必修五第三单元导学案

登封实验高级中学英语导学案Book 5 Unit 3 Life in the future词汇课 于茉莉日期_ 班级_姓名_教学目标知识目标：掌握以下重点词汇及短语的意思及用法：impression, lack, switch, instan能力目标：1.在具体语境中识别和运用重点词汇及短语。 2. 能够用重点词汇及短语造简单的句子。情感目标：学生在词汇的理解、记忆、学习过程中，培养他们的合作学习能力教学重难点重点：学生能在具体的语境中识别和运用重点词汇及短语。难点：学生可以使用重点词汇造句。一 巩固默写1 n印象；感想；印记 v给某人深刻印象 adj.给人深刻印象的2 adj.时常发生的；连续不断的 adv.不断地3 adj.在前的；早先的4 n指导；向导；导游 vt.指引；指导5 n周围的事物；环境 adj.周围的 vt.围绕6 vt.容忍；忍受7 vi. & vt.缺乏；没有 n缺乏；短缺的东西8 n调整；调节 vt.调整；使适应9 v按；压；逼迫n.按；压；印刷；新闻 n压力10 vt.系牢；扎牢11 n开关；转换 vt.转换12 adj.乐观(主义)的 (反义词)13 n沙漠；荒原14 n打字员 n打字机15 n瞬间；片刻 adj.立即的；立刻的 adv.马上16 adj.贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的.重点短语扫描1 拿起；接受；开始；继续2 (困境后)恢复；完全复原3 看不见4 打扫；横扫5 (快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进6 加速7 结果8 与相似9 向四面八方10 带领某人参观二、课堂重点突破1. impression n.印痕；印记；印象；感想have an impression of sth.doing sth. 对(做)某事有印象make an impression on sb. 给某人留下印象make no impression on 对无影响效果Your performance gave me a strong impression.你的表演给我留下了很深的印象。What I said made no impression on him. 我的话对他不起作用。联想拓展impress v.留下印象impress sth.onupon ones mind 把牢记在心上She spoke very confidently because she wanted to make a great on her employer at the first time.A. Influence B. pressureC. Impression D. Effect2. lack v.&n. 缺乏；缺少的东西注意：lack作名词时，后常接of。lack作动词时，既可作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词，作不及物动词时，后常接for或in。lack不用于被动语态。常用结构：lack sth. 缺少某物lack for sth. 缺少；需要for/through lack of. 因缺乏He didnt go there because he lacked courage.他没去那里，因为他缺乏勇气。The plant died for lack of water.植物因缺水而死。They lacked for nothing.他们无所需求。联想拓展lacking adj. 匮乏的；不足的；没有的 be lacking in 缺乏（品质、特点等）She seems to be lacking in common sense.她似乎缺乏常识。Though money, his parents managed to send him to university. （201001陕西宝鸡检测）A. Lacked B. lacking ofC. Lacking D. lacked in 因为缺乏兴趣这次旅行被取消了。The trip was cancelled through .他缺乏信心。He .3. sight n. 视力；视觉；看见；光景，奇观；名胜常用结构：lose sight of 看不见；忘记；失去catch sight of sth./sb. 看见某物/人at first sight 初看之下；乍看起来 at (the) sight of 一看见就out of sight 看不见be in sight 看得见，在眼前 Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见,心不烦。Last summer we had seen the sights of Beijing.去年夏天我们游览了北京的名胜。Crusoe was frightened at the sight of a mans footprint.克鲁索看到一行人的脚印，他非常害怕。 For miles around me there was nothing but a desert, without a single plant or tree .A. in sight B. on earthC. at a distance D. in place 我们失去了许多珍贵的动物。We several precious animals.4. require vt. 需要；要求；命令常用结构：require that+主语+(should)+动词原形 需要某人做某事require sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事require sth.（of sb.） 要求（某人）某事I will do everything that is required of me.凡是要求我的事，我都会办到。The situation requires that I（should）be there.形势需要我去那里。温馨提示require后接宾语从句时，宾语从句必须用should do的虚拟语气，其中should可以省略。另外，表示“需要”，且是物作主语时，后接动词 ing形式的主动形式表示被动含义，可以等于不定式被动形式；在这一点上，need和want用法相同。The house requires mending.=The house requires to be mended. 房屋需要维修。All cars require servicing regularly.所有汽车都需要定期检修。They required him to keep it a secret.他们要求他对这事保密。In competition, women are required some of their exercises music. A. perform; to B. to perform; toC. performing; with D. to perform; by All the people present agreed that the matter required . A. to look into B. being looked intoC. to be looked D. looking into5. assist vt.&vi. 帮助；援助；参与;出席常用结构：assist sb. in/with sth. 帮助(某人)某事assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助(某人)做某事assist sb. to do sth. 帮助(某人)做某事assist with 帮助(照料，做)；在上给予帮助I am willing to assist you whenever there is an opportunity.有机会我愿随时帮你。Im afraid I cant assist you, you have to go and see the manager. 我恐怕帮不上忙，你得去找经理。The headmaster assists with a lot of things when free. 有空时校长会帮忙做很多事。The young nurse was very nervous when she in her first operation.A team of nurses the doctor performing the operation.She employed a woman to her the housework.Good glasses will you read.6. take up从事；占(时间、空间、注意力等)；继续This table takes up too much room. 这张桌子太占地方。She has taken up a job as a teacher. 她当上老师了。This chapter takes up where the last one off.本章继续上一章的内容。联想拓展take off 脱掉（衣服等）；起飞；打折；作为折扣而减价take over 接管；获得对的控制或管理take apart 拆开；分开后将分成许多部分take for 把视作；误认为take.for granted 认为是理所当然take down 写下；记下take back 收回(诺言)In Singapore, a southeastern Asian country, the Chinese people the largest percentage of its population, so you can speak Chinese there. A. make up B. take upC. hold up D. turn upSince the 2008 Olympic Games Beijing has taken a new look everywhere. A.Up B. on C. over D. Off7. sweep up打扫；横扫These students are sweeping up dead leaves.这些学生们正在扫(拢)落叶。He ran forward and swept her up into his arms.他跑上前去一把将她抱在怀里。The whole country was swept up in the excitement.全国上下都沉浸在兴奋的气氛中。Wed better sweep up all the bits of broken glass quickly. 我们最好快点把玻璃碴子扫干净。联想拓展sweep aside 放/堆到一边; 不予理会sweep away 扫清;消灭;彻底消除sweep off 扫清; 吹走; 大量清除sweep out 扫掉; 清除sweep over 将一扫而光; (某种感情)掠过（的心头） After the party, the house needed .The leaves were into the air by the strong wind.三、课文重点句子1. This is similar to the “jet lag” you get from flying,.这就与你乘坐飞机会产生时差反应相似， when flying是when you are flying的省略形式。在有些表示时间、条件、方式或让步的状语从句中，如果谓语包含动词be，从句的主语又和主句的主语一致，或者主语是it，通常可以把从句中的主语和be动词省略。When asked wheres the toilet, the waitress showed the way politely to the guest.当被问及厕所在哪里时，服务员非常有礼貌地给客人带路。Until finishing the homework, the child was allowed to watch the cartoon film.直至完成作业，小孩才允许看卡通片。If necessary, you can call help from the police.有必要时，你可以向警方求助。即使被打死，他仍然保守秘密。 可能的话，到机场来接我。 过马路时，孩子们被要求停下观望，再手牵手通过。 2. As a result, I suffered from “time lag”.as a result 结果，因此 He didnt work hard. As a result, he failed his exam. as a result of 作为 . 的结果，由于He was late as a result of the heavy snow.因为吃了些坏鱼,他第二天早晨感到胃痛。(as a result of ) 3. At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate. 开始的时候，新的环境让我难以容忍。(1)I have a lot of homework to do. 我有很多功课要做。(2)The job his boss asked him to do is hard to finish in such a short time. 老板要求他做的那份工作很难能在这么短的时间内完成。在运用不定式时，我们常发现用主动来代替被动的现象：(1)例1中，to do 是来修饰前面的名词homework的，作后置定语，解释为“要做的功课”，理应用被动的结构，但当句子的主语I 与不定式中所包含的动词do有“主谓关系”的时候，我们常用主动来代替被动。(2)例2中，to finish 是作状语的。当不定式to finish和句子的主语the job之间构成了“动宾关系”时，即finish the job，我们也可以用主动来代替被动。又如：The river is dangerous to swim in. (不定式的动词swim in和句子的主语the river 构成了动宾关系，就可以用主动的结构。)I am going to the supermarket. Would you have anything to be taken? (我打算去超市。你有东西要带吗？) 很显然，这里的不定式中的动词take的动作执行者是I，而不是句子的主语you，因此它们没有构成“主谓关系”，就要用被动，即用to be taken 来修饰anything。 翻译句子(1) 这把椅子坐上去很舒服。 (2) 这些穷人们没钱买食物，也没地方居住。 登封实验高级中学英语导学案Book 5 life in the future语法课于茉莉日期_ 班级_姓名_教学目标：知识目标：学习过去分词做宾语补足语，能力目标：能够正确运用该语法情感目标：学生能够克服在学习语法过程中所遇到的困难，积极主动向老师和其他同学求教教学重难点：该语法的正确应用过去分词做状语过去分词做状语，其逻辑主语与句子主语一致，句子主语与过去分词所表示的动作之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。过去分词作状语时一般与其他成分用逗号隔开，可以说明动作发生的时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随、让步情况等。1.表示时间When it is seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful. Seen from the Dont speak until you are spoken to. Dont speak until spoken to.总结：_2、表示原因Because the boy was greatly touched by his teachers words, he did a lot of things to help his classmates. Greatly touched by the teachers wordsBecause he was surprised at what happened, Tom didnt know what to do. Surprised at what happened总结：_3、表示条件If we were given more time, we could do it much better. Given more timeIf it is heated to a high temperature, water will change into vapor. Heated to a high temperature总结：_4、表示让步Though they had been warned of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields. Though warned of the stormEven if Im invited, I wont take part in the party Even if invited总结：_5、表示方式、伴随The teacher entered the classroom, and he was followed by a group of students。The teacher entered the classroom ,followed by a group of students.The teacher stood there and was surrounded by the students. The teacher stood there, surrounded by the students.总结：_易混淆辨析：1. 过去分词作状语表示_的和/或_的动作,相当一个状语从句。2. 过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语，此时应注意语态要一致。 from upside, you will find a lily which is in full bloom(盛开）in the sea._from upside, it looks like a lily which is in full bloom(盛开）in the sea.如果句子的主语和分词的逻辑主语是主动关系, 用_，句子的主语和分词的逻辑主语是被动关系，用_。温馨提示：（1） 过去分词作状语时，有时为了强调，前面可带有连词，如：when、while、if、unless、until等，以使句意表达的更清楚。Unless constantly repeated, the English words are easily forgotten.When asked why she came here, the girl kept silent.（2） 过去分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必修与句子的主语保持一致（现在分词作状语同样如此），否则需要加上自己的主语，构成独立主格结构。The workers worked even hard, their living conditions greatly improved.Much time spent sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.（3） 过去分词与现在分词被动形式（having been done）作状语时，都有被动意义，有时可以互换，但是having been done结构更强调分词动作先于句子的谓语动词。Shown around the lab, we are taken to see the library. = Having been shown around the lab ,we are taken to see the library.语法练习1、_ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.A. Translating B. Translated C. To translate D. Having translated2、_ in 1955, Disneyland in California is regarded by many as the original fun park. A. Opened B. Having openedC. Opening D. Being opened3、_ from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees . A. Seen B. Seeing C. Having seen D. To see4._at my classmates faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes. A. Looking B. Look C. To look D. Looked5、 by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.A. Being encouraged B. EncouragingC. Encouraged D. Having encouraged6、 not to miss the flight at1520,the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. A. Reminding B. Reminded C. To remind D. Having reminded7、Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures, some _a life span of around 20 years.A. having B. had C. have D. to have8、 an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous.A. Offer B. Offering C. Offered D. To offer9、 around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.A. Gather B. To gather C. Gathering D. To be gathering 10. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _ he gladly accepted it. A. finished B. finishing C. having finished D. was finished11. _ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. A. Faced B. Face C. Facing D. To face12. _ and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize. A. Surprising B. Surprised C. Being surprised D. To be surprising13. _ nice, the food was sold out soon.A. Tasted B. Tasting C. To taste D. Being tasted 14. _ from space, the earth, with water _seventy percent of its surface, looks like a blue ball.A. Seen, covered B. Seen, covering C. Seeing, coveringD. Seeing, covered15.He had his leg _in the match yesterday.A. to break B. broken C. break D. breaking16._in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose17.Dont get _ in the rain.A. to be caught B. catching C. to catch D. caught18. Most of the artists _ to the party were from south Africa.A. having been invited B. inviting C. being invited D. invited19. _ hot, Tom uncovered his quilt, _ only his stomach _. A. Feeling; leaving; covered B. Felt; left; covered C. Feeling; left; covering D. Felt; leaving; covered20. _ their homework, the pupils went home _ their parents. A. Doing; following B. Having done; following C. Done; followed D. Having done; followed21. When _ why he was late, he just stared at us and said nothing. A. being asked B. asking C. asked D. to be asked22. _ a reply, he decided to write a letter to her again. A. Not receiving B. Not having received C. Not received D. Having not received23. _, the players began the game. A. After we took our seats B. Being taken the seats C. Taking our seats D. Having taken our seats24. The big- eyed girl came in, _ a cake with two _ candles on it.A. bring; lit B. brought; lighted C. carrying; lighted D. taking; lighting25. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next year.A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out9