高考英语二轮复习 第一部分 专题增分练 课时02 阅读理解-推理判断题

课时02 阅读理解-推理判断题 .阅读理解AEarlier this week， I wrapped up (圆满完成) a 5day trip in San Francisco. I woke up a few hours before sunrise， drove through the darkness and out of the city， hiked for 30 minutes to the top of a hill overlooking the Golden Gate Bridge， and snapped (拍摄) this photo. As I stood there soaking in the early morning light， I was reminded of an important lesson.When I arrived in San Francisco， I told myself， “Just take photos as you do other things.” My primary goal was to meet with friends and so I figured I could take pictures as we walked around the city. This resulted in exactly zero photos worth sharing. I had vague ideas like， “Id like to do some street photography，” but I never went out with the intent of photographing something specific. Finally， on the last morning， I went out with the intent of capturing a specific picture and I ended up with something worth sharing. My mistake was that I assumed that because I wanted to take photos， I would end up getting a desirable result.How often do you do this in your own life？ We go to the gym to “work out” without trying to become better at something specific. We wish that we were more creative， but never work on a particular project. When you commit to a task， however， then the next step is obvious. You want to take a picture of the Golden Gate Bridge at sunrise？ Next step： find a good spot. Youve found a good spot？ Next step： wake up early and drive there.This is perhaps the most shocking thing： if box yourself in， then youll begin to break out and achieve something greater than you ever imagined.语篇解读本文为夹叙夹议文。作者去旧金山看日出时突然悟出人生真谛：任务要具体，目标要明确，才会有结果。1.Whats the authors original purpose of the trip？A.To take pictures.B.To attend lessons.C.To visit friends. D.To enjoy sunrise.解析：考查细节理解。由第二段中的“My primary goal was to meet with friends”可知作者来旧金山的最初目的就是访友。答案：C2.What lesson did the author learn？A.A given task leads to achievement.B.Stick to your own decision.C.Get ready for challenges.D.Hard work pays off.解析：考查推理判断。由第一段末尾可知作者这次旅行感触颇深，再结合倒数第二段中的“something specific”“a particular project”和“When you commit to a task，however，then the next step is obvious. You want to take a picture of the Golden Gate Bridge at sunrise？ Next step： find a good spot.Youve found a good spot？ Next step：wake up early and drive there”可知作者收获的感悟是任务要具体，目标要明确，才会有结果。答案：A3.What are you advised to do first when you want to get stronger physically？A.Make a detailed outline.B.Go to work out immediately.C.Discuss the ways with coaches.D.Choose a certain muscle group.解析：考查推理判断。由第二段中的“I had vague ideas”，再结合第三段的内容，尤其是“without trying to become better at something specific”和“When you commit to a task，however，then the next step is obvious”可知只有任务具体了，方向才能明确，四个选项中只有D项是一个具体的任务，且是首先应做的。答案：D4.Whats the function of the last paragraph？A.To introduce a new topic.B.To draw a conclusion.C.To make a suggestion.D.To ask readers to reflect on something.解析：考查推理判断。由最后一段的内容，尤其是“if box yourself in，then youll begin to break out and achieve something greater than you ever imagined”可知，最后一段点明了文章的主题，对上文内容做出了总结。故选B。答案：BBFor the Travel section， writers and editors selected special items to profile from a dozen cities.Brussels： ChocolateNearly half the chocolate consumed in the world is eaten in Europe， and Belgiumwith average consumption of 14.99 pounds per person a yearcertainly covers its fair share. While Brussels， the countrys capital， is home to hundreds of chocolate makers， what makes a visit necessary is the rich heritage of traditional chocolate makers.Budapest： Paprika(红辣椒)The job of preparing Hungarian paprika was once considered too dangerous for mothers to do. A woman who touched her children upon returning from work risked burning them， so only the elderly and unmarried were allowed the delicate task of separating the skin from the flesh. But by the early 20th century， sweeter varieties and a machine turned paprika into a common feature of all Hungarian cuisine.Lisbon： Tiles (瓷砖)Is there a bluer country than Portugal？ The blue sky and Atlantic Ocean embrace the land. The blue moods of Fado， the dark folk music， form the national soundtrack. And all across Portugal， the typically blue designs of azulejosceramic tilesare spread across churches， castles， palaces， university halls， parks. The result is a beautiful land of Christian saints， Portuguese kings， historical glories， aristocrats(贵族) at leisure， seascapes and so on.Madrid： GuitarsWalking into one of Madrids storied guitar makers workshops can feel like stepping into the past. Curly wood shavings， from the palest pine to ebony， fall onto the floor as artisans(工匠) turn some humble wood into works of art. Its painstaking workall done by handwith classical guitar models and the methods of making them changing little over the last century.语篇解读本文是一篇应用文，介绍了欧洲四个城市独具特色的传统珍宝。5.What does the job of preparing Hungarian paprika suggest？A.The popularity of Hungarian peppers.B.The difficulty of processing peppers.C.The unique tradition in Budapest.D.The hot level of Hungarian peppers.解析：考查推理判断。由Budapest：Paprika(红辣椒)部分中的内容可知，处理布达佩斯的红辣椒曾被认为对妈妈来说很危险，如果刚工作完回家的女人摸了自己的孩子，那就可能灼伤孩子，因而只有年长者和未婚者才被允许做分离红辣椒表皮与果肉的细活。由此可推知，此处强调了布达佩斯红辣椒辣的程度。答案：D6.Which city can be a splendid setting for a film？A.Brussels. B.Budapest.C.Lisbon. D.Madrid.解析：考查细节理解。通读文章可知，只有Lisbon：Tiles(瓷砖)部分详细描述了因为瓷砖而变得美轮美奂的城市，故C项符合题干要求。答案：C7.Whats the similarity of the four items？A.Theyre all treasures of a city.B.They all date back several centuries.C.Their production processes are all painstaking.D.They all win popularity in most European countries.解析：考查推理判断。本文分别介绍了布鲁塞尔的巧克力、布达佩斯的红辣椒、里斯本的瓷砖和马德里的吉他，每一样东西都是这个城市独特的珍宝，故A项正确。答案：A.完形填空Volunteering abroad comes with a bit of a social stigma(耻辱). From my _1_， this couldnt be further from the truth. Volunteering isnt so expensive that its only a _2_ for the welloff. I spent 10 weeks volunteering in Arizona with America Conservation Experience(ACE)， helping _3_ Americas natural beauty.The _4_ was arranged through BUNAC， a work and volunteer organization. _5_ it cost me around $1，000a sum which I _6_ mostly by working parttime.The selfindulgent(放纵自己的) image is _7_ to overseas volunteer projects. However， the work can be _8_. I spent my time maintaining trails， building fences and carrying out projects in some of the national monuments of America. Summer temperatures in Arizona stay well above 35， _9_ pleasant if youre carrying 50kg of concrete for 10 hours at a time. And then there was the wildlife to deal with， which _10_ my strength of character and made my _11_ of the English household spider disappear._12_ do most people volunteer for？ Probably they want to _13_ things to the world. But in reality， you _14_ just as much as the local communities and ecosystems youre helping.Spending 10 weeks in Americas most beautiful national parks and forests was _15_. I gained a far deeper _16_ of the local environment than the average tourist， _17_ exnational park rangers (护林者) who knew _18_ of the areas history and ecosystem. But best of all， my 10 weeks were spent volunteering with young people from a mix of _19_from Belgians to South Koreans. When I left Arizona， I returned home having made a lifelong _20_ with people from around the world.语篇解读这是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者去美国亚利桑那州当志愿者的经历。虽然饱含辛酸却也让作者收获良多，作者不仅了解了当地的环境，还与来自世界各地的人建立了一生的联系。1.A.aspect B.experienceC.impression D.observation解析：下文介绍了作者去美国亚利桑那州做志愿者的经历，故这里说的是“从我的经历来看，这个说法绝非事实”。far from“远非”。答案：B2.A.choice B.dreamC.habit D.destination解析：下文提到“it cost me around $1，000. by working parttime”，故这里应是指做志愿者并非如此昂贵以至于它只能是富人的选择(choice)，即普通人也可以参与。答案：A3.A.explore B.developC.preserve D.find解析：根据下文的“maintaining trails，building fences and carrying out projects.”“exnational park rangers(护林者)”可知，作者应是在美国的亚利桑那州保护大自然的美。preserve“保护”。答案：C4.A.trip B.fundC.organization D.conference解析：根据下文的“Spending 10 weeks in Americas most beautiful national parks and forests”可知，作者去了美国亚利桑那州的国家公园和森林，这是一个trip“行程”。答案：A5.A.In other words B.As a resultC.In all D.On average解析：这个行程总共花费了作者约1 000美元，这笔钱大部分是作者通过做兼职来支付的。in all“总共”。答案：C6.A.awarded B.sponsoredC.invested D.covered解析：参见上题解析。cover意为“足以支付”。答案：D7.A.similar B.equalC.relevant D.close解析：放纵自己的形象和海外志愿者项目紧紧相连。be relevant to“与相关”。答案：C8.A.easygoing B.hardgoingC.interesting D.instructive解析：根据本句中的转折词“However”和上文提到的“放纵自己的形象和海外志愿者项目紧紧相连”可知，此处指然而，这种工作有时会很艰难(hardgoing)。下文的叙述也描述了志愿者工作的艰难。答案：B9.A.still B.neverC.yet D.even解析：上文提到“亚利桑那州夏天的气温远高于35摄氏度”，故此处指如果你还要每次搬10小时50公斤重的混凝土的话，这样的气温决不宜人。此处要用never表示否定。答案：B10.A.enriched B.challengedC.improved D.affected解析：根据上文中的“And then there was the wildlife to deal with”可知，和野生动物打交道让作者的性格变得坚强，还消除了作者对英国家庭中会出现的蜘蛛的恐惧。improve“提高，改善”。答案：C11.A.fear B.curiosityC.frustration D.dislike解析：参见上题解析。fear“恐惧”。答案：A12.A.Why B.HowC.Who D.What解析：根据下文中的“Probably they want to _13_ things to the world”可知，此处指为什么大部分人做志愿者呢。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作for的宾语，且此处指“为了什么”，故选What。答案：D13.A.take out B.give backC.make up D.bring in解析：许多人参加志愿者活动是想回馈世界，做一些力所能及的事。give back“回馈”。答案：B14.A.succeed B.rememberC.learn D.benefit解析：根据空后的“just as much as the local communities and ecosystems youre helping”可知选benefit“受益”。此处指，但实际上，你在做志愿者的同时也获益匪浅，如同你帮助的当地社区和生态系统一样。答案：D15.A.unreal B.unbearableC.unbelievable D.unforgettable解析：上下文中都提到了作者从事的志愿者活动给他带来的好处，故此处指这是一次难忘的(unforgettable)经历。答案：D16.A.meaning B.appreciationC.understanding D.commitment解析：比起一般的游客，作者对当地的环境有了更深刻的理解 (understanding)。下文的“park rangers(护林者) who knew _18_ of the areas history and ecosystem”是提示。答案：C17.A.interviewing B.meetingC.inviting D.recording解析：作者在从事志愿者活动时遇见(meeting)了以前的国家公园护林者，他们非常了解这个地区的历史和生态系统。答案：B18.A.perfectly B.partlyC.naturally D.vividly解析：参见上题解析。know perfectly of.“非常了解”。答案：A19.A.origins B.platformsC.cultures D.schools解析：根据下文中的“from Belgians to South Koreans”可知，此处指最有益的是，这10周作者和来自不同文化(cultures)的年轻人一起度过。答案：C20.A.campaign B.promiseC.contest D.bond解析：前面提到“But best of all， my 10 weeks were spent volunteering with young people”，故这里指作者离开亚利桑那州回到家时，已经和来自全世界的人建立了一生的联系(bond)。答案：D