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Unit1Howcanwebecomegoodlearners?,SectionA3GrammarFocus-4c,Freetalk,Talkaboutthewaysyoulearnothersubjects.Youcanusethefollowingphrasesandsentences.,HowdoyoulearnChinese/math/physics/chemistry?Doyoulearnhistoryandgeographyby_?,4aAnswerthequestions.Thenmatchthequestionsandanswers.,1.Howdoyoupracticespeaking?2.Howdoyoulearnnewwords?3.Howdoyouimproveyourwriting?4.Howdoyoupracticelistening?5.Howdoyouimproveyourpronunciation?6.Howdoyoulearngrammar?,1.Howdoyoupracticespeaking?2.Howdoyoulearnnewwords?3.Howdoyouimproveyourwriting?4.Howdoyoupracticelistening?5.Howdoyouimproveyourpronunciation?6.Howdoyoulearngrammar?,cefbad,a.BywatchingEnglishprograms.b.Bylisteningtoatapeandrepeatingoutloud.c.Byhavingconversationswithfriends.d.Bytakingnotes,doingexercisesandreadingalot.e.Bymakingwordcards.f.Bywritinge-mailstomypenpals.,matchphysicschemistryChinesehistorygeography,4bCompletethesestatements.Useinformationthatistrueforyou.,e.g.IusuallypracticemyEnglishbytakingnotes/readingbooksandnewspapers/speakingEnglishwithmyclassmates/memorizingsentencepatterns.,a.Iusuallypracticemymathby_.b.Iusuallypracticemyphysicsby_.c.Iusuallypracticemychemistryby_.d.IusuallypracticemyChineseby_.e.Iusuallypracticemyhistoryandgeographyby_.,4cCheck()whatyoudotolearnEnglish.Theninterviewyourpartner.,A:DoyoulearnEnglishbydoinggrammarexercises?B:Yes,Ido.A:Howoftendoyoudothem?B:,GrammarFocus,定义:它是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式。基本形式:V-ing作用:动名词具有名词的性质，在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、定语等。,动名词,动名词的基本用法,1.用作主语所表动作比较抽象，或者泛指习惯性的动作。e.g.Playingwithfireisdangerous.注意：动名词做主语，有时先用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。这种用法在习惯句型中常用。,1)Itisnouse/good/useless+doing2)Itisawasteoftime+doing3)Itisfun+doing在以上结构中常用动名词作主语。e.g.Itsnousecryingoverspiltmilk.(覆水难收）Itisfunplayingwithchildren.和孩子们一起玩真好。,2.用作宾语,1)作动词的宾语常见的此类动词有：practise,enjoy,finish,giveup,cannothelp,keep,keepon,mind,miss,putoff,dependon,thinkabout,succeedin,worryabout,beusedto,getusedto,lookforwardto,payattentionto,等。e.g.Howdoyoupracticespeaking?Ihavetofinishreadingabookandgiveareport.,2)作介词的宾语1.IlearnEnglishbydoinggrammarexercises.2.Shallwehavearestorgetdowntodoingourwork?3.Hewaslateagainbecauseofgettinguplate.4.Lockthedoorsandwindowsbeforegoingout.5.What/Howaboutthetwoofusplayinggames？,1.Shecanthelp_(cry)after_(hear)thebadnews.2.Doyoufeellike_(have)abreak?,活学活用,hearing,having,crying,3)既可接动名词又可接不定式的常用动词有：remember,forget,regret,mean,try等，但表达的意义不同。e.g.Irememberseeingheratthehotel.我记得在宾馆见过她。(动作发生了)Iwillremembertoseeheratthehotel.我记着要去宾馆见她。(动作尚未发生),1.remember/forget/regret,todo动作尚未发生,doing动作已经发生,2.try,todo设法、努力去做，尽力,doing试试去做（看有何结果）,3.mean,todo打算做（主语一般是人）,doing意味着（主语一般是物）,4.regret,todo对将要做的事抱歉,doing对已经发生的事感到后悔,5.stop,todo停下去做另外一件事,doing停止做手头的事情,.作表语动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。,e.g.Yourtaskiscleaningthewindows.你的任务就是擦窗户。(Cleaningthewindowsisyourtask.)WhatIhatemostisbeinglaughedat.我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。(BeinglaughedatiswhatIhatemost.),动名词有时态和语态的变化。,动名词的时态和语态的基本形式：（以write为例）,注意：动名词的否定形式是：notwriting,动名词的复合结构：动名词的逻辑主语动名词动名词的复合结构,Wouldyoumind_（我开窗户吗）?Wouldyoumindmy/meopeningthewindow?my/me称为动名词的逻辑主语。IcantunderstandJack/Jacksleavinghiswife.Icantunderstandhis/himleavinghiswife.Jacks/Hisleavinghiswifeisunbelievable.,选择题：,1.Mywatchneeds_,butIhavenotimetogototowntohaveit_.A.torepair;repairedB.toberepaired;repairingC.repairing;repairedD.beingrepaired;repaired,活学活用,2.Youshouldapologizetoyoursisterfor_herthetruth.A.tellingB.nottellingC.tellingnotD.nottell3.-Thelightintheofficeisstillon.-Oh,Iforgot_itoff.A.turningB.turnC.toturnD.havingturned,4.Hearingthebadnews,themothercouldnthelp_.A.tocryB.cryingC.cryD.cries5.Ourteachertoldustospendsometime_Englisheveryday.A.topractisespeakingB.practisingspeakingC.topractisetospeakD.practisingtospeak,6.Itisnouse_withoutdoing.A.topromiseB.promisingC.promiseD.tobepromised,WriteashortcompositionabouthowtolearnEnglish.,Homework,
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