《句子成分讲解》PPT课件.ppt

ThePartsofasentence,句子成分,SubjectandPredicate,Everycompletesentencecontainstwoparts:asubjectandapredicate.Thesubjectiswhat(orwhom)thesentenceisabout,whilethepredicatetellssomethingaboutthesubject.,主语(subject)：是一句的主体，是全句述说的对象，常用名词，数词或代词担任，一般放于句首。谓语：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。,1.Thesimplesubject,whenstrippedofallthewordsthatmodifyit,isknownasthesimplesubject.去掉所有的修饰词后剩下的核心词语e.g.Thegreenbookisworthtendollars.,2.simplepredicate,Thesimplepredicateistheparticularwordorwordsthatweusetoexpressaction.Modifiersarenotpartofit.e.g.Johnwasgoingtothestore.,3.Compoundsubjectsandverbs,Acompoundsubjectisasubjectthatconsistsoftwoormorewordsconnectedususallybyandoror.e.g.JohnandNancywerethere.Hereads,writesandspeaksFrenchfluently.,4.Howtofindthesubjectofasentence,Thesubjectofasentenceisneverinaprepositionalphrase.e.g.Neitheroftherivalssurvivedtheduel.Afewofthestudentspasstheexam.,1.Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.2.WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.3.One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.4.Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.5.Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.6.Therichshouldhelpthepoor.,（名词）,（代词）,（数词）,（不定式）,（动名词）,（名词化的形容词）,7.WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.8.Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.,（主语从句）,（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）,Complements,补语（Complement）是一种补足主语和宾语意义的句子成分。一、主语的补语：它用在系动词后，是句子的一个基本成分。常用主系表结构e.g.MissLiisateacher.HewascalledoldLi.Hisspeechseemedtiresome.Theskywasdarkblue.,二、宾语的补语,置于宾语之后补充说明宾语的动作，状态，特征的成分叫做宾语补语（ObjectComplement），宾补可以是名词或形容词。,1）动词elect,appoint,call,name,make,find,leave等后面常接名词用作宾语补足语。e.g.他的父亲给他取名为小明HisfathernamedhimXiaoMing.在会议上，我们选他为班长Atthemeetingweelectedhimmonitor.我们觉得她是个好老师。Weconsiderheragoodteacher.,2）动词keep,make,paint,cut,find,consider,wipe等后面常接形容词用作宾语补足语。e.g.你让她很生气。Youmadeherangry.理发师把我的头发剪短了Thebarbercutmyhairshort.我觉得教室很空。Ifoundtheclassroomempty.,双宾语,双宾语由直接宾语（directobject）和间接宾语(indirectobject)组成。直接宾语是谓语动词的承受者，间接宾语表示谓语动作的方向（对谁做）或动作的目标（为谁做）。英语中，有些及物动词可接两个宾语，即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语。常用句型：S+V+I.O+D.O,一般的句式：verb+sb+sth=verb+sth.+to+sb.这类动词后面的间接宾语后置时，间接宾语前要用介词to。Pleaseshowmeyourpassport.Pleaseshowyourpassporttome.请把护照给我看一下。But,ourtextbookhassomenewrules.,能接双宾语的动词,awardsbsth奖励某人bringsbsth把某物带给某人offersbsthowesbsth欠某人某物paysbsth付给某人某物showsbsthwritesbsthpromisesbsth,Thankyouverymuch!,