying is that eh is no longer young; he has been teaching for sixteen years, and is able to think and speak like a mature adult.My point is that the frequent complaint of one generation about the one immediately following it is inevitable. It is also human nature to look for the reasons for our dissatisfaction. Before English became a school subject in the late nineteenth century, it was difficult to find the target of the blame for language deficiencies（缺陷）. But since then, English teachers have been under constant attack.The complainers think they have hit upon an original idea. As their own command of the language improves, they notice that young people do not have this same ability. Unaware that their own ability has developed through the years, they assume the new generation of young people must be hopeless in this respect. To the eyes and ears of sensitive adults the language of the young always seems inadequate.Since this concern about the decline and fall of the English language is not perceived as a generational phenomenon but rather as something new and peculiar to todays young people, it naturally follows that todays English teachers cannot be doing their jobs. Otherwise, young people would not have a poor command of English.41. The speaker the author mentioned in the passage believed that _.A. the language of the younger generation is usually inferior to that t of the older generationB. the students had a poor command of English because they didnt work hard enoughC. he was an excellent language teacher because he had been teaching English for sixteen yearsD. English teachers should be held responsible for the students poor command of English【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。由“High school English teachers are not doing their jobs.”可知作者提到的说话人认为，英语老师应该为学生的英语不好负责。故选D。42. In the authors opinion, the speaker _. A. gave a correct judgment of the English level of the studentsB. had exaggerated （夸张）the language problems of the studentsC. was right in saying that English teachers were not doing their jobsD. could think and speak intelligently【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。由“As their own command of the language improves, they notice that young people do not have this same ability. Unaware that their own ability has developed through the years, they assume the new generation of young people must be hopeless in this respect.”可知作者认为发言者夸张了学生的语言问题。故选B。43. The authors attitude towards the speakers remarks is _.A. neutral B. positive C. critical D. compromising【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。A.中立的；B.肯定的；C.批评的；D.妥协的。由“Unaware that their own ability has developed through the years, they assume the new generation of young people must be hopeless in this respect.”可知作者不同意发言者的评论。故选C。44. It can be concluded from the passage that _.A. it is justifiable to include English as a school subjectB. the author disagrees with the speaker over the standard of English at Grade 9 levelC. English language teaching is by no means an easy jobD. Language improvement needs time and effort【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。“Unaware that their own ability has developed through the years,”说明成年人的语言能力是经过了多年的发展的，所以语言教学绝不是一项简单的工作。故选C。45. In the passage the author argues that _.A. it is unfair to blame the English teachers for the language deficiencies of the studentsB) young people would not have a poor command of English if the teachers did their jobs properlyC) to get rid of language deficiencies one must have sensitive eyes and earsD) to improve the standard of English requires the effort of several generations【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。由“Since this concern about the decline and fall of the English language is not perceived as a generational phenomenon but rather as something new and peculiar to todays young people, it naturally follows that todays English teachers cannot be doing their jobs.”可知作者认为，因学生语言上的不足而责备英语老师是不公平的。