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Lesson5SpeechonHitlersInvasionoftheU.S.S.R.,BackgroundInformation:,SirWinstonLeonardSpencerChurchill(Nov.30,1874-Jan.24,1965)May1940-May1945firsttenureasP.M.Oct.1951-Jan.1955secondtenureasP.M.1953WontheNobelPrizeinLiteratureHeistheonlyBritishPrimeMinisterwhohaseverreceivedtheNobelPrizeinLiteratureandthesecondpersontobemadeanHonoraryCitizenoftheUnitedStates.OnJune22,1941,asHitlerstartedanundeclaredwaragainstRussia,Churchillworkedonaspeechtobebroadcasttothewholeworld.,QuestionsforDiscussion,1.WhenandhowdidtheGermansattacktheSovietUnion?2.WhatwasChurchillsreactiontothenewsofHitlersinvasionofRussia?3.WhatpolicydidChurchilldeclareBritainwouldpursue?4.What,accordingtoChurchill,wasHitlersmotiveininvadingRussia?,TextAnalysis（I）,Inthespeech,ChurchilldenouncedtheNaziregimeasmostwicked,causingunprecedenteddeathanddestructioninthehumanhistory.NowitinvadedRussia,andtheRussiansoldiersweremakingalife-or-deathattempttofightagainsttheGermans.Thiswasacrucialpoint.,TextAnalysis（II）,ChurchilldeclaredtheBritishgovernmentspolicy-todestroyHitlerandeveryvestigeoftheNaziregime.Therefore,hecalledonalltheirfriendsandalliestouniteandfighttogether.ChurchillpointedoutthatthiswasonlyapreludetoaninvasionofBritain.Thus,thedangerofRussiawasthatofBritain.United,theanti-fascistcountrieswouldsurvive;separated,theywouldbestruckdownonebyone.,Style,Narration+ArgumentIntroduction(Forespeech)+SpeechPropermasterpiecesoforationhighlypersuasiveandconvincingBriefandconciselanguageeloquent:forcefulexpressions,structure,wordswithabstractmeaningemotional:languagetoarousesympathy,hatredandpassionTowinsupportandhelptoencourage,StructuralAnalysis,PartI(Para1-6):apieceofnarration-BackgroundofthespeechPartII(Para7-13):anargumentSection1(Para7-9):Scenarioonbothsidesoftheborder;toarouseemotion.Section2(Para10-12):Whatweshoulddo.Section3(Para13):Furtherpersuasion,toconvincetheaudienceofthejustificationofthedecision.,RhetoricalDevices,Parallelstructure/ParallelismWeshallfighthimbyland,weshallfighthimbysea,weshallfighthimintheairIseetheRussiansoldiersstandingIseethemguardingIseethetenthousandvillages,RhetoricalDevices,RepetitionWewillneverparley,wewillnevernegotiate.InversionFromthisnothingwillturnusnothing.butthisIwillsayRhetoricalQuestionbutcanyoudoubtwhatourpolicywillbe?,RhetoricalDevices,PeriodicSentence(圆周句/尾重句）Longandfrequentlyinvolvedsentenceinwhichthemainideaisreservedtotheendofthesentence.Thusthemeaningofthesentenceisnotcompleteduntilthefinalword-usuallywithanemphaticclimax.把关键意思放在整句末尾，将次要的放在句首。读者只有读完全句才能了解该句完整含义的句子结构，圆周句又叫“掉尾句”。从语法上看，圆周句是个不可分割的语言单位。它在结构上没有固定模式，大多情况下是把较长的状语提前，而把较短的主句放在最后。通常，从句在前，主句在句末，这就是复合句的圆周句模式E.g.Itisatruthuniversallyacknowledgedthatasinglemaninpossessionofafortunemustbeinwantofawife.(PrideandPrejudice),
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