北京语言大学21春《汉语写作》离线作业2参考答案24

北京语言大学21春汉语写作离线作业2参考答案1. In the _ of damage, to be surveyed by Johnson Survey Coand claims payable at Shanghai. AevenIn the _ of damage, to be surveyed by Johnson Survey Coand claims payable at Shanghai.AevenBevidentCevidenceDeventD2. 关于行文断续的要求不正确的说法是( )。A.断要当断则断，续要当续则续B.注意文采的绚丽华美C.断要告一暂歇，续要承前启后D.断要不觉突兀，续要有所准备参考答案：A3. ( )是最高的语言艺术，被称为“精致的讲话”。A.散文B.叙事式C.诗歌D.戏剧参考答案：C4. Documentary L/C Irrevocable L/C Confirmed L/C Transferable L/C Standby L/CDocumentary L/CIrrevocable L/CConfirmed L/CTransferable L/CStandby L/CIrrevocable L/C$Documentary L/C$Transferable L/C$Confirmed L/C$Standby L/C5. 标题、开头、结尾、段落、行文线索等可称为文章的内部结构。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：A6. Taiwan lies _ the southern coast of China, and its really _ island. Is thatTaiwan lies _ the southern coast of China, and its really _ island. Is that soA、in, aB、in, anC、on ,anD、off ,an正确答案:D7. 悬念式导语是指这种方式的特点是激发读者的阅读兴趣，增强可读性。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B8. The population of China is larger than AIndia Bthat of India CIndia&39;s Dthose of IndThe population of China is larger thanAIndiaBthat of India CIndiasDthose of IndiaB9. The official made _ clear that everything should be done to solve the problem Ait Bthis CThe official made _ clear that everything should be done to solve the problemAitBthisCthat DhimAit作形式宾语。10. I want you to ( ) each sum of the money you spent.A、amount toB、account forC、aim toD、intend to参考答案：B11. 网络上的超文本不具有超越时空障碍的辐射力。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：A12. Achievement tests are typically administered at (the) _ of a course orAchievement tests are typically administered at (the) _ of a course or aprogram.A. beginningB. middleC. endD. anytime参考答案C13. 演讲既然带有一个“演”字，就说明它不是单纯的“讲”，而是带有某些“表演”的性质。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B14. 观光层高达263米，是乌瞰全市景色的最佳处所。当风和日丽时，举目远望，佘山、金山、崇明岛隐隐可见，真有“登泰山观光层高达263米，是乌瞰全市景色的最佳处所。当风和日丽时，举目远望，佘山、金山、崇明岛隐隐可见，真有“登泰山而小天下”之感。The observation deck,263 meters high,is the best place to get a birds eye view of the city.On a sunny day,the deck commands an indistinct view of Sheshan,Jinshan and the Chongming Island far away.Standing on the deck.one gets the feeling that the world is belittled.以上的这段译文中，“高达263米，鸟瞰全市景色”都采用了准确和精练的直译。删除了引自论语中的一句话“登泰山而小天下”，进行了翻译中的省略处理。原文中引用此语无非是形容观光层之高。如果要将“泰山”译出，反而容易引起歧义。15. I was a teacher but I want to be a doctor now. _ A) So is my friend B) So do my frienI was a teacher but I want to be a doctor now. _A) So is my friendB) So do my friendC) So was my friendD) So it is with my friendD表示后者与前者情况一样，但前者中谓语动词多种形式，后者不能确定谓语动词形式，只能用so it is with.16. Black hair is a sharp_white skin.Amethod toBcompare toCrefer toDcontrast toBlack hair is a sharp_white skin.Amethod toBcompare toCrefer toDcontrast to正确答案：D17. Under CIF,if the seller is ready to bear the charges for unloading the goods onto the dock of the poUnder CIF,if the seller is ready to bear the charges for unloading the goods onto the dock of the port of destination, which of the following variation is to be adopted? _.A. CIF landedB. CIF ex-tackleC. CIF Ex Ships-HoldD. CIF trimmedA18. 艺术性说明文又称“科普作品”，是指那些多以描绘、比喻、形象、拟人等艺术表现手法解说事物和事理的说明文。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B19. Terry would certainly have attended the meeting _. A) if he didn&39;t get a flat tire B) ifTerry would certainly have attended the meeting _.A) if he didnt get a flat tireB) if he had not had a flat tireC) if the flat tire didnt happenD) if the tire did not flattenB主句中谓语动词用了would+have+attended，由此可以推断出是表示过去情况的虚拟条件句，故从句中谓语动词形式为过去完成式。20. 不是所有主题都要求有与之相适应的结构和布局。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：A21. 学术论文由前置部分和主体部分两部分构成，前置部分包括题名、论文作者、摘要、关键词，主体部分包括引言、正文、结论、致谢、参考文献。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B22. 运思中确定主题提炼的方向和类型是一个首要问题。它将制约择体、选材和理序。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B23. We confirm supply of 1000 pairs of the shoes _ the prices stated _ your Order No888 and wWe confirm supply of 1000 pairs of the shoes _ the prices stated _ your Order No888 and will allow a 5% special discount _ your order worth 5000 or above.at, in, on24. 衡量一篇文章的质量、价值与作用的重要尺度是( )。A.主题B.为情造文C.语言D.结构参考答案：A25. ( )在题材上基本不受限制。A.小说B.说C.散文D.诗歌参考答案：C26. 既有事实内容的广度又有事实内容的深度是深度报道的特性。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B27. 所有公文中最具权威性和强制性的文种是( )。A.命令B.构思是一种内视和预想，构思处处与“写”有关C.公告D.通告参考答案：A28. Xi an is only a 5hour journey_ Beijing by the express train. A. awayXi an is only a 5-hour journey_ Beijing by the express train.A. awayB. inC. from参考答案C29. Aall the otherBall otherCallDanyAall the otherBall otherCallDany正确答案：C解析：all textiles 意为“所有织物种类”。30. 文体从语言风格的角度来分，有( )。A.政论文体B.行动描写C.科学文体D.公文事务文体参考答案：ABCD31. AineffectiveBincompetentCinefficientDinsufficientAineffectiveBincompetentCinefficientDinsufficient正确答案：C解析：上下文理解题。incompetent不可选，下文说到如有必要大脑可以启动(trigger)新的接收器，所以并非“不胜任”，而是“inefficient效率低”；incompetent all the time“所有时间工作都不能胜任”，所以不能选；inefficient all the time正确。32. GBP 97 per metric ton CIF Copenhagen.GBP 97 per metric ton CIF Copenhagen.正确33. 精心设计板书的重要性有( )A.让学生看的清楚B.有助于学生对教材的理解C.有助于帮助学生掌握教学内容的基本思路D.具有对一堂课之“龙”“点睛”的作用参考答案：BCD34. 电视广告文案是以画面为中心、以画面作为叙述语言的一种形式。( )A.正确B.错误参考答案：A35. 导语的写作要求有( )。A.突出最有新闻价值的新闻要素B.意见C.吸引读者往下看D.行文简要生动参考答案：D36. 概述交际法的理论基础及其当前交际语言教学课堂活动的特征。参考答案：理论基础：(1)语言学理论基础是20世纪60年代兴起70年代形成高潮的社会语言学。尤其是社会语言学家海姆斯的交际能力理论和功能主义语言学家韩礼德的功能语言理论和话语分析理论，以及威多森的语言交际观。(2)心理学基础是人本主义心理学和20世纪60年代后期兴起的心理语言学。交际法强调以学生为中心，首先要分析学习者对第二语言的需要，教学内容和教学方法的确定都必须从学习者的需要出发。交际法还认为，学习者在言语中出现一些错误是正常的也是不可避免的现象，学习者所追求的不可能是完美无缺的交际，而只能是有缺陷的但有效的交际，因此，对学习者的语言错误不应苛求。特征：(1)以培养交际功能为宗旨，明确提出第二语言教学目标是培养创造性地运用语言的交际能力，不仅要求语言运用的正确性，还要求得体性。(2)以功能意念为纲。根据学习者的实际需要，选取真实自然的语言材料，而不是经过加工后的“教科书语言”。(3)教学过程交际化，交际既是学习的目的也是学习的手段，在教学中创造接近真实交际的情景并多采用小组活动的形式，通过大量言语交际活动培养运用语言交际的能力，并把课堂交际活动与课外生活中的交际结合起来。(4)以话语为教学的基本单位。认为语言不是存在于孤立的词语或句子中，而是存在于连贯的语篇中。(5)单项技能训练与综合性技能训练相结合，以综合性训练为主，最后达到在交际中综合运用语言的目的。(6)对学习者在学习过程中出现的语言错误有一定的容忍度，不影响交际的错误能不纠就不纠，尽量鼓励学习者发挥言语交际活动的主动性和积极性。(7)交际法强调以学生为中心，强调教学要为学生的交际需要服务，以语言功能为纲根据学以致用的原则，针对不同专业的学习者安排“专用语言”的教学。(8)主张采用多种教学手段，不应是仅仅一本教科书，而应该是“教学包”，即教师用书、辅导读物、磁带、挂图、录像、电影、电视等。(9)让学生处于情景之中，身临其境地感受氛围，用汉语进行交际，是交际教学的精髓。37. When you come to Wuhan, I can put you _ for the night. A) down B) up C) in D) oWhen you come to Wuhan, I can put you _ for the night.A) downB) upC) inD) outBput up“提供食宿”；put down“记下，放下”；put in“驶进”；put out“熄灭”。38. 选择多数人关心、寻求“答案”的题材，这是写好科普说明文的前提。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：A39. 新闻评论，即对新闻事实进行评论的文字。常依附于新闻报道并与之配套发表或播发。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B40. 林纾说“为人重晚节，行文看结穴”，这说是写文章要注意哪个方面?( )A.思想高度B.教育C.整体结构D.语言风格参考答案：B41. 补叙应用的情况是( )A.文章最后，对影响事件发展的关键伏线予以披露B.围绕主题拓展作者的思路C.对叙述中提到的主要事件和人物作补充交代D.揭示文章思想参考答案：AC42. 教案的编写，内容的准确是第一位的。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B43. You are likely to be attacked if you _.Akeep after a flying targetBhit a flying sauYou are likely to be attacked if you _.Akeep after a flying targetBhit a flying saucerCfire straight at a missleDkeep chasing the enemys tanks正确答案：A44. Perhaps no single monument in the USA is as famous as the Statue of Liberty. Standing on aPerhaps no single monument in the USA is as famous as the Statue of Liberty. Standing on a small island in New York Harbor, the crowned lady, holding aloft(在高处)in her right hand the torch of freedom and in her left hand a tablet which is inscribed(雕刻)July 4th, 1776, is a symbol of American democracy. She is colossal. She is 151 foot high and the pedestal(基座)on which she stands is almost as much. An elevator takes visitors to the top of the pedestal, around which a balcony runs. A spiral(螺旋形)staircase goes up to the crown, and another to the torch. The Statue of Liberty was a gift to the USA from France in 1886, as a mark of friendship and also in memory of the aid France gave the Americans during the American Revolution. For millions of immigrants, the Statue was their first sight of the promised Land, and for a few it was also the last, as they sailed back home again. About a mile from Liberty Island, there is another small island, called Ellis Island, which was looked up on with dread by the immigrants. For it was here that they had to wait their turn to be examined by doctors and officials. Most of the immigrants could not speak a word of English. But only two out of 100 immigrants were refused admission to New York City. Often the person refused turned out to be a grandmother or a weary, frightened girl mistakenly labeled feebleminded. Sometimes husbands and wives were parted because one of them happened to have a bad cough and was suspected of having tuberculosis(肺结核). New York City was a bitter disillusionment to some immigrants. Far from being a city paved with gold, it was a city teeming(充满)with overcrowded, unhealthy and unsafe ghettos. The immigrants looked for earlier immigrants of their own national or religion. So Italian, Polish, Irish, Jewish neighborhoods grew up. Because they could not speak English, the newcomers found it difficult to get work at once, and their living quarters were often slums. However, they found in the USA opportunities of bettering themselves. Today immigrants no longer have to endure the indignities(侮辱)of Ellis Island. The grim buildings were closed down in 1924. In 1976, Ellis Island became an historic monument.Which of the following is the best title for this passage? _AGateway to the USA.BStatue of Liberty.CEllis Island.DImmigrants of the USA.正确答案：A这题问的是全文的主题。选项B、C、D在文章中都有所提及，但都是文章中的一个部分，不能作为全文的标题。选项A中的gateway(人口，关口)却概括了它们的全部内容。45. 狭义散文是( )才有的说法。A.古代B.向外的抒情文体C.五四D.当代参考答案：D46. Pat: When do you want me to finish cleaning the office?Rose: _Pat: When do you want me to finish cleaning the office?Rose: _正确答案：FF 解析：首先应读懂上文，后进行逻辑推理，选择填充词句。上文意为“你要求我什么时间把办公室的卫生做完？”47. 如要获取材料，观察的条件有( )A.端正观察态度B.运用比较方法C.选好观察点D.加入理性思考参考答案：ABCD48. Where was it _ you lost your wallet? Athat Bwhere Cwhich Din whichWhere was it _ you lost your wallet?AthatBwhereCwhichDin whichA49. As you are aware that there has been lately a large demand _ the above commodities, such growinAs you are aware that there has been lately a large demand _ the above commodities, such growing demand has doubtlessly resulted _ increased prices.for，in50. 文体从语言风格的角度来分，有( )。A.政论文体B.文艺文体C.科学文体D.公文事务文体参考答案：ABCD