英语阅读正确与错误答案特征全总结

英语阅读：正确与错误答案特征全总结正确答案的特征1 正确答案常与文章中心思想密切相关2 正确答案的位置：段首段尾附近、意义转折处、因果处。这是最常见的三个位置3 正确答案对概念信息常用的处理原则：同义替换、正话反说、反话正说。如：1. According to the first paragraph, peer pressure often emerges asA a supplement to the social cureB a stimulus to group dynamicsC an obstacle to school progressD a cause of undesirable behaviors正确答案D 选项的出处：It usually leads to no good-drinking, drugs and casual sex. “no good”在意义上等同于 “undesirable”2.Rosenberg holds that public advocates shouldA recruit professional advertisersB learn from advertisers experienceC stay away from commercial advertisersD recognize the limitations of advertisements正确答案B选项的出处：Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers, so skilled at applying peer pressure. “take a page from”在意义上是对 “learn from”形象化的解释，二者意义基本相似。3. In the authors view,Rosenbergs book fails toA adequately probe social and biological factorsB effectively evade the flaws of the social cureC illustrate the functions of state fundingDproduce a long-lasting social effect题干与正确选项A的结合部分：“fails to adequately probe”与出题处：Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and not enough exploration of the social and biological factors that make peer pressure so powerful.中“not enough exploration”在意义上相似。4 从语气角度来说：正确答案中经常含有不肯定语气词和委婉表达用词。如：can, may, might, possible, not necessarily, some。如：1. The author indicates in Paragraph 3 that earned media_.A invite constant conflicts with passionate consumers.B can be used to produce negative effects in marketing.C may be responsible for fiercer competition.D deserve all the negative comments about them.相反，在下例中，2. It can be learned from the first paragraph thatA Teamsters still have a large body of members.B Jimmy Hoffa used to work as a civil servant.CUnions have enlarged their public-sector membership.Dthe government has improved its relationship with unionists.错误选项C、D提醒大家：当选项中出现完成时态与将来时态时要引起警觉，因完成时态与将来时态常表示既成事实或较有把握的推断，语气较为肯定，可能与原文不符，原文出题处往往只表示推断具有一定的可能性，而非十分肯定或已既成事实。错误答案的特征1 第一个大层次：正反混淆(选项的意思跟原文的意思正好相反)无中生有(未提及的概念)所答非所问(虽然选项的说法没有问题，符合原文，但和题干无关)2 第二个层次：过分绝对扩大范围(注意隐蔽性的扩大范围,如mostly的使用)因果倒置常识判断推断过度就事论事偏离中心(与原文冲突)变换词性(或偷换概念)1 过分绝对通常以选项中“绝对词”:must, only, never, no的出现为标志，但也不限于此。如：(1) Medicine director Jeff Boyd believes that _.错误答案：A cancer cannot be cured正确答案推断处：“Were still not using the C word, cure,” cautioned medicine director Jeff Boyd of Fox Chase Cancer Center, who helped organized a meeting to examine the future of targeted therapy. But, he added, “there is real potential to transform many cancers into chronic diseases.”文章中并没有表示癌症不能被治愈，但选项却太过绝对化，说癌症不能被治疗。2 扩大范围(1)错误答案：C A common principle should be followed by all companies.正确答案推断处：“Board members of public companies should be chosen solely on the base of merit and experience,” he says.C选项将范围扩大至“All”(所有)公司，而文章中仅仅只包括“Public companies”.(2)错误答案：A It occupies 35% to 40% of the whole house sales in the history.答案推断处：The National Association of Relations estimated that 35 percent to 40 percent of sales currently are distressed sales-either foreclosed homes or short sales in which the owner is selling the house for less than the value of the mortgage.“in the history”在时间跨度上远远超越了 “currently”.3 因果倒置错误选项：A Because the number of the recall was too high.错误选项：B Because its market capital decreased by a large amount.错误选项：D Because the companys good reputation was destroyed.答案推断处：But within a few weeks all this has changed. Problems with “unintended acceleration” of its cars, which the firm has only delayed in taking seriously, have triggered an escalating crisis and the recall of 8m vehicles. The firms reputation for quality, on which the business was built, is shattered. Its market capitalization has dropped by an amount roughly equal to the entire value of Ford. But the greatest damage has been done by its misreading and mishandling of the crisis.此题问的是“unintended acceleration这一问题出现的原因，而trigger(引起)后面所说的皆是这一问题引发的后果，选项A、B 、D 的内容均为结果，而不是原因。4 常识判断(1).Rosenberg holds that public advocates shouldA recruit professional advertisersB learn from advertisers experienceC stay away from commercial advertisersD recognize the limitations of advertisements就整个社会而言，远离商业广告在很大程度上是不可能实现的，属常识性问题， 故排除错误选项C5 推断过度推断过度常和表程度的修饰词的使用有关如错误答案：1can soon wipe out world poverty2the Supreme Court strongly opposes physician-assisted suicide3 there will soon be only one railroad company nationwide4 DNA technology has been widely applied to history research.原文正确答案的出题处均没有使用soon, strongly, widely等程度修饰词。6 就事论事(此错误常见于概括主题或主旨大意题中)7 偏离中心(与原文冲突)8 偷换概念或逻辑主体心(与原文冲突)(1) 错误答案: C Misery should be enjoyed rather than denied.原文最后一段：Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness，we need art to tell us，as religion once did， Memento mori：remember that you will die，that everything ends，and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it. “Misery”与“happiness”是两个意义截然相反的概念。(2)错误答案: C the role of talent tends to be overlooked.原文最后一段正确答案出处：Their work makes a rather startling assertion ： the trait we commonly call talent is highly overrated. “overlook”与“overrate”两个动词作为逻辑主体的意义不同。(3) The importance of Toyota in Japanese business can be seen from _.错误答案: C Its cooperation with General Motors该题正确答案出处：The company has long been regarded as the summit of Japanese innovation, manufacturing quality and industrial strength-particularly since it overtook General Motors in 2008 to become the worlds biggest carmaker.错误选项C中的“cooperation”对原文中 “overtook”一词进行了偷换，含义发生改变，属于概念偷换，违背了同义替换原则。凯程教育：凯程考研备考成立于2005年，国内首家全日制集训机构考研备考，一直从事高端全日制辅导，由李海洋教授、张鑫教授、卢营教授、王洋教授、杨武金教授、张释然教授、索玉柱教授、方浩教授等一批高级考研备考教研队伍组成，为学员全程高质量授课、答疑、测试、督导、报考指导、方法指导、联系导师、复试等全方位的考研备考服务。凯程考研备考的宗旨：让学习成为一种习惯；凯程考研备考的价值观口号：凯旋归来，前程万里；信念：让每个学员都有好最好的归宿；使命：完善全新的教育模式，做中国最专业的考研备考辅导机构；激情：永不言弃，乐观向上；敬业：以专业的态度做非凡的事业；服务：以学员的前途为已任，为学员提供高效、专业的服务，团队合作，为学员服务，为学员引路。如何选择考研备考辅导班：在考研备考准备的过程中，会遇到不少困难，尤其对于跨专业考生的专业课来说，通过报辅导班来弥补自己复习的不足，可以大大提高复习效率，节省复习时间，大家可以通过以下几个方面来考察辅导班，或许能帮你找到适合你的辅导班。 师资力量：师资力量是考察辅导班的首要因素，考生可以针对辅导名师的辅导年限、辅导经验、历年辅导效果、学员评价等因素进行综合评价，询问往届学长然后选择。判断师资力量关键在于综合实力，因为任何一门课程，都不是由一、两个教师包到底的，是一批教师配合的结果。还要深入了解教师的学术背景、资料著述成就、辅导成就等。凯程考研备考名师云集，李海洋、张鑫教授、方浩教授、卢营教授、孙浩教授等一大批名师在凯程授课。而有的机构只是很普通的老师授课，对知识点把握和命题方向，欠缺火候。对该专业有辅导历史：必须对该专业深刻理解，才能深入辅导学员考取该校。在考研备考辅导班中，从来见过如此辉煌的成绩：凯程教育拿下2017五道口金融学院状元，考取五道口15人，清华经管金融硕士10人，人大金融硕士15个，中财和贸大金融硕士合计20人，北师大教育学7人，会计硕士保录班考取30人，翻译硕士接近20人，中传状元王园璐、郑家威都是来自凯程，法学方面，凯程在人大、北大、贸大、政法、武汉大学、公安大学等院校斩获多个法学和法硕状元，更多专业成绩请查看凯程网站。在凯程官方网站的光荣榜，成功学员经验谈视频特别多，都是凯程战绩的最好证明。对于如此高的成绩，凯程集训营班主任邢老师说，凯程如此优异的成绩，是与我们凯程严格的管理，全方位的辅导是分不开的，很多学生本科都不是名校，某些学生来自二本三本甚至不知名的院校，还有很多是工作了多年才回来考的，大多数是跨专业考研备考，他们的难度大，竞争激烈，没有严格的训练和同学们的刻苦学习，是很难达到优异的成绩。最好的办法是直接和凯程老师详细沟通一下就清楚了。建校历史：机构成立的历史也是一个参考因素，历史越久，积累的人脉资源更多。例如，凯程教育已经成立10年（2005年），一直以来专注于考研备考，成功率一直遥遥领先，同学们有兴趣可以联系一下他们在线老师或者电话。有没有实体学校校区：有些机构比较小，就是一个在写字楼里上课，自习，这种环境是不太好的，一个优秀的机构必须是在教学环境，大学校园这样环境。凯程有自己的学习校区，有吃住学一体化教学环境，独立卫浴、空调、暖气齐全，这也是一个考研备考机构实力的体现。此外，最好还要看一下他们的营业执照。 5 / 5文档可自由编辑打印