高考英语二轮复习 专题一 阅读理解训练8 词语意义猜测（含解析）1

专题一 阅读理解训练8词语意义猜测A(导学号59430068)You use her as a shoulder to cry on.She texts you back with casual jokes.But she，Xiaoice，is only a virtual chatbot.Xiaoice，Microsofts latest artificial intelligence robot，was briefly released in 2014，and returned to WeChat in 2015，where she_became_a_big_hitMillions of young Chinese now exchange messages with her daily，The New York Times reported.On WeChat，Xiaoice is an official account.After following it，users can start textbased conversations with Xiaoice.“Xiaoices incredible learning ability was why people loved to talk with her，” Liu Jinchang，a researcher at Hightech Research and Development Centre under the Ministry of Science and Technology，told China Daily.Apart from her ability to identify photos and send emojis (表情符号) in conversations，Xiaoice gains 45 percent of her knowledge from interacting with users，China Daily reported.Chatbot programmes first appeared in the mid1960s in the US.Driven by top tech companies，they are becoming smarter and more common.For instance，IBMs latest artificial intelligence programme served as an academic consultant at Australias Deakin University，answering students questions about course schedules and financial aid.Apples Siri and Amazons Alexa have been used as voice assistants who can read news，play music and even make jokes for their users.These programmes are expected to move beyond smartphones，into televisions，cars and living rooms，The New York Times pointed out.However，it may take decades before scientists develop a “Samantha”，the advanced chatbot seen in the fiction film Her.In the film，Samantha sparks a romantic relationship with her user played by US actor Joaquin Phoenix.Many viewers are enthusiastic about this fantasy of virtual soul mate.【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了微软官方推出的一款人工智能机器人“微软小冰”，用户可以与它进行对话交流。1What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean?AShe became a bestseller.BShe became very powerful.CShe became a moneymaker.DShe became very popular.解析：句意猜测题。依据下文的“Millions of young Chinese now exchange messages with her daily”可知，画线句意为“微软小冰变得非常受欢迎”，因此选D项。答案：D2Which of the following can Xiaoice do?ADo housework.BSpread messages.CIdentify various photos.DRead news to its users.解析：细节理解题。依据第三段中的“Apart from her ability to identify photos and send emojis (表情符号) in conversations”可知，微软小冰能够识别各种各样的照片，故选C项。答案：C3Which companys chatbot programme can act as an academic consultant?AMicrosoft.BIBM.CApple. DAmazon.解析：细节理解题。依据第四段的第三句可知，在澳大利亚的迪肯大学，IBM公司的人工智能程序担任学术咨询顾问，故选B项。答案：B4What can be learned from the last paragraph?AChatbots mainly run on smartphones now.BItll take decades to apply chatbots to cars.CSamantha is played by a US actor in the film.DThe film Her doesnt interest many audiences.解析：推理判断题。依据尾段的第一句可知，这些聊天程序希望将来能用在电视、汽车和起居室，句中的“beyond smartphones”暗示着现在这款程序主要用于智能手机。答案：AB(导学号59430069)People need to seek out new foods because the world has so many mouths to feed.As of 2015，there are more than seven billion people on Earth，according to the United Nations.And by 2100 that number may double.Feeding all of these people means not only improving the way foods are grown，but also finding new sources of nutrition.And that_quest is becoming ever more urgent.If nothing changes，within 35 years，the worlds appetite will be greater than the amount of foods produced.Thats according to a report released last year.It was prepared by the Global Harvest Initiative，a private agriculture group based in Washington，DC.Global warming，too，is changing food production. Scientists predict that rising temperatures will reduce the growth of important crops like wheat，corn and soybeans.Lowincome developing countries will be hit the hardest.When harvests fall，crops become more expensive.And since those foods are also used to feed animals like cows and pigs，meat prices，too，will rise.All over the world，researchers are racing against the clock to figure out how best to feed more people in a fastchanging world.And some surprising ideas have begun to come up.Two years ago，scientists introduced the first burger made from meat grown in a lab.The project cost more than $300，000，but its a start.Other researchers are developing seeds that can survive high temperatures and drought.Still others are finding ways to improve the genes of meat animals so they produce more meat and can stand the heat.A gloomy (悲观的) forecast for the planet isnt the only reason to study foods for the future.Its a creative quest that will inspire people who can think in new ways about existing plants and animalseven insects.These researchers have used their talents in ways that even they never would have predicted.【语篇解读】本文主要讲的是在全球变暖的环境下，人们应如何应对日益膨胀的人口的温饱问题。5What do the underlined words “that quest” in Paragraph 2 refer to?AThe research on foods.BThe increase of population.CThe variety of nutrition.DThe change of appetite.解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段的最后一句及下文的食物研究可知，画线词指对食物的研究。答案：A6How does global warming affect lowincome developing countries?aIncrease meat prices.bRaise the temperature.cReduce the growth of crops.dLead to the high cost of life.eCause a higher price for crops.Abacde BcabdeCdecab Dbcead解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的整体内容可知，全球变暖首先是导致气温上升，然后是农作物减产，从而农作物价格上涨，进而肉类涨价，最终会导致人们生活成本增加。答案：D7What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4?ANew ways of farming.BSome great researchers.CProgress in food research.DAchievements in lab experiments.解析：段落大意题。根据第四段的第二句“And some surprising ideas have begun to come up”并结合本段的整体内容可推知，本段主要讲述的是食物研究方面的进步。答案：C8What will be discussed in the following paragraph?AExamples of successful food researchers.BDifferent opinions about the future food.CMethods of dealing with global warming.DPossibilities of feeding the present population.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句“These researchers have used their talents in ways that even they never would have predicted”并结合本段的整体内容可推知，下文会举一些成功的食物研究者的例子。答案：ACThe old shopkeeper led me through to the back of the shop.The room was filled with boxes and dusty photographs of people holding packages in their hands.Mr Hopkins said，“We have a very wide choice of items for sale.Whenever I serve a new customer，I take his picture.” Mr Hopkins pointed to an ancient camera on a table.I began to appreciate the lovely items on sale.I spent a very pleasant hour being shown the commodities in the shop.Finally，I bought an antique jewelry box，a pair of riding boots and a sewing machine.I was very excited that I had found such a good little shop.“I will tell all my friends about your lovely place.” I told the shopkeeper.“Please dont do that，sir，” said Mr Hopkins.“This is a special place for special people.You must keep this shop a secret.” Then he took my photograph and handed me the picture straight away.“That was quick！” I exclaimed.In the picture I looked proud and excited holding the presents I had bought there.On Christmas Day，my friends and relatives were delighted with the presents I had bought for them.For weeks，my brother begged me to take him to the wonderful little shop.I finally agreed.We walked along Oxford Street，passed the department store and found nothing.In its place was an empty space being used as a car park.I checked the area again.There was the music shop，and there was the department store.In between should have been Hopkins and Son，but it wasnt there. Just then，an old policeman came.“Are you looking for something，sir？” he asked.“I am looking for a little shop called Hopkins and Son.”“Oh yes，there was a shop here once called Hopkins and Son.But it was knocked down over 30 years ago.”I looked again at the place，and then I reached into my pocket and took out the photograph that Mr Hopkins had taken of me holding my presents in the little shop.“How strange！” I screamed.【语篇解读】作者在一个商店买了一些别样的圣诞礼物，但是几个星期后再去，那个商店早已经不在了。难道这一切都是一场梦？9What did the author think of Hopkins and Son?ABig and modern.BOld and outdated.CLittle and dusty. DLovely and wonderful.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“I had found such a good little shop”“I will tell all my friends about your lovely place”可知，作者觉得霍普金斯和儿子这个店极好。答案：D10We can infer from Paragraph 4 that Mr Hopkins _Awas ashamed of his little shopBdidnt like his shop to be advertisedCwas one of the authors special friendsDhanded the author his picture immediately解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的“This is a special place for special people.You must keep this shop a secret”可推知，霍普金斯先生并不想让自己的店被很多人知道，故选B项。答案：B11What does the underlined word “commodities” refer to?AThe goods in the shop.BThe authors gifts.CPhotographs taken by Mr Hopkins.DPackages held by other customers.解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段的最后一句“Finally，I bought an antique jewelry box，a pair of riding boots and a sewing machine”可知，作者看过店里的商品后，挑了几件自己如意的东西买了，由此可推知commodities的含义是商品。答案：A12What can we learn about the shop?AIt was closed by the police.BIt was wellknown in that area.CIt was knocked down a few weeks ago.DIt was between a music shop and a department store.解析：细节理解题。根据第七段的“There was the music shop，and there was the department store.In between should have been Hopkins and Son，but it wasnt there”可知，Hopkins and Son位于一个音乐店铺和一家百货公司之间。答案：DDWeve all had a bad feeling soon after a hearty lunch.You cant stay focused，your energy level falls，and you wish you possessed a warm blanket so you could curl up under your desk for a quick nap.But you have important things to dolike completing that project or leading a team meeting in less than an hour.You dont have to suffer that_fate anymore.I have four foods that will get your focus back on track so that you can finish your workday stronger than you started.Keep these products handy in your office，and youll never suffer from that 2 pm mental slog ever again.Green TeaWhile coffee is an important afternoon pickmeup，green tea should not be overlooked.The unique combination of the amino acid thiamine (硫胺素) and caffeine has been shown across several studies to improve creativity，ability to multitask，and reaction time.Try some amazing tea recipes to get started.AlmondsAlmonds are a great afternoon recharger and research from Purdue University shows they will also aid in your weightloss efforts.This is because almonds provide sustained energy: a mix of fat，fiber，and protein.Those elements allow almonds to offer a convenient snack that gives you a smooth shot of energy that comes from controlling your blood sugar levels.Plus，research shows that people who regularly eat nuts have as much as a 50 percent reduced risk of having a heart attack.Greek YogurtResearch from the University of Missouri shows that protein helps your body into better blood sugar control by stimulating the release of the hormone glucagon (胰高血糖素)Aim for a cup that has 20 to 23 grammes of protein for your snack.Dark ChocolateDespite often being viewed as a bad dietary food，dark chocolate can help fight off that urge to take a nap in the middle of the day.While dark chocolate does contain small amounts of caffeine，its real power comes from phenethylamine (苯乙胺)Research from Middlesex University in London shows that just smelling chocolate can shift brain activity towards greater attention.【语篇解读】午餐太过丰盛常导致下午注意力不集中和工作效率下降。文章介绍了几种可以防止此现象发生的餐后小吃。13The underlined expression “that fate” in Paragraph 2 probably means “_”Astaying focusedBpossessing low energy levelChaving a slow napDcurling up under your desk解析：词义猜测题。根据该句中的“You dont have to suffer”和第一段第二句中的“You cant stay focused，your energy level falls”可知，午餐吃得过丰盛会让人产生不舒适的情况；据此可知，画线词指“注意力不集中，精力下降”，故B项正确。画线词后一句中的“get your focus back on track”也是提示。答案：B14Which of the following statements is true?AWhite coffee cant help us stay focused in the afternoon.BEating almonds regularly can help us lose weight.CDark chocolate can help us have a good nap in the afternoon.DHaving no lunch can help us stay focused in the afternoon.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句“Almonds are a great.will also aid in your weightloss efforts”可知，常吃杏仁有利于减肥，故B项正确。答案：B15The passage mainly talks about _Afoods that fight off an afternoon depressionBfeelings that we have after we have a delicious lunchCtips that we should follow to keep healthyDthings that we can do in our office after a good lunch解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文第二段的第二句“I have four foods that will get your focus back on track so that you can finish your workday stronger than you started”为文章的主题句，结合下文介绍的四种食品可知，本文主要介绍了几种能帮助抵制午后消沉，恢复下午工作能力的食物，故A项正确。B项仅为文章的细节之一；C项与文意无关；D项概括太宽泛，范围太广。答案：A