外研版高二英语必修五Module-4-Carnival知识点讲解与练习

外研版高二英语必修五Module 4 CarnivalPart1词汇精讲精练一、重点词汇1. mark vt.1 to write, to draw a symbol, line.做记号 mark A with B; mark B on A 用B在A上做记号eg. Some drivers mark the cars_”New Drivers. Take Care Please”.2 to celebrate or officially remember an event 纪念eg.This is a ceremony_the 100th anniversary of The Revolution of 1911.3 to be a sign that sth. new is going to happen 标志着eg. _Ben Laden_a great change in anti-terrorism war in Afghanistan.(本 拉登的死标志着在阿富汗的反恐战争发生了巨大变化。）4 to give marks to students work 批改eg. I hate_.(我讨厌批改试卷）n. 污点（spot,dirt); 符号，记号；成绩，分数be marked with 标记着be marked on 标记在mark down 记下，降低价格、分数make ones mark 出名，成功Exercise:写出下列句子中mark的含义1 He made marks with a pencil.2 The festival is to mark the citys 200th anniversary.3 He was marking essay in his small study.4 He did well to get such a good mark.There is no_of rain today. It is not necessary for you to take your raincoat.A. mark B.symbol C.sign D.messageThrough hard work, the girl has achieved_progress since the beginning of this semester.A. remarked B.remarking C.marked D.remarkable2.dress vi./vt.sb. dress sb. be dressed in=dress oneself in dress up as /for 装扮成；为装扮dress sb. up as /for 把某人装扮成/为装扮某人eg. _a long time_.(她穿衣要花很长时间。） He_and went out in a hurry.(他给儿子穿好衣服就匆匆出去了。） Many people_animals during carnival.(在狂欢节期间，很多人都把自己打扮成动物。）比较：put on, wear, dress, have onExercise:1 Hurry up! _your coat_.2 She_a diamond necklace.3 She_her baby.4 Jane_a red jacket_.5 Do you know the boy who is_a red T-shirt?A.putting on B.wearing in C.dressed in D.having on3.originate v. to happen or appear for the first time in a place or situation 起源，发源 eg. The style of architecture_Greece. (这种建筑风格起源于希腊。） origin n. the point from which sth.starts 起源，源头 eg. Most coughs are viral_. (大多数咳嗽是由病毒引发的。） original1 adj. at the beginning of a particular process 原来的，起初的2 n. a document or art produced for the first time 真迹，原稿eg. This painting is a copy._is in the Summer Palace. （这是复制品，原件在故宫里。）4. come to an end to reach the point at which sth. can no longer continue 结束 eg. The meeting_.(会议午夜才结束。） put.to an end=put an end to. 使结束eg. Mankind must put an end to war or war will put mankind to an end.come about come across come at come upcome up with an idea come on come out 填空：1 How did it come_that you both got lost? I thought you had a map.2 Come_, or we will be late for the opening ceremony.3 He came_me like a tiger.4 When the examination result came_, he had already got a job.5 I sowed the seeds over a month ago, but they havent come_yet.5. prepare prepare for prepare vt. eg. Mon_a big turkey and Dad_the family union party. be prepared for=_; (为做好了准备） eg. -Are you_the exam? -No, I need two more hours. I havent remembered all the words. A.prepared B.preparing C.prepared for D.preparing for6. extend v. 延长，延伸 eg. Students dont like the teachers _ . (学生不喜欢经常拖堂的老师）extension. n.伸展，延长，扩大eg. We plan to have . 我们打算扩建这家医院。Extended adj. 扩大的，扩展的，大的 extended family 大家庭，几世同堂7. 7. ban/ abolish v8. Ban 明令禁止，取缔，禁止9. Abolish 主要指废除“法律，制度，习俗”等She is driving for six months. 她已被禁驾6个月。There are many bad customs and laws that 许多不良内容和法规应予以废除。8. EndOn end 直立，竖着Bring/put an end to sth.Bring/put sth. to an end结束某件事In the end 最后，终于At the end of 在 末端、后By the end of 在 结束时，在 末尾Make both ends meet 使收支相抵Her sudden arrival put an end to the meeting.Low as his salary is ,he can make both ends meet.9. 9. Hide-hid-hiden v. 隐瞒，藏，遮蔽10. Hide oneself behind the door 躲在门后（表动作）Be hidden behind the door 藏在门后（表状态） Hide.from.把 藏起来Hide away 藏起来e.g. They hide me from the police in their attic.(阁楼)She tried to .她没法不表露自己的情感10.pretend 伪装，假装Pretend to do Pretend to be doingPretend to have donePretend to be +adj./n Pretend that. Eg. She pretended to be reading a novel when I came into the room.She pretends that she likes them so that she can get their help.The young actor pretended to be Hamlet. 那个年轻的演员扮演哈姆雷特。二词汇小练习11. The sentimental lady tried_her feelings under the mask, but her tones gave her away. (hide)2. Some ordinary people could do nothing but_rich and important, while popular personalities could have romantic adventures in secret. (pretend)3. The travel agency has set out_a direct flight for tomorrows trip to London. (book)4. The manager_our holiday by three days into the following week, as we had completed the_long-period research. (extend)5. Your_seems to be getting worse, as you cant recall the memorable names at the war_ceremony. (memorize)6. After the first_for lung cancer, she required_again. (operator)7. Carnival, actually_from Europe, is celebrated with the mystery of the masks. (origin)8. Since people have no idea what the faces behind the various masks look like, many crimes go_.(punishment)9. The costumes and sights change from country to country but the festive_is the same everywhere. (exciting)10. In the late 1970s the tradition carnival_by some students. (revive)词汇小练习1答案：1. to hide2. pretend to be3. to book4. extended; extensive5. memory; memorial6. operation; to be operated on/operating on7. originating8. unpunished9. excitement10. was revived词汇小练习21. The man with black on his white trousers told me the white painted on the trees the starting point of the right route. (mark)2. Bad customs and rules deserve . ( abolish)3. In our class, when the bell gives the and the teacher closes his books, it is a for everyone to stand up. (sign)4. Carnival became a relaxing way to different countries, as people forgot their everyday worries and troubles. (union)5. for a big anniversary celebration were under way. (prepare)6. The company plan to its commercial operations into EU members. (extension)7. They planned to make a tour in Northern Europe to celebrate their silver . (wed)8. enough, a woman seated beside me gave up eating when she saw me wash the dry food down that loudly way. (fun)词汇小练习2答案：1. Marks, mark, marked2. To be abolished/ abolishing3. Signal, sign4. unite5. preparations6. extend7. wedding8. FunnilyPart2 语法强化Grammar Passive Voice(被动语态)1、概念被动语态(passive voice)是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般来说，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。2、结构被动语态的基本结构为“be+及物动词的过去分词”。在各个常用时态中的被动语态结构如下表： 时态Tense被动语态Passive Voice一般现在时simple presentam/is/are done一般过去时simple pastWas/were done一般将来时future Will be done 现在完成时present perfect Have/has done过去完成时 past perfect Had been done现在进行时present continuousam/is/are being done过去进行时past continuousWas/were being donee.g. You are wanted on the phone . 有你的电话。（一般现在时） The railway was built in 1998. 这条铁路建于1998 年。（一般过去时） A new railway is being built in this city. 这个城市正在修建一条新的铁路。（现在进行时） The railway was being built this time last year.去年这个时候这条铁路正在修建。（过去进行时） The new railway has already been built.新铁路已经建成了。（现在完成时） The new railway had been built by the end of last year.（过去完成时） A new railway will be built in this city next year.这个城市明年将建一条新的铁路。（一般将来时）He told us that the new railway would be built the next year.（过去将来时） 3、主动句变被动句所遵循的4个步骤 （1）把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语。 （2）把动词变为被动形式，即be+过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语 的变化而变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。（3）原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现，如不需要则可省略。（4）其他成分（定语、状语）不变。e.g. The government cancelled the sports meeting because of the bad weather.(主动语态) The sports meeting was cancelled by the government because of the bad weather. (被动语态)注：当不强调动作的执行者的时候可以把by去掉。4、其他可以表示被动的结构 （1）get +动词的过去分词e.g. He got injured in the traffic accident last week.（2）look, sound, feel, smell, taste, become, get, turn, grow, fall, go, stay, keep, appear, seem, prove+形容词/名词。 e.g. He proved (to be) a good guide during the journey to Canada. （3）表示开始、结束、运动的动词。 e.g. The plane takes off at 7a.m tomorrow. The shop closes at 6 p.m. every day.（4）表示主语的某种属性特征的动词。如：read，sell，wash，write，act，iron，cut，draw，drive，clean，wear，open，cook，lock，shut，dry，eat，drink，etc.e.g. This kind of cloth washes well. Your pen writes smoothly.（5）少数动词用于进行时态，其主动形式表示被动含义。e.g. the new edition of the book is printing.（6）介词in，on，under等+名词。 e.g. The house is under repair. Today some treasures are on show.及时演练( ) （1）-why did you have that position? -I a better position at IBM.A. offer B. offered C. am offered D. was offered ( )（2）The office is wonderful! it doesnt taste like anything I before.A. was having B. have C. have ever had D. had ever had ( )（3）The heros story differently in the newspapers.A. was reported B. was reporting C. reports D. reported ( )（4）When the old man to walk back to his house, the sun itself behind the mountain.A. started; had already hidden B. had started; had already hidden C . had started; was hiding D. was starting; hid( )（5）He was hoping to go abroad but his parents that they wont support him unless he can borrow money from the bank.A. were deciding B. have decide C . decided D. will decide( )（6）I must go to the booking office quickly, or the tickets .A. sell well B. will sell out C . will be sold out D. will sell well( )（7）The storm left, a lot of damage to this area.A. caused B. to have caused C. To cause D. having caused ( )（8） ,the more expensive the camera, the better its quality.A. General speaking B. Speaking general C . Generally speaking D. Speaking generally( )（9）While watching television, .A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings C . we heard the doorbell rings D. we heard the doorbell ring( )（10）”You cant catch me !” Janet shouted, away.A. run B. running C . to run D. ran答案1-5 DCAAB 6-10CDCDBPart3随堂演练+课后作业完形填空I will never forget the year I was about twelve years old. My mother told us that we would not be _ 1 _ Christmas gifts because there was not enough money. I felt sad and thought, “What would I say when the other kids asked what Id 2 ?” Just when I started to 3 that there would not be a Christmas that year, three women 4at our house with gifts for all of us. For me they brought a doll. I felt such a sense of 5that I would no longer have to be embarrassed when I returned to school. I wasnt 6. Somebody had thought 7of me to bring me a gift.Years later, when I stood in the kitchen of my new house, thinking how I wanted to make my 8Christmas there special and memorable, I 9remembered the womens visit. I decided that I wanted to create that same feeling of10 for as many children as I could possibly reach.So I 11aplan and gathered forty people from my company to help. We gathered about 125 orphans (孤儿) at the Christmas party. For every child, we wrapped colorful packages filled with toys, clothes, and school supplies,12 with a childs name. We wanted all of them to know they were 13. Before I called out their names and handed them their gifts, I 14them that they couldnt open their presents 15every child had come forward. Finally the16 they had been waiting for came as I called out, “One, two, three. Open your presents!” As the children opened their packages, their faces beamed and their bright smiles 17up the room. The 18inthe room was obvious, and19 wasnt just about toys. It was a feeling the feeling I knew20that Christmas so long ago when the women came to visit. I wasnt forgotten. Somebody thought of me. I matter.1.A. sendingB. receivingC. makingD. exchanging2.A. foundB. preparedC. gotD. expected3.A. doubt B. hopeC. suggestD. accept4.A. broke in B. settled downC. turned up D. showed off5.A. relief B. lossC. achievementD. justice6. A. blamedB. lovedC. forgottenD. affected7. A. highlyB. littleC. poorlyD. enough8. A. presentB. firstC. recentD. previous9. A. hardlyB. instantlyC. regularlyD. occasionally10. A. strength B. independenceC. importanceD. safety11. A. kept up withB. caught up withC. came up with D. put up with12. A. none B. fewC. someD. each13. A. fineB. specialC. helpfulD. normal14. A. remindedB. guaranteedC. convinced D. promised15. A. after B. untilC. whenD. since16. A. chanceB. giftC. momentD. reward17. A. litB. tookC. burnedD. cheered18. A. atmosphereB. sympathyC. calmnessD. joy19. A. it B. suchC. something D. everybody20. A. byB. tillC. forD. from1,B解析：本题考查动词辨析。由上文可知，还是小孩子的我，在圣诞节来临，我应该是收到礼物，所以选择receiving。2,C解析：本题考查动词辨析。联系上下文，此处表达的意思是别人问我收到了什么礼物，所以选择got。3,D解析：本题考查动词辨析。联系上下文，推断此处表达的意思是：我开始接受没有礼物的现实，选择accept，其他三个选项意思都不符合。4,C解析：本题考查动词短语辨析。四个选项：break in闯入；settle down安居；turn up出现；show off炫耀。联系上下文此处是出现在我家，给我们圣诞礼物，故选择C，意思最贴切。5,A解析：本题考查名词辨析。根据下文：I would no longer have to be embarrassed when I returned to school（当我回到学校时，我不会再感到难堪了。）结合四个选项的意思，可以推断出此处是表示我解脱了，送了一口气，故选择A。6,C解析：本题考查动词辨析。分析四个选项，结合上下文，可以得知，这件礼物对我是多么重要，所以此处表达我将不会忘记这件事情，故选择C。7,D解析：本题考查短语辨析。联系上下文，首先排除B、C，think highly of sb的意思是“对评价很高”。此处根据作者的前面的心态，选择enough，表示有人关心自己。8,B解析：本题考查形容词辨析。联系上下文，提到是new house，肯定选择first，西方人对于圣诞节很重视，是一家人团圆的日子，所以此时表达重要性，作者想让自己在新家过的第一个圣诞节有意义。选择B。9,B解析：本题考查副词辨析。根据四个选项的意思，联系上下文，可了解当时作者那种激动的心情，所以应该是很快就想到了那件让她难忘的事情；故选择B。10,C解析：本题考查名词辨析。根据第一段中描述那次圣诞节礼物给我的感慨，和作者此刻的心情，她认为送圣诞节礼物的给自己以及给得到的孩子们的重要性。11,C解析：本题考查动词短语辨析。从上一段的可以推断，是我提出了（came up with）了一个让四十个人来我公司帮忙的计划。12,D解析：本题考查不定代词辨析。根据作者的想法，应该是每个人都有自己的圣诞节礼物，所以选择每个人（each）。13,B解析：本题考查形容词辨析。每个人都有属于自己的礼物，而且不是固定的，所以作者的意思是给孩子们启示：每个人都是独一无二的。14,A解析：本题考查动词辨析。从下文的“One, two, three. Open your presents!”可知，此时在分发礼物时，我提醒每个人开始不要打开礼物。15,B解析：本题考查连词辨析。同34题，此时选择until，直到每个人都拿到礼物。16,C解析：本题考查名词辨析。根据下文的意思，此处表达大家等待的拆礼物的时刻到来了，故选择moment。17,A解析：本题考查动词辨析。分析四个选项的意思，根据文章的上下文：他们灿烂的笑容照亮了整个房间，所以选择light的过去式lit。18,D解析：本题考查名词辨析。联系上下文，分析四个选项的意思，此处是表达欢乐，故选择D。19,A解析：本题考查代词辨析。联系上下文，得知：欢乐不仅仅是因为玩具。所以选择it，指代欢乐。20,D解析：本题考查介词辨析。联系上下文，此处表示：我从很久以前的那次圣诞节上获得的感觉再次感受到了。故选择from。The Munich Oktoberfest is the biggest public festival in the world and will be held in 2003 for the 170th time. Each year, the Oktoberfest 1 （attend） by around 6 million visitors, 2 drink around 5 million liters of beer and consume over 200,000 pairs of pork sausages - mostly in the beer tents put up by the traditional Munich breweries（酿酒厂）. The festivities 3 （accompany）by a program of events, 4 （include）the Grand Entry of the Oktoberfest Landlords and Breweries and the Costume and Riflemens Procession. The History of the Oktoberfest dates back to the 19th century. Crown Prince Ludwig, later to become King Ludwig I, was 5 （marry）to Princess Therese of Saxony-Hildburghausen on 12th October 1810.The citizens of Munich were invited to 6 the festivities held 7 the fields in front of the city gates to celebrate the happy royal event. Horse races in the presence of the Royal Family marked the close of the event that was celebrated as a festival for the whole of Bavaria. The decision to repeat the horse races in the subsequent year gave rise to the tradition of the Oktoberfest. In 1811 an added feature to the horse races was the first Agricultural Show, designed to boost Bavarian agricultureThe horse races, 8 were the oldest and the most popular event of the festival are no longer held today. 9 the Agricultural Show is still held every three years during the Oktoberfest on the southern part of the festival grounds. Today, the Oktoberfest is the largest festival in the world, 10 an international flavor characteristic of the 21th century: some 6 million visitors from all around the world converge on the Oktoberfest each year.答案：1.is attended 2.who 3.is accompanied 4.including 5.married to 6.attend 7.on 8.which 9.But 10.with语境练习：Billy对足球有特别的喜好（have a preference），因为看球赛总能让他感到放松（relaxed）。他总是提前在网上预定好票。他曾经告诉过我，他宁可（would rather）早些订票也不愿意在有票的观众（spectator）正欣赏比赛时自己却在球场外徘徊（wander），绝望地试图买到张票。Billy是曼联（Manchester United）的热心支持者。在足球传统颇强的英国，曼联在“十大最被拥戴的俱乐部”中排名第一（ranked first），利物浦（Liverpool）和阿森纳（Arsenal）紧随其后（followed by）。答案：Billy has a particular preference for football because he always feels relaxed watching a football game. He always book his tickets online in advance. He told me once that he would rather book tickets early than wander outside the stadium trying to get a ticket desperately while spectators with tickets are watching the game. Billy is an enthusiastic supporter of Manchester United. In Britain, where football tradition is strong, Manchester United is ranked first among the 10 most supported football clubs in England, followed by Liverpool and Arsenal. 阅读理解 A For years the Brits have most often been known as the villains of the piece when it comes to superhero movies - but the tables have now turned, with the two latest heroes set to hit the big screen hailing from British shores.Forget Terence Stamp as General Zod in Superman, Sir Ian McKellen as Magneto in X-Men and Alfred Molina as Doctor Octopus in Spider-Man.Enter Andrew Garfield as Spider-Man and Henry Cavill as Superman. Not to mention Christian Bale, who will play Batman for the third time in The Dark Knight Rises.Cavills casting marks the first time Superman - who fights for truth, justice and the American way - has been played by a non-US actor.Film critic Jason Solomons, says the casting of Cavill is weird.Im very surprised. Were more used to getting the villain roles, he says.Brits are much better at overcoming stammers than the forces of darkness, he adds, referring to Colin Firths much-lauded role in The Kings Speech.But Helen OHara from Empire magazine says it is not anything new.There was a trend a few years ago for Australian superheroes, Hugh Jackman as Wolverine, Eric Bana as Hulk. Then we had a Welsh trend, with Bale as Batman and Ioan Gruffud as Mr Fantastic (in the Fantastic Four).American accentsBut she concedes that the interesting one is Cavill - the first non-American actor to play Superman. Maybe it leaves the way open for an American to play Bond.One theory is that Garfield and Cavill were relatively unknown when they were cast - and so are unlikely to have had such large financial demands as more established US actors might.But Solomons believes that it is British actors themselves who have overcome a hurdle.Its a snobbery we have overcome ourselves (to play a superhero). And British actors have now got to grips with the technology, the special effects. We can do green screen, blue screen - and wear capes.Total Film writer George Wales thinks it is more down to individual talent.There is a current conception that British actors carry a certain amount of sway in Hollywoo