高考英语一轮复习 语法填空和阅读练习（五）

贵州息烽县2017高考英语一轮语法填空和阅读练习 (2016安徽省安庆市高三下学期第二次模拟考试)Everyone needs to know how to prevent a fire.It is also important to know what to do when it _1_(break)out.Every year，over 11，000 people _2_(kill)or injured in house fires.These fires could have been avoided.Smokers who are _3_(care)cause about 200 deaths and over 6，000 fires.More than of those _4_ die in fires are poisoned or harmed by smoke.If fire happens，do not attempt to fight the fire unless it is small.Try putting out a small fire with water.If _5_ fire has spread or if the flames are more than 20 inches high，shut the door on it.Warn everyone else in the building and tell them to get out.You should leave and dial 911 for the fire department.Before _6_(go)into a room，check the door.If the handle or the door is hot，do not open it! Instead，put clothing or a wet towel at the bottom of it to keep smoke out.If the door is not hot，open it _7_(slow)If there is a rush of smoke heat，close it again and shout to warn _8_(other)inside.Now open the window and shout “Fire！”See whether you can drop safely to the ground.Use this _9_ your escape course if you can.If you are not on ground level，break your fall by pushing a mat out first.Lower yourself at arms _10_(long) before dropping.Once outside，stay out outside and make sure the fire department is called.【语篇导读】本文主要讲了发生火灾时应注意的事项以及如何在火灾中逃生。1breaks考查时态。有主句时态可知此处应用一般现在时，在it后面，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。break out为不及物动词短语，不用被动语态。2are killed考查被动语态。根据句意，每年有11 000个人在着火的房子中伤亡，所以填kill的被动形式，因为是陈述事实，所以be动词用现在时。3careless考查形容词。根据句意，吸烟者引发死伤和火灾，所以是粗心大意的吸烟者。4who考查定语从句。由句子结构可知此处应填定语从句的引导词，先行词是人并在定语从句中作主语，所以用who。5the考查冠词。前文中提到了fire，所以在此处提到上文提到过的事物时，要用定冠词the，表示特指。6going考查动名词。此处的before是介词，介词后面的名词要用动名词形式。7slowly考查副词。open此处为动词，所以用副词形式slowly。8others考查代词。others：“其他人”，此处做warn的宾语，other为形容词，后必有名词。9as考查语境和介词。考查语境和介词。根据句意，在逃跑的过程中使用这个技能，此处as作为介词，有“作为”的意思。10length考查名词。空前的arms是物主代词，后面应该接名词，long的名词形式是length(长度)。语法填空。阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Once upon a time，there was an island. All the feelings lived in the island：Happiness，Sadness，Richness，Knowledge, and all of the others,1._(include) Love. One day it was announced to the feelings that the island would sink，so they constructed boats 2._left，except for Love.Love was the only one who stayed. Love wanted to hold out 3._the last possible moment. When the island had almost sunk，Love decided to ask for help. Richness was passing 4._Love in a grand boat.Love said，“Richness，can you take me with you？”Richness answered，“No，I cant.5._is a lot of gold and silver in my boat. There is no place here for you.”Suddenly，there was a voice，“Come，Love，I will take you.” It was an elder. So blessed and overjoyed，Love even forgot 6._(ask) the elder where they were going.7._they arrived at dry land，the elder went her own way.8._(realize) how much she owed the elder，Love asked Knowledge, another elder，“Who helped me？”“9._was Time，”Knowledge answered.“Time？”asked Love.“ But why did Time help me？”Knowledge smiled with deep wisdom and answered，“Because only Time is capable of understanding how 10._(value) Love is.”【参考答案及解析】1including介词including意为“包含，包括”。2and用and连接并列谓语动词。3untiluntil“直到”。Love打算坚持到最后一分钟。4bypass by是固定搭配，意为“经过，路过”。5There该句属于there be句型。6to askforget后接动名词意为“忘记了做过某事”，接不定式表示“忘记做某事”。根据句意此处应接不定式。7When引导时间状语从句，用when，表示“当时候”。8Realizing主语Love与动词realize是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。9It这里指代上文所提到的老者，故用it。10valuable副词how修饰作表语的形容词valuable。2016高考训练题。阅读下面材料，在空白处填人适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 As I boarded the plane，1 said my final goodbye to the white-sand beaches of 61 (sun) Miami.“Dont you wish we could live in Miami? my mother asked. Her 62 (word) were filled with hope and envy. Poor mother，1 think, you would not understand. There is only one place 63 I could ever dream of living，and I already live there. I live in Chicago, the Windy City. The image of the vast waters of Lake Michigan always 64 (flow) inside my head. Sure, Miami has the ocean, but 65 doesnt give me the feeling of being in my own hometown. Just the 66 (think) of being home again makes my body feel warm and peaceful. My mind 67 (overcome) with fine memories of the high buildings and the enjoyable lakefront. I long 68 seeing them all once more. How could I live in Miami? I cannot even imagine 69 (cheer) for any basketball team but the Bulls or eating any hot dog thats not Chicago-style, 70 Chicago is my home. The pleasant beaches of Miami will always be in my heart, but my heart is always going to be in Chicago.语法填空61. sunny62. words63. where64. flows65. it66. thought67. is overcome68. for69. cheering70. Becausefor语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。【辽宁卷题型】Kelly：Hi, Mr.Adams? Mr.Adams：Ah, yes. You must be Kelly. Thanks for coming. Kelly：Here is my card. Mr.Adams：Oh，it is hard_1_(find) a good babysitter on a Friday night. Kelly：Well, I like_2_(watch)kids, and I need the extra money. Mr.Adams：Well, I_3_(hear)you were one of the best_4_ in the area, and. Kelly：Uh, well, Id like to talk to you about my new rate increases. Mr.Adams：Rate increases? Kelly：You see, Mr.Adams. Ive consulted with my_5_(finance) advisor. Mr.Adams：What? Kelly：Uh, my mother, and she says I_6_charge more per child since I do cook and clean your house while youre_7_. Mr.Adams：Oh, I see. So, what do you have in mind? Kelly：Well, as I see it，Id like to ask a dollar more per child per hour, and overtime after midnight. _8_(base) on my calculations, thats only 10.23% above the going market, and Im now a certified babysitter_9_training. Mr.Adams：Oh, I never knew there were courses and certifications in babysitting. Kelly：Times are changing, Mr.Adams.I have to figure in expenses for a benefit package to cover college tuition, retirement, and so on. Well, I will tell my mother_10_to do. 1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._答案：1to findit is hard to do sth.做某事很困难。2watchinglike doing喜欢做某事，用ving形式表示抽象的概念。3heard考查时态，此处用一般过去时。4babysitters由下文中可知，此处是指babysitter，又由前面的one of可知，此处应用复数形式。5financial此处用形容词形式作定语，修饰advisor。6shouldshould应当，应该(表一种责任或义务)。7away此处指不在家。8Based此处用过去分词作定语。be based on以为基础。9with考查介词。with用，随着。10what此处用what作tell的宾语，同时又作do的宾语，具有双重作用。广东省语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。People hold different ideas about the meaning of a hero. In the past, a hero was _1_ who saved his country, defended his people and _2_(fight) bravely in the battle. _3_(usual) only a great man was worth _4_ title of a hero.However, the meaning of a hero _5_(change) in the past fifty years, and a common man can _6_ be a hero. A person who has done a great job is a hero. A sportsman _7_ has set a new world record is one，certainly. Even a slow _8_ in a school who has succeeded in a difficult exam is also one.In a word, heroism keeps changing its _9_ .The time has come _10_ everyone tries to be a hero. Lets try to be one.1解析前面的主语a hero表示“任何一个英雄”的概念，由who引导的定语从句可以断定横线处应该是表示人的代词，所以填one。答案one2解析前面的谓语是一般过去时，因此此处应该使用fight的过去式，故填fought。答案fought3解析该句子具有完整的主谓语结构，由此可知横线处应该是副词修饰整个句子，因此加-ly构成副词usually。答案Usually4解析这里是指“英雄的称号”，表示特指，应该用定冠词the。答案the5解析从in the past fifty years可以知道谓语应该使用现在完成时has changed。答案has changed6解析这里考查语篇的意义。前文叙述了大英雄的概念，这里笔锋一转，说普通人也可以成为英雄，因此此处填also。答案also7解析通过观察前句和后句的定语从句可知，此处的定语从句缺少主语，先行词是A sportsman，所以用who或者that。答案who/that8解析这里是对语境的考查，从后面的定语in a school可推知，这里应填student。答案student9解析这也是一个语境词，意思是说英雄的含义在不断变化，应填meaning与第二段的第一句照应。答案meaning10解析空处及其后面部分是定语从句，故此处用when来引导定语从句修饰time。答案when阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。For many years，artists have flocked to Paris，France，to paint or to learn to paint.Perhaps artists first went there because of the citys beauty.They went to paint pictures of the broad，treelined streets，the great churches，and the graceful river bridges.The artists felt comfortable in Paris because the people of the city had always enjoyed art.Paris had great art museums，filled with famous paintings and statues from many countries.And the people of Paris had always welcomed new ideas.In this city，artists felt free to experiment with new ways of painting.As soon as famous artists painted in Paris，students came to learn from them.People came to buy paintings.People called art dealers set up galleries where paintings were bought and sold.Others kept shops that sold artistspaints and supplies.Students and artists who were not yet famous could live in Paris for very little money.They learned by studying great art in the museums，and they learned from one another.They held art fairs，hanging their paintings outdoors along the streets.Today，New York City and Florence，Italy，are also famous art centers.But the worlds principal art exhibits are still held in Paris.Important judges of art live there.Most of the new ways of painting that have started in the last hundred years began in Paris.So artists and art dealers still go to Paris because it is the worlds leading art center.1Art students learned by studying great art in Paris_Astreets BchurchesCmuseums Dschools解析：由第四段第二句话“They learned by studying great art in the museums，and they learned from one another.”可知答案。答案：C2The story does not say so，but it makes you think that_.AParis is famous for its artistspaints and suppliesBthere is more than one way to paintCart fairs are held in galleriesDFlorence is the center of world art exhibits解析：最后一段中的“Most of the new ways of painting that have started in the last hundred years began in Paris.”作者提到了new ways。答案：B3Important judges of art_.Alive in ParisBfeel free to experimentCwork in New YorkDhave no new ways of painting解析：最后一段的第三句话点出答案。答案：A4Students can learn from_.Atheir parents Bone anotherCthe streets Dthe trees解析：第四段第二句话告诉我们“students learn from one other”。答案：B5On the whole，this story is about_.Athe worlds most famous art centerBhow to buy a painting in Paris，FranceCthe famous art centers of New York and FlorenceDwhere to set up galleries解析：从整篇文章来看都是在讲巴黎，它是世界艺术之都。答案：A阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。A man was working on his motorcycle in his yard.Suddenly it started to move.The man，still holding the hand lebars，was dragged through the glass doors，along with the motorcycle，and was thrown onto the floor inside the house.The wife ran in and found her husband lying on the floor，cut and bleeding.She ran to call an ambulance (救护车)The ambulance arrived and they took the man to the hospital.The wife picked up the motorcycle and pushed it outside.There was gas all over the floor，so the wife got some paper towels，cleaned the gas with them，and threw them in the toilet.After he was treated，the man returned home.Not long after that he went to the bathroom，sat down on the toilet and smoked a cigarette.Sitting there，he finished the cigarette and threw it into the toilet.The wife，who was in the kitchen，heard the loud explosion (爆炸声) and her husband screaming.She ran into the bathroom，and there she found her husband lying on the floor！His trousers had been blown away and his buttocks and other parts of his body were covered with burns！The wife again ran to the phone to call an ambulance.The same people came！While they were carrying the husband down the stairs to the street，one of the men asked the wife how the husband had burned himself.She told them and they started laughing very hard.One of them fell and the husband fell，too.The poor husband fell down the remaining stairs and broke his arm.1What most probably made the motorcycle start moving?AThe man himself started it to see if it was working.BHis wife did it for him to check if there was something working.CThe motorcycle started by itself.DThe man started the motorcycle without knowing it.解析：根据文章第一段第一句“A man was working on his motorcycle in his yard.Suddenly it started to move.”可知the man很可能无意当中发动了车。答案：D2What did the wife do after the first accident?AShe did nothing except calling the policemen.BShe cleaned the gas with paper towels and threw them into the toilet.CShe took the motorcycle and pushed it into the room.DShe took her hushand to the hospital.解析：根据第二段“.the wife got some paper towels，cleaned the gas with them，and threw in the toilet”可知选B。答案：B3What do we know about the gas that caused the explosion?AThe gas was from the motorcycle and could easily cause an explosion.BThe gas was of poor quality.CThe gas made the hushand suffer 4 accidents in a day.DThe gas should have burned the wife.解析：根据文章可知，引起爆炸的gas是来自motorcycle，并且非常容易爆炸，B、C、D都谈不上。答案：A4The passage is most likely to be found in_Aa surveyBa textbookCa report Da book of funny stories解析：文章读起来很有趣，所以很有可能是摘自funny stories的书籍。答案：D5Which is the best title for this passage?AWhat a Bad Day for the Husband and WifeBA Mans Worst DayCA Man Had Three Accidents in One DayDA Wife Burned Her Husband and Broke His Arms解析：短文主要讲述了这位husband在一天中所遭遇的一系列事故，所以标题B最合适。答案：B。